2,605 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-cpa-10.1177_07067437211060597 - Supplemental material for Substance Use Disorders and Psychoactive Drug Poisoning in Medically Authorized Cannabis Patients: Longitudinal Cohort Study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-cpa-10.1177_07067437211060597 for Substance Use Disorders and Psychoactive Drug Poisoning in Medically Authorized Cannabis Patients: Longitudinal Cohort Study by Arsène Zongo, Cerina Lee, Jihane El-Mourad, Jason R. B. Dyck, Elaine Hyshka, John G. Hanlon and Dean T. Eurich in The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry</p
Primary and secondary defences of squid to cruising and ambush fish predators : variable tactics and their survival value
No full textAuthor Posting. © The Author(s), 2010. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Animal Behaviour 81 (2011): 585-594, doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.12.002.Longfin squid (Loligo pealeii) were exposed to two predators, bluefish (Pomatomus
saltatrix) and summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus), representing cruising and ambush
foraging tactics, respectively. During 35 trials, 86 predator–prey interactions were evaluated
between bluefish and squid, and in 29 trials, 92 interactions were assessed between flounder and
squid. With bluefish, squid predominantly used stay tactics (68.6%, 59/86) as initial responses.
The most common stay response was to drop to the bottom, while showing a disruptive body
pattern, and remain motionless. In 37.0% (34/92) of interactions with flounder, squid did not
detect predators camouflaging on the bottom and showed no reaction prior to being attacked.
Squid that did react, used flee tactics more often as initial responses (43.5%, 40/92), including
flight with or without inking. When all defence behaviours were considered concurrently, flight
was identified as the strongest predictor of squid survival during interactions with each predator.
Squid that used flight at any time during an attack sequence had high probabilities of survival
with bluefish (65%, 20/31) and flounder (51%, 18/35). The most important deimatic/protean
behaviour used by squid was inking. Inking caused bluefish to startle (deimatic) and abandon
attacks (probability of survival = 61%, 11/18) and caused flounder to misdirect (protean) attacks
towards ink plumes rather than towards squid (probability of survival = 56%, 14/25). These are
the first published laboratory experiments to evaluate the survival value of antipredator
behaviours in a cephalopod. Results demonstrate that squid vary their defence tactics in response
to different predators and that the effectiveness of antipredator behaviours is contingent upon the
behavioural characteristics of the predator encountered.This study was funded by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Sea Grant
Program, the Massachusetts Marine Fisheries Institute, the University of Massachusetts and the
Five College Coastal and Marine Sciences Program. R. T. Hanlon acknowledges partial support
from ONR grant N000140610202 and the Sholley Foundation
Memphis State University men\u27s golf team, 1965
No full textMemphis State University men\u27s golf team in 1965. Front (l-r): T. Wrenn, T. Hanlon, R. Glover, R. Clark; Back: B. McEwen, M. Malarkey, K. Lindsay, and Coach Roy Moore.https://digitalcommons.memphis.edu/speccoll-ua-ph-gallery2/1014/thumbnail.jp
Use of commercial off-the-shelf digital cameras for scientific data acquisition and scene-specific color calibration
No full textAuthor Manuscript. Published in final edited form as: J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2014 February 1; 31(2): 312–321
Medical cannabis authorization and risk of emergency department visits and hospitalization due to psychotic disorders: A propensity score-matched cohort study
No full text: Despite evidence showing that recreational cannabis use is associated with a higher risk of psychotic disorders, this risk has not been well characterized for patients using medical cannabis. Therefore, this study assessed the risk of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalization for psychotic disorders (the study outcome) among adult patients authorized to use medical cannabis. We performed a retrospective cohort study on patients authorized to use medical cannabis in a group of Ontario cannabis clinics between 2014 and 2019. Using clinical and health administrative data, each patient was matched by propensity scores to up to 3 population-based controls. Conditional Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to assess the risk. Among 54,006 cannabis patients matched to 161,265 controls, 39 % were aged ≤50 years, and 54 % were female. Incidence rates for psychotic disorders were 3.00/1000 person-years (95%CI: 2.72-3.32) in the cannabis group and 1.88/1000 person-years (1.75-2.03) in the control group. A significant association was observed, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.38 (95%CI: 1.19-1.60) in the total sample and 1.63 (1.40-1.91) in patients without previous psychotic disorders. The results suggest that cannabis authorization should include a benefit-risk assessment of psychotic disorders to minimize the risk of events requiring emergency attention
Genome wide association analysis of root hair traits in rice reveals novel genomic regions controlling epidermal cell differentiation
No full textBACKGROUND: Genome wide association (GWA) studies demonstrate linkages between genetic variants and traits of interest. Here, we tested associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in rice (Oryza sativa) and two root hair traits, root hair length (RHL) and root hair density (RHD). Root hairs are outgrowths of single cells on the root epidermis that aid in nutrient and water acquisition and have also served as a model system to study cell differentiation and tip growth. Using lines from the Rice Diversity Panel-1, we explored the diversity of root hair length and density across four subpopulations of rice (aus, indica, temperate japonica, and tropical japonica). GWA analysis was completed using the high-density rice array (HDRA) and the rice reference panel (RICE-RP) SNP sets. RESULTS: We identified 18 genomic regions related to root hair traits, 14 of which related to RHD and four to RHL. No genomic regions were significantly associated with both traits. Two regions overlapped with previously identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with root hair density in rice. We identified candidate genes in these regions and present those with previously published expression data relevant to root hair development. We re-phenotyped a subset of lines with extreme RHD phenotypes and found that the variation in RHD was due to differences in cell differentiation, not cell size, indicating genes in an associated genomic region may influence root hair cell fate. The candidate genes that we identified showed little overlap with previously characterized genes in rice and Arabidopsis. CONCLUSIONS: Root hair length and density are quantitative traits with complex and independent genetic control in rice. The genomic regions described here could be used as the basis for QTL development and further analysis of the genetic control of root hair length and density. We present a list of candidate genes involved in root hair formation and growth in rice, many of which have not been previously identified as having a relation to root hair growth. Since little is known about root hair growth in grasses, these provide a guide for further research and crop improvement. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-022-04026-5
Citrus Production on the Sandy Soils of Southwest Florida
No full textSL-234, a 7-page illustrated fact sheet by R.M. Muchovej, E.A. Hanlon, T. Obreza, M. Ozores-Hampton, F.M. Roka, S. Shukla, H. Yamataki, and K. Morgan, reviews those challenges facing citrus growers dealing with soils, water management, and nutrients. The authors describe evolving strategies to efficiently produce citrus in southwest Florida on variable mineral soils. Published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, February 2006.
SL-234/SS453: Citrus Production on the Sandy Soils of Southwest Florida (ufl.edu
Citrus Production on the Sandy Soils of Southwest Florida
No full textSL-234, a 7-page illustrated fact sheet by R.M. Muchovej, E.A. Hanlon, T. Obreza, M. Ozores-Hampton, F.M. Roka, S. Shukla, H. Yamataki, and K. Morgan, reviews those challenges facing citrus growers dealing with soils, water management, and nutrients. The authors describe evolving strategies to efficiently produce citrus in southwest Florida on variable mineral soils. Published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, February 2006.
SL-234/SS453: Citrus Production on the Sandy Soils of Southwest Florida (ufl.edu
Octopus arms exhibit exceptional flexibility
No full text© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Kennedy, E. B. L., Buresch, K. C., Boinapally, P., & Hanlon, R. T. Octopus arms exhibit exceptional flexibility. Scientific Reports, 10(1), (2020): 20872. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77873-7.The octopus arm is often referred to as one of the most flexible limbs in nature, yet this assumption requires detailed inspection given that this has not been measured comprehensively for all portions of each arm. We investigated the diversity of arm deformations in Octopus bimaculoides with a frame-by-frame observational analysis of laboratory video footage in which animals were challenged with different tasks. Diverse movements in these hydrostatic arms are produced by some combination of four basic deformations: bending (orally, aborally; inward, outward), torsion (clockwise, counter-clockwise), elongation, and shortening. More than 16,500 arm deformations were observed in 120 min of video. Results showed that all eight arms were capable of all four types of deformation along their lengths and in all directions. Arms function primarily to bring the sucker-lined oral surface in contact with target surfaces. Bending was the most common deformation observed, although the proximal third of the arms performed relatively less bending and more shortening and elongation as compared with other arm regions. These findings demonstrate the exceptional flexibility of the octopus arm and provide a basis for investigating motor control of the entire arm, which may aid the future development of soft robotics.We gratefully acknowledge funding from Grant N00014-19-1-2445 from the Office of Naval Research, Tom McKenna and Marc Steinberg, Program Managers. We also thank the staff of the Marine Resources Center at MBL for assistance with water quality measurements, seawater system maintenance, and collection of food items for octopuses
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