6,635 research outputs found
Healthcare Information and the Utilization of Pap-smear Testing amongst Taiwanese Women
No full textThis study is to investigate the determinants of healthcare information amongst women in Taiwan aged between 25 and 69 years, and the association with cervical cancer screening.A two-stage estimation model was adopted for this investigation. In the first stage, the determinants of healthcare information were estimated by the OLS method, with the predicted values of the healthcare information then being linked to the decision to undergo Pap-smear testing. The nationwide survey dataset was obtained from the 2002‘Health Promotion of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice' (HPKAP) in Taiwan, provided by the Bureau of Health Promotion. A total of 9,106 individuals were included in the analysis. The results reveal that the variations in the level of healthcare information are an important contributory factor to the utilization of cervical cancer screening in Taiwan. Therefore, in addition to providing free screening under the NHI, it is important for the healthcare authorities to place greater effort into strengthening the knowledge and information on cervical cancer screening and Pap-smear testing, for those who are currently less informed, so as to enhance the overall efficiency of the screening program.Health information; Pap-smear testing; Cervical cancer; National Health Insurance; Taiwan
RRS Discovery Cruise 306, 23 Jun-06 Jul 2006. Pelagic biogeochemistry of the PAP Site
No full textThe aim of this cruise was to develop a better understanding of carbon cycling in the pelagic waters of the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP). There were three objectives 1) Turnaround moorings at the PAP Observatory; 2) Conduct a 1-D time series on the central station of a wide range of biogeochemical processes and to back this up with a mesoscale survey of key variables; 3) To trial the use of Autosub for mesoscale surveys in conjunction with the ship. All objectives were met, although the tops of the moorings were found to be missing probably due to fishing activity and the Autosub trials were incomplete due to vehicle failure. A full mesoscale survey was carried out using the ship and an eleven day time series at the central station was achieved
Celtic Explorer Cruise 0716, 19-25 Jun 2007. Time-series observations at the PAP Observatory
No full textThe main objective of this very short cruise was to refurbish the PAP observatory (NE Atlantic), a long term study site at which a variety of observations have been made over the past 20 years with increasing levels of intensity and sophistication. In addition to this a small number of other observations were made and samples collected. In order to increase public awareness of observational oceanography film interviews were carried out and a daily web diary maintained
Pap tests: what do women expect?
No full textBackground
Women express various opinions regarding expectations and experiences of having Pap tests, particularly with regards to explanation of the procedure, its implications and results, and accompanied preventive health activities.
Aim
To explore patient expectations and experiences regarding Pap tests and associated screening activities.
Methods
Semistructured interviews were conducted with volunteer female patients.
Results
Twenty-four women were interviewed. There was variation in expectations regarding consultations for a Pap test, and also of the information given as to what is meant by a 'normal' result. Many women expressed a preference for a female and regular health professional to undertake their smear.
Conclusion
Recognition of general and individual barriers to cervical screening by health professionals will enhance patient access to, and acceptance of, screening activities. Understanding patient expectations regarding Pap tests ensures practitioners deliver health services with sufficient information and without false reassurance
Ileal Mucosal and Fecal Pancreatitis Associated Protein Levels Reflect Severity of Salmonella Inflection in Rats
No full textBackground Microbial infections induce ileal pancreatitis-associated protein/regenerating gene III (PAP/RegIII) mRNA expression. Despite increasing interest, little is known about the PAP/RegIII protein. Therefore, ileal mucosal PAP/RegIII protein expression, localization, and fecal excretion were studied in rats upon Salmonella infection. Results Salmonella infection increased ileal mucosal PAP/RegIII protein levels in enterocytes located at the crypt-villus junction. Increased colonization and translocation of Salmonella was associated with higher ileal mucosal PAP/RegIII levels and secretion of this protein in feces. Conclusions PAP/RegIII protein is increased in enterocytes of the ileal mucosa during Salmonella infection and is associated with infection severity. PAP/RegIII is excreted in feces and might be used as a new and non-invasive infection marke
Poly(A) polymerase (PAP) diversity in gene expression – Star-PAP vs canonical PAP
No full textAbstractAlmost all eukaryotic mRNAs acquire a poly(A) tail at the 3′-end by a concerted RNA processing event: cleavage and polyadenylation. The canonical PAP, PAPα, was considered the only nuclear PAP involved in general polyadenylation of mRNAs. A phosphoinositide-modulated nuclear PAP, Star-PAP, was then reported to regulate a select set of mRNAs in the cell. In addition, several non-canonical PAPs have been identified with diverse cellular functions. Further, canonical PAP itself exists in multiple isoforms thus illustrating the diversity of PAPs. In this review, we compare two nuclear PAPs, Star-PAP and PAPα with a general overview of PAP diversity in the cell. Emerging evidence suggests distinct niches of target pre-mRNAs for the two PAPs and that modulation of these PAPs regulates distinct cellular functions
RSS Discovery Cruise 296, 14-23 Jul 2005. Cork, Eire to Lisbon, Portugal. PAP observatory development
No full textDiscovery cruise 296 was one of a sequence of cruises to the repeat study site on the Porcupine Abyssal Plain, the so called “PAP observatory” at 49°N, 16.5°W. This study site has a water depth of 4800m and has been studied since 1989 from the perspective of the upper water column biogeochemistry, the downward flux of particulate matter and the ecology andbiogeochemistry of the underlying seabed. The site is 300km to the northeast of the location of the JGOFS NABE site that was the focus of an international experiment in 1989. Since 2003 it has formed part of the ANIMATE network of observatories in the Northeast Atlantic. This cruise followed immediately from D295T during which similar work was carried out. This report therefore covers the activity which was common to both cruises as well as that which was only carried out on D296 (Benthic studies).<br/
Effect of pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) on the infection of plant viruses
No full textAt a concentration of 0.4-mu-g purified pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP)/ml, the formation of local lesions on tobacco leaves caused by tobacco mosaic virus infection was completely inhibited and at 25 ng PAP/ml, 68% inhibition was still obtained. PAP protected plants from infection by viruses from seven virus groups-five RNA viruses: tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, alfalfa mosaic virus, potato virus X and potato virus Y; and two DNA viruses: African cassava mosaic virus (ssDNA) and cauliflower mosaic virus (dsDNA). Virus infection was probably blocked by PAP at a very early stage. PAP infiltrated into the intercellular spaces through the lower surfaces of leaves inhibited infection by virus inoculated on the upper leaf surface, and partially prevented PVY transmission by aphids. However, PAP did not show any activity against two bacterial and six fungal pathogens
FS Poseidon Cruise 300/1, 04 Jul - 16 Jul 2003. Biogeochemistry at the Porcupine Abyssal Plain Observatory
No full textThere were two main objectives of this cruise. Both focus on the long term observatory site on the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP) at 49N 16.5W. The first objective was to recover and redeploy various moorings and landers some of whichwere part of the EU funded ANIMATE project. The second objective which contributes to the NERC funded BICEP project was to measure particulate export from the surface layer using a variety of complementary approaches and to characterise the site from a biological and chemical perspective in order to interpret the export data. Almost all of the objectives were successfully achieved
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