4,984 research outputs found
Wal Milton
No full text"Wal Milton 43 Squadron RAAF "Catalinas" Doctor's Gully 1943 - 44 - 45 [signature] W Milton".Wal Milton. 43 Squadron, Royal Australian Air Force. "Catalinas" Doctor's Gully 1943 - 44 - 45. [signature] W Milton
What Do Quarterly Workforce Dynamics Tell Us About Wal-Mart? Evidence from New Stores in Pennsylvania
No full textIn this paper I seek to better inform debate regarding Wal-Mart’s local impact on wages, and employment dynamics by combining data on Wal-Mart stores with the recently release Quarterly Workforce Indicators provided by the US Census. Use a panel of Pennsylvania counties, who saw entrance of a Wal-Mart in 2002, I find a new store has no effect on existing employee wages in the retail sector. However, new retail sector hires experience a roughly 1,500 purchases of diapers annual since 1999 I have no financial relationship with Wal-Mart or any affiliate that I am aware of.Wal-Mart, Pennsylvania, Quarterly Workforce Indicators
Business Practices of Wal-Mart in Northwest Indiana
No full textWal-Mart symbolizes the strength of economic and commercial activity in any region. Wal-Mart has built a business empire on its low-cost model. Customers love Wal-Mart stores for its low prices. At the same time, Wal-Mart is under a barrage of criticism for labor practices and indirect burdens on our social and welfare programs. Some of the business practices of Wal-Mart like the employees’ wage-benefits package, and the underemployment of women and minorities are the subject of ongoing debate at the national level. Our main objective is to review this issue within a regional context. We examined whether what is being alleged about the business practices of Wal-Mart at the national level is mirrored at the regional level, like northwest Indiana. The findings presented are from a survey designed to analyze the impact of the business practices of Wal-Mart on customers and employees. Our results concur with earlier national studies that there are hidden costs for the community which shops and supports Wal-Mart and that a large number of employees are older, work part time, earn below the regional average income, and depend on state welfare programs. We found gender differences in employment, earnings, and career advancement opportunities. The price of low cost goods may be too high for the region economy and it will likely affect women more than men.discrimination, gender, cost, benefits
SUPERMARKET PRICING AND GAME THEORY: THE PRESENCE OF WAL-MART
No full textWal-Mart is a giant in the grocery industry and its influence is growing at a rapid pace. Despite Wal-Mart's success with Everyday Low Pricing (EDLP), there is little to no evidence to suggest that other supermarket chains wish to follow a similar path. Why? This research addresses this question.Marketing,
Transportation and Infrastructure, Retail Clustering, and Local Public Finance: Evidence from Wal-Mart's Expansion
No full textThe author examines the role highway infrastructure and local property tax rate variability play in retail agglomeration in Indiana from 1988 through 2003. To account for data errors and the potential endogeneity of taxes and infrastructure on retail agglomeration, he introduces a unique identification strategy that exploits the entrance timing and location of Wal-Mart stores in Indiana. Using a time-series cross-sectional model of Indiana’s 92 counties from 1988 through 2003, he estimates the impact highway infrastructure, property taxes, and big-box competition have in creating regional agglomerations. Among two separate specifications and a full and rural-only set of the data, the author finds considerable agreement in the results. In the full sample, he finds no relationship between property tax rates or highway infrastructure and retail agglomeration. Within the non-metropolitan statistical area (MSA) counties, this relationship is very modest, though it possesses considerable statistical certainty. Highway impacts within the non-MSA counties are significant and positively related to retail agglomeration, with the presence of highways explaining about 10 percent of total agglomeration variability. (JEL R11, R53)Infrastructure; endogeneity; taxation; Wal-Mart
Wal-Mart, Oligopsony Power and Entry: an Analysis of Local Labor Markets
No full textWal-Mart, the largest retailer worldwide, has been suspected of exercising market power over input providers, both merchandise suppliers and workers. However, in spite of a growing body of literature investigating the beneficial economic impact of the company through its price-lowering effect, research analyzing the company’s economic impact over input suppliers is limited. This paper presents a general framework which can be used to investigate Wal-Mart’s market power over input suppliers, vis-à-vis a variation in input productivity, focusing on homogenous intermediate goods supplied locally. The model is general enough to account for incumbents’ reaction to Wal-Mart’s entry resulting in exit, entry and changes in the production technology. A simplified version of the theoretical model is tested using data on local labor markets. Preliminary results show Wal-Mart having a wage lowering effect due mainly to the increased productivity of labor, while the increase in oligopsony power counts only for 15% of such effect.Wal-Mart, oligopsony power, entry, wages, Industrial Organization, Labor and Human Capital, L13, L81, J42,
The export of national varieties of capitalism: the cases of Wal-Mart and Ikea
No full textUsing the cases of Wal-Mart and IKEA, this paper takes a productive systems approach to examine ‘varieties of capitalism’ from the perspective of the ways by which production and market relations are structured and prioritised. It considers the nature of these relations and their interaction within the domestic economy and the ways that firms and national systems interact with each other
in the global economy. It examines the processes by which trading standards are transported via supply chain relationships, which ultimately become embedded in products and recognized by consumers at various stages. In this
analysis, the cases of Wal-Mart and IKEA provide insight into the ways by which national systems extend themselves globally, their contrasting effects on the business environments in host localities, and the impact of the resulting supply chain relations on organizational performance
The Effect of Wal-Mart Supercenters on Grocery Prices in New England
No full textThis study analyzes the effect of the presence of Wal-Mart Supercenters on the prices at conventional supermarkets in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. Using price indexes constructed from primary price data on a basket of 54 goods and holding several demographics and market conditions constant, we determine that Supercenters result in a 7.79% average price reduction in national brand goods and a 6.38% average price reduction in private label goods. Wal-Mart Supercenters also price their groceries on average 15.65% lower than supermarkets competing with Supercenters and 22.28% lower than supermarkets geographically distant from Supercenters.Marketing,
THE EFFECT OF ENTRY BY WAL-MART SUPERCENTERS ON RETAIL GROCERY CONCENTRATION
No full textThe U.S. retail grocery industry shifted from an industry dominated by small grocers serving local markets to one characterized by large retailers present in international markets. Average retail grocery concentration as measured by CR4 increased from 17.8 in 1982 to 43.0 in 1999 (U.S. Census Bureau, 1982; Trade Dimensions Marketing Guidebook, 2000). Wal-Mart's tremendous growth is the catalyst to this change. Although Wal-Mart has been studied from multiple perspectives, little is known about Wal-Mart's effect on market concentration. Understanding Wal-Mart's influence on market concentration is important because an extensive literature shows a pattern linking retail grocery market concentration to increases in retail grocery prices. The objective of this analysis is to evaluate the effects of de novo entry by Wal-Mart Supercenters on retail grocery concentration (CR4). Using a panel dataset complied from Trade Dimensions Marketing Guidebook and Market Scope publications, the effect of Wal-Mart Supercenters on changes in retail grocery concentration was estimated. The results show that existing Wal-Mart Supercenter operations and entry by Wal-Mart Supercenters significantly increase the rate of change in retail grocery concentration as measured by CR4.Marketing,
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No full textBur., der Bruder des Schultheißen Wezzil, Wal. Pleto und Ber. der Mülner beurkunden, daß sie als Schiedsrichter im Streit zwischen dem Konvent von Töß und H. an dem Werde nebst dessen Sohn R. wegen der Steigmühle folgenden Spruch gefällt haben: Der Konvent von Töß zahlt an H. und R. an dem Werde 17 Pfund als Abfindung, und diese verpflichten sich ihrerseits auf alle Ansprüche und Rechte betreffend des Streitobjekts zu verzichten. Die Schiedsrichter bekunden ferner, daß dem H. und R. an dem Werde bereits die 17 Pfund ausgezahlt sind, und der Streit damit beendet ist. --{'name': 'BAdW', 'uri': 'badw.png'
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