7,707 research outputs found
Does ERASMUS Student Mobility promote a EuropeanIdentity?
No full textThe potential of European student mobility to promote a European identity and,consequently, European integration has long been stressed by transactionalistssuch as Karl Deutsch but was never tested empirically. The EU-funded exchangeprogramme ERASMUS moves more than 150,000 university students annually,and it is still widely assumed it plays a pivotal role in the promotion of a Europeanidentity. Based on the results of a longitudinal survey among ERASMUS and nonmobilestudents I show that reality meets only partly these expectations. WhilstERASMUS enables students to improve their foreign language skills and learnmore about other European countries, it does not foster a European self-identity ora sense of European pride. However, the ERASMUS experience does help Britishstudents to feel more attached to Europe and to acknowledge they have things incommon with continental Europeans.European identity
Prolegomena zu einer Edition von Erasmus von Rotterdam "Scholia in Epistolas Hieronymi"
No full textZusammenfassung:
1515-16 erschien bei Johannes Froben in Basel die erste Gesamtausgabe der Werke des Kirchenvaters Hieronymus. Diese Edition, ein Meilenstein in der Geschichte der patristischen Editionen, entstand aus der Verschmelzung zweier ursprünglich unabhängiger Projekte: Der Basler Buchdrucker Johannes Amerbach hatte seit Ende der 1480er Jahre den Plan verfolgt, die vier grossen lateinischen Kirchenväter (Ambrosius, Augustinus, Hieronymus und Gregorius den Grossen) in zuverlässigen Gesamtausgaben zugänglich zu machen. Nach dem Erscheinen des Ambrosius und des Augustinus bereitete er ab 1507 die wesentlich kompliziertere Hieronymus-Ausgabe vor. Erasmus von Rotterdam anderseits plante seit 1500 eine Hieronymus-Edition. Im August 1514 schlossen sich dann Erasmus und Amerbachs Nachfolger Johannes Froben zusammen; das Ergebnis war die eingangs erwähnte Edition in neun Bänden. Erasmus war primär für die ersten vier Bände zuständig, welche die Briefe sowie die polemischen und apologetischen Schriften enthalten. Zu diesen Bänden verfasste er ausführliche Einleitungsbriefe sowie Inhaltsregesten (argumenta) sowie Erläuterungen (scholia) zu den einzelnen Werken. Darüber hinaus beriet er die Bearbeiter der Bände V–IX. Ausserdem steuerte er ein kritisches Werkverzeichnis sowie eine Biographie des Hieronymus bei.
Die nun auch online zugänglich gemachte Dissertation ist konzipiert als Vorarbeit und Grundlage zu einer Edition von Erasmus von Rotterdams Scholien innerhalb der Amsterdamer Erasmus-Gesamtausgabe ASD. Sie bietet nicht die dringend erwünschte erschöpfende Untersuchung von Hieronymus’ Einfluss auf Erasmus, ebenso wenig eine Untersuchung über den Inhalt, den Aufbau und die Absicht des Kommentars. Thema ist die Entstehung, die Aufnahme und die wiederholten Überarbeitungen der Hieronymus-Ausgabe und vor allem der Scholia. Da wir wohl über keine andere Edition des Erasmus so gut dokumentiert sind und weil die Edition nicht nur in Erasmus’ Leben, sondern auch in der Geschichte der Patristik einen wichtigen Platz einnimmt, schien es sinnvoll, ihre Genese und Rezeption exemplarisch nachzuzeichnen.
Nach der Einleitung, welche die Hieronymus-Ausgabe in einen grösseren Zusammenhang stellt, und einem Überblick über die bisher geleistete Forschung (Kap. I) folgt in Kap. II eine Zusammenstellung der umfangreicheren vor 1516 erschienenen Hieronymus-Editionen und ihres Verhältnisses zueinander. Auch diese dient dazu, unsere Ausgabe im historischen Umfeld zu situieren.
Das nächste Kapitel (III) befasst sich mit der Entstehungsgeschichte der ersten Auflage. In knapper Form wird Erasmus’ Beschäftigung mit und sein Verhältnis zu Hieronymus geschildert. Das Hauptgewicht liegt aber auf seiner Arbeit an der Edition. Die Vorbereitungen Amerbachs bzw. Frobens werden ebenfalls ausführlich dargestellt, da sie ganz wesentlich zur Qualität und dem Erfolg der Ausgabe beigetragen haben. Zu diesem Kapitel gehört Appendix I, welche Erasmus’ Scholia-Handschrift gewidmet ist. Die Geschichte der Handschrift, die daran gewandte Forschung, ihr Inhalt und Aufbau werden darin behandelt; daneben werden auch ein paar nicht zu den Scholia gehörige Fragmente ausgewertet.
In Kapitel IV wird sodann versucht, am Beispiel der Hieronymus-Edition die Vertriebsstrategien der Geschäftspartnerschaft Froben/Erasmus aufzuzeigen. Als Ergänzung dazu kann man Appendix VII über Holbeins Erasmus-Porträt in der Radnor Collection lesen.
Kapitel V gilt der Rezeption der Ausgabe von 1515 an, d.h. von dem Moment an, da ihr bevorstehendes Erscheinen weit herum bekannt wurde, und Erasmus’ Reaktion auf Lob und Kritik. Auch werden annotierte Exemplare aus dem Besitz bedeutender Theologen wie Luther, Zwingli und Bullinger vorgestellt. Appendix V behandelt den Index expurgatorius der katholischen Kirche von 1571 und bietet eine kritische Edition der die Hieronymus-Edition betreffenden Passagen.
Erst nach dem Echo auf die Ausgabe werden in Kapitel VI die weiteren von Erasmus besorgten Auflagen behandelt, da Erasmus bei seinen Neubearbeitungen oft auf geäusserte Kritik reagiert hat. Kapitel VII gehört mit Appendix II zusammen. Während die Appendix einen möglichst vollständigen chronologischen Katalog der Nachdrucke der Ausgabe enthält, sind diese Nachdrucke in Kapitel VII in zusammengehörigen Gruppen behandelt und als Zeugnisse für die Rezeption ausgewertet. Die in Kapitel VIII vorgestellten Übersetzungen sollen das Bild der Rezeption abrunden.
Kapitel IX schliesslich ist einem im allgemeinen eher mit wenig Respekt abgehandelten, aber äusserst nützlichen und vom Publikum hoch geschätzten Bestandteil der Ausgabe reserviert, nämlich den Indizes zu den verschiedenen Auflagen.
Summary:
In 1515-16, the first complete edition of the works of the Church Father St. Jerome was published by Johannes Froben in Basel. This edition, a milestone in the history of patristic editions, was the result of the merging of two originally independent projects: In Basel, from the late 1480ies the printer Johannes Amerbach had been realizing his idea of providing reliable complete editions of the four great Latin Fathers of the Church (Ambrose, Augustine, Jerome, and Gregory the Great). After the publication of Ambrose and Augustine, he embarked from 1507 on preparatory work for the edition of Jerome, which was considerably more complicated. On the other hand, Erasmus of Rotterdam had been planning an edition of Jerome ever since 1500. In 1514, Erasmus and Amerbach's successor, Johannes Froben, united their forces, the result being the edition mentioned above, in nine volumes. Erasmus was responsible primarily for the first four volumes containing the Letters as well as polemic and apologetic writings. Apart from elaborate introductions to these volumes, he wrote synopses (argumenta) of and annotations (scholia) on the single works. Moreover, he acted as advisor to the editors of vols. V-IX, and he contributed a critical catalogue of works as well as a biography of Jerome.
The thesis, now made accessible also online, has been conceived as a preliminary study and basis of an edition of the Scholia of Erasmus of Rotterdam in the Amsterdam edition of the works of Erasmus (ASD). It is neither the long wished-for comprehensive study of Jerome's influence of Erasmus nor an investigation of the contents, structure, and intention of the annotations. Its subject is the nascency, the reception, and the various revisions of the edition as a whole and most specifically of the Scholia. Since we are not nearly as well-documented on any other of Erasmus's editions and because this edition did not only play a crucial role in Erasmus's life, but also in the history of patristics, it seemed worthwhile to establish an exemplary account of its origin and and history.
Subsequent to the introduction, which puts the edition of Jerome in its larger context, and an overview of the research work done so far (chap. I), chap. II contains a compilation of the more extensive editions of Jerome published before 1516, and illustrates their interrelations. This account, too, serves to define the position of our edition in its historical context.
The next chapter (III) is an outline of the making of the first edition. Erasmus's work on, and relation to Jerome are characterized concisely. The focus, however, is on Erasmus's work on the edition. The preparatory work of Amerbach and Froben respectively is given ample attention as well, for it was constitutional for the quality and success of the edition. Appendix I, dedicated to the manuscript of Erasmus's Scholia, is to be read with this chapter. It recounts the history of the manuscript, the research dedicated to it, and its contents and structure; moreover several fragments not belonging to the Scholia are analysed and interpreted.
Following this, chap. IV is an attempt to illustrate, using the edition of Jerome as a paradigm, the marketing strategies of the business partnership Froben/Erasmus. It is complemented by Appendix VII about Holbein's portrait of Erasmus in the Radnor Collection.
Chapter V treats the response to the edition from 1515, viz. from the date when the news of its imminent publication had spread widely, and Erasmus's reaction to praise and criticism. Moreover it offers descriptions of annotated copies once in the ownership of eminent theologians such as Luther, Zwingli, and Bullinger. Appendix V deals with the Index expurgatorius of the Catholic Church of 1571, including a critical edition of the passages concerning the edition of Jerome.
So it is only after the response to the first edition that the later editions attended to by Erasmus are discussed in chapter VI, for Erasmus used to take into account critical comments in his revisions. Chapter VII is to be read with Appendix II, which contains as complete as possible a catalogue of the reprints of the edition in chronological order. This forms the basis for grouping them according to their interdependencies in chapter VII and analysing them as testimonies for the reception of the edition. The translations presented in chapter VIII serve to complete the reception history.
Finally, chapter IX is dedicated to a part of the edition not normally treated with great respect, but a very useful one and held in high esteem by the public, namely the indices to the various editions and impressions
Professional and personal paths for Europe’s qualified youth A survey of French, Italian and English ex-Erasmus students’ trajectories
No full textBehind the image of a globalised, mobile elite there is a wide range of social realities. In Europe today, there are many types of international migrants. This paper focuses on the field of qualified, professional migration, a type that falls between the two extremities on the social spectrum: the elite corporation, top executives in the world of globalisation, and poor migrants or asylum-seekers, with little capital. Our starting point is the theory that today in Europe, certain young people from the "middle class” of the south of the continent and/or massified higher education establishments use geographical mobility as a means to social mobility (move out in order to move up). We also hypothesise that this often has consequences on both their lives and their original geographical region. We have chosen to show the "human side” (Smith; Favell, 2006) of globalisation, instead of the more common viewpoint of theory and rhetoric, by asking former Erasmus students about their careers and experiences, both professional and non-professional. We analyse to what extent their careers correspond to new injunctions and how these non-linear, reversible paths have an impact on the entry into adult life for young people from average social and professional categories. On the basis of an in-depth content analysis of around fifty semi-directive interviews with young Italian, French and English people, we show how student mobility corresponds to expectations of the economic and social world, which go beyond the expectations of the participants themselves. The question of a possible reinforcement of existing social and economic inequalities within the European Union is thus raised through the relative "freedom” of the students when confronted with exchanges.
Rola programu Erasmus w marketingu akademickim
No full textUczestnictwo uczelni w programie Erasmus wpisuje się w koncepcję marketingu akademickiego przez doskonalenie oferty podstawowej instytucji szkolnictwa wyższego i oferowanie dodatkowych korzyści grupom interesariuszy (partnerów strategicznych). Od 1987 r. program Erasmus wspiera podnoszenie jakości kształcenia poprzez ułatwianie szkołom wyższym współpracy i wymiany doświadczeń, w której kluczowe miejsce zajmuje mobilność studentów i pracowników. Obejmuje szereg działań, z których najistotniejsze to wyjazdy i przyjazdy studentów na częściowe studia zagraniczne (od 3 do 12 miesięcy), udział studentów w zagranicznych praktykach w przedsiębiorstwach, instytucjach publicznych i pozarządowych oraz wizyty dydaktyczne wykładowców na uczelniach partnerskich. Wymienione formy współpracy realizowane są w oparciu o umowy bilateralne z uczelniami zagranicznymi. W niniejszym rozdziale przedstawiono: cele i zasady funkcjonowania programu Erasmus; wybrane dane statystyczne dotyczące implementacji tego programu ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem udziału polskich uczelni, wybrane działania podejmowane przez polskie instytucje szkolnictwa wyższego w celu promocji ich oferty za granicą; wyniki badań motywacji i satysfakcji studentów zagranicznych przyjeżdżających na wymianę Erasmusa do Polski oraz wyniki badania własnego obejmującego studentów Wydziału Studiów Międzynarodowych i Politologicznych Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, którzy uczestniczyli w ostatnich latach w częściowych studiach zagranicznych w ramach programu Erasmus.Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00
Chronic kidney disease in sub-Saharan Africa
No full textCITATION: Matsha, T. E. & Erasmus, R. T. 2019. Chronic kidney disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet Global Health, 7(12):e1587-e1588, doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30467-X.The original publication is available at https://www.thelancet.comNo abstract available.https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(19)30467-X/fulltextPublisher's versio
The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Intensity and Shareholder Value Creation
No full textInnovation and entrepreneurship have long been regarded as sources of value and wealth creation. Previous research has shown that there is a positive relationship between enterprises’ levels of entrepreneurship and their financial performance. Little research, however, has hitherto focused on measuring the relationship between entrepreneurship and shareholder value creation. In this study the relationship between the entrepreneurial intensity and the shareholder value created by an enterprise is investigated. An adapted corporate entrepreneurship (CE) measurement instrument is applied in order to gauge entrepreneurial intensity, while shareholder value creation is measured by the market adjusted total share return (TSR) and the value based financial performance measure Economic Value Added (EVA). The study is conducted for a sample of enterprises listed in the industrial sector of the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE) for the period 2003–2005. The contribution of the study is the focus on the relationship between entrepreneurial intensity and shareholder value creation, rather than purely on the accounting-based financial performance of an enterprise.entrepreneurial intensity, value based financial performance measures, economic value added
Rural medicine : a specialty in its own right?
No full textCITATION: De Villiers, P. J. T., Erasmus, R. J. E. & Jaques, P. H. 1992. Rural medicine : a specialty in its own right? South African Medical Journal, 82:283-284.The original publication is available at http://www.samj.org.zaIn the rural areas, where more than 50% of the South African population still lives, there is a severe shortage of adequately trained medical personnel.Publisher’s versio
Private devotion in England on the eve of the Reformation illustrated from works printed or reprinted in the period 1530-40
No full textThis is the first attempt to provide a detailed description of the different types of devotional literature (excluding all liturgical books, biblical translations, doctrinal and polemic works, saintS lives and sermons) available in print to English readers in the years immediately preceding England's break with Rome. It shows that there were far more Catholic works of devotion, many of them written or printed for the first time 1520 - 35, than has previously been recognized. It is also clear that this flourishing literature came to a sudden and decisive end in 1535, although the tradition lived on unofficially to be taken up by the English Recusants. The leading themes of this traditional literature are indicated in chapters on treatises about confession and prayer, the mass, the life and Passion of Christ, on tribulation, death and the Last Things, while more general teaching about the Christian life addressed to religious, contemplatives and lay people, and the humanist and Protestant contribution to this literature is also discussed. The treatises are doctrinally sound and on the whole advocate moderation and common-sense; they avoid many of the weaknesses of popular non-literary devotion, including the Marioleatry and excessive morbidity for which the late middle ages are often condemned. Some of the weaknesses of the Catholic tradition are suggested by comparison with the more rational and secular attitudes of Christian humanist , authors, notably Erasmus, available during the 1530s. The Protestants, whose treatises become increasingly common, despite official censorship, during the decade until they dominate its second half, carry the humanist~ reform much further, and break with the Catholic Church. Traditional devotional topics and audiences are displaced by doctrinal and biblical teaching addressed to lay people. The Bible replaces the Church's authority and there is more emphasis on the spiritual and social dimensions of religion
Developing a consultation for the Erasmus MC in 2030: By creating a strategic future vision
No full textThis report is an exploration into the possible future of consultations done for the Erasmus MC. The end results are a future patient journey and a roadmap leading towards that journey. The roadmap shows what steps need to be taken to be able to achieve the presented patient journey.Strategic Product Desig
Adaptive Mixture of Student-t Distributions as a Flexible Candidate Distribution for Efficient Simulation: The R Package AdMit
No full textThis paper presents the R package AdMit which provides flexible functions to approximate a certain target distribution and to efficiently generate a sample of random draws from it, given only a kernel of the target density function. The core algorithm consists of the function AdMit which fits an adaptive mixture of Student-t distributions to the density of interest. Then, importance sampling or the independence chain Metropolis-Hastings algorithm is used to obtain quantities of interest for the target density, using the fitted mixture as the importance or candidate density. The estimation procedure is fully automatic and thus avoids the time-consuming and difficult task of tuning a sampling algorithm. The relevance of the package is shown in two examples. The first aims at illustrating in detail the use of the functions provided by the package in a bivariate bimodal distribution. The second shows the relevance of the adaptive mixture procedure through the Bayesian estimation of a mixture of ARCH model fitted to foreign exchange log-returns data. The methodology is compared to standard cases of importance sampling and the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm using a naive candidate and with the Griddy-Gibbs approach.
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