3,619 research outputs found
Hedonic pricing models for metropolitan bus services
No full textConventional studies on the pricing of bus services use the cost structure to explain bus fares. In this paper, a hedonic pricing model for bus services in Hong Kong is estimated. The contributions of cost and market factors are uncovered. It is found that the cost factors dominate the determination of bus fares. In contrast to our expectation, bus fares do not react to competition faced by bus companies. Moreover, except the three cross-harbour tunnels, the bus fare has no direct relationship with the tolls of other tunnels. Our model serves well as a reference tool for bus companies to set market-acceptable bus fares.Hedonic Pricing Model, Bus Fares, Kowloon Motor Bus.
Head and facial injuries due to cluster munitions
No full textCluster munitions are weapons that scatter smaller sub-munitions intended to kill or mutilate on impact. They have been used by the Israeli army in the south of Lebanon and are now scattered over wide rural areas affecting its inhabitants. Because of their easily pickable nature, sub-munitions can inflict injuries to the head and face regions. In this study, we aimed to explore the head and face injuries along with their clinical features in a group of Lebanese patients who suffered from such injuries due to a sub-munition's detonation. The study included all the cases reported between 14 August 2006 and 15 February 2013, with head and face injuries related to cluster bombs. Injuries were classified into brain, eye, otologic and auditory impairments, oral and maxillofacial, and skin and soft-tissue injuries. Psychological effects of these patients were also examined as for post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and acute stress syndrome. During the study period, there were 417 casualties as a result of cluster munitions' blasts. Out of the total number of victims, 29 (7 percent) were injured in the head and the face region. The convention on cluster munitions of 2008 should be adhered to, as these inhumane weapons indiscriminately and disproportionately harm innocent civilians, thereby violating the well-established international principles governing conflict and war today. © 2014 Springer-Verlag.American Psychiatric Association, 2013, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, P271; Bandak FA, 1996, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU, P167; Beehner L, 2006, BACKGROUNDER; BRANDVOLD B, 1990, J NEUROSURG, V72, P15, DOI 10.3171-jns.1990.72.1.0015; Bryant K, 2009, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V87, P8; Campbell DG, 2007, J GEN INTERN MED, V22, P711, DOI 10.1007-s11606-006-0101-4; COOPER PR, 1979, NEUROSURGERY, V4, P373; Corbman GR, 1997, ANXIETY DISORDERS CU; Fares Youssef, 2013, J Infect Public Health, V6, P482, DOI 10.1016-j.jiph.2013.05.006; Fares Y, 2013, NEUROL SCI, V34, P2095, DOI 10.1007-s10072-013-1343-7; Fares Y, 2013, NEUROL SCI, V34, P1971, DOI 10.1007-s10072-013-1427-4; Torpy Janet M, 2011, JAMA, V305, P522, DOI 10.1001-jama.305.5.522; GUALTIERI T, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P219, DOI 10.3109-02699059109008093; Hurley RA, 2004, J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N, V16, P1, DOI 10.1176-appi.neuropsych.16.1.1; KAUFMAN HH, 1986, NEUROSURGERY, V18, P689; Mendez CV, 2005, J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N, V17, P297, DOI 10.1176-appi.neuropsych.17.3.297; Muzaffar W, 2000, BRIT J OPHTHALMOL, V84, P626, DOI 10.1136-bjo.84.6.626; RISH BL, 1983, J NEUROSURG, V59, P775, DOI 10.3171-jns.1983.59.5.0775; Sayer NA, 2008, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V89, P163, DOI 10.1016-j.apmr.2007.05.0250
An empirical analysis of Uber fares: Evidence from Madrid
No full textTrabajo presentado en: R-Evolucionando el transporte, XIV Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte (CIT 2021), realizado en modalidad online los días 6, 7 y 8 de julio de 2021, organizado por la Universidad de BurgosRide-hailing is an emerging service that is transforming door to door mobility in urban
areas. Users can easily request a ride through a smartphone app that informs them of the
pickup time, the location of the vehicle, and the fare that they will pay in advance. Even
though it is well know that Uber implements a dynamic pricing approach depending
mostly on supply, demand and competition with other services, there is still little empirical
evidence on the main drivers explaining the fare strategy of the company. Using 10-month
data from the Uber’s Application Programming Interface (API) in the city of Madrid, this
research studies the evolution and trends experienced by Uber fares in terms of several
explanatory variables. It also explores the main differences between Uber and taxi fares.
The results indicate that trip distance, day of the week, origin and destination of the trip,
and rain precipitation have a statistically significant impact on Uber fares. The findings
also show that on average, Uber fares are lower than taxi fares, with the exception of
particular hours of the day. The analysis also demonstrates that Uber fares slightly
decreased during taxi strikes.The authors would like to thank the Comunidad de Madrid (CM), which has funded the project Y2018/EMT-4818 (Co-Mov/CM). The project has been also co-funded by the European FEDER and FSE funds
The risk of the electrical power grid due to natural hazards and recovery challenge following disasters and record floods: What next?
No full textThe electrical power grid is one of the most critical infrastructures (CIs) in many developed and developing countries and must be planned, operated, maintained, and managed to ensure reliable, secure, and resilient service supply. Being coupled to the transport network, water distribution, Internet, food, etc., all are highly mutually dependent, including through information and communication technologies (the so-called cyber-based systems). We examine the threats to the electrical CIs of natural and man-made disasters that cause loss of power systems for several weeks over vast urban or statewide areas, affect many millions, and result in intersystems cascading failures. Key future questions include: how high and reliable to build flooding defenses; how to enhance backup power systems for all CI fail-safe interconnections; and establishing increased investment. What next must and can only be better systems, improved reliability, more effective emergency management, through decision-making guided by quantified risk and resilience of coupled CI. What we have learned from past real events discussed in this chapter has national as well as systems engineering implications
Pain and neurological sequelae of cluster munitions on children and adolescents in South Lebanon
No full textThis paper aims at evaluating the neurological repercussions arising from injuries sustained due to cluster munitions in children up to 18 years in South Lebanon following the 2006 conflict. Data on neurological and pain symptoms suffered during and after treatment because of sub-munitions in South Lebanon from August 2006 till late 2011 were prospectively recorded. Patients were divided into subcategories; children aged 12 and under and adolescents aged between 13 and 18. During the study period, there were 407 casualties, 122 (30 percent) of which were aged 18 years or younger. There were 116 (95 percent) males and six (5 percent) females. Average age was 14 years. 10 (8.2 percent), all males, died as a result of their injuries. 42 (34.4 percent) were children and 80 (65.6 percent) were adolescents. 112 had surgical treatments for their injuries. 83 out of 112 patients (74 percent) with non-lethal injuries had amputations, 67 percent children and 78 percent adolescents. Among those who had amputations, 31 (37.4 percent) suffered from phantom limb pain and 71 percent suffered from stump-residual limb pain. 88 percent of patients were diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (44 percent children and 77 percent adolescents) and 41 percent were diagnosed with post-concussion syndrome. Four patients (3.6 percent) suffered from traumatic brain injuries, both penetrating and closed. Pain syndromes were found in all patients who had amputation. The injury related comorbidities together with many post-concussion syndrome cases, and fewer traumatic brain injuries lead into a high level of physical, psychosocial and economic burdens on the community. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Italia.American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT; [Anonymous], 2011, CHILDR LANDM DEADL L; [Anonymous], 2010, INT CAMP BAN LANDM; Bandak FA, 1996, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU, P167; Beehner L, 2006, CAMPAIGN BAN CLUSTER; Bendinelli C, 2009, WORLD J SURG, V33, P1070, DOI 10.1007-s00268-009-9978-5; Borrie J, 2006, CLUST MUNITIONS, V4, P5; Bouhassira D, 2005, PAIN, V114, P29, DOI 10.1016-j.pain.2004.12.010; Fares Y, 2013, NEUROL SCI, DOI [10.1007-s10072-013-1343-7, DOI 10.1007-S10072-013-1343-7]; Flor H, 1998, EXP BRAIN RES, V119, P205, DOI 10.1007-s002210050334; Jaber H, 2009, CLUSTER BOMBS LEAVE; Kalauokalani DAK, 1999, EPIDEMIOLOGY PAIN, P143; Kooijman CM, 2000, PAIN, V87, P33, DOI 10.1016-S0304-3959(00)00264-5; Ling G, 2009, J NEUROTRAUM, V26, P815, DOI 10.1089-neu.2007.0484; Nixon R, 2007, CULT CRIT, P160; Roth W, 2011, GLOBALIZATIONS; SHERMAN RA, 1980, PAIN, V8, P85, DOI 10.1016-0304-3959(80)90092-5; Walsh NE, 2003, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V81, P665; Watts Hugh G, 2009, J Pediatr Rehabil Med, V2, P217, DOI 10.3233-PRM-2009-0083; Williamson B, 2011, J ERW MINE ACTION, V15, P2921
THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF AIRLINE DEREGULATION ON FEEDER ROUTES IN THE FAR WEST
No full textIn anticipation of the air transportation regulatory reform act, this paper assesses the consequences of deregulating the airline industry. Particular attention is devoted to the impact of deregulation on air fares, travel demand, and flight frequency for relatively short feeder routes connecting small cities and rural centers. On the basis of a sample of routes in the far western states, it appears that deregulation would raise fares on routes shorter than 100 miles while lowering prices on longer trunk routes connecting major metropolitan areas. Flight frequency on particular routes would be curtailed by approximately 28 percent as airlines substituted price competition for non-price rivalry under a new regulatory regime.Public Economics,
Asymptotic expansion of the solution of the steady Stokes equation with variable viscosity in a two-dimensional tube structure
No full textThe Stokes equation with the varying viscosity is considered in a thin tube structure, i.e., in a connected union of thin rectangles with heights of order ɛ < < 1 and with bases of order 1 with smoothened boundary. An asymptotic expansion of the solution is constructed: it contains some Poiseuille type flows in the channels (rectangles) with some boundary layers correctors in the neighborhoods of the bifurcations of the channels. The estimates for the difference of the exact solution and its asymptotic approximation are proved
A general Framework for Characterizing the Behavior of Mobile Learners
No full text@inproceedings{CI-Lancieri-2005-4, author = {Benayoune, Fares and Lancieri, Luigi}, title = {A general Framework for Characterizing the Behavior of Mobile Learners}, booktitle = {IADIS International Conference Mobile Learning (ML2005)}, year = {2005}, address = {Qawra, Malta} }International audienc
MoViTo: a Generic Visualization Tool for Mobility Analysis
No full text@inproceedings{CI-Lancieri-2005-3, author = {Benayoune, Fares and Lancieri, Luigi}, title = {MoViTo: a Generic Visualization Tool for Mobility Analysis}, booktitle = {International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS05), IEEE}, year = {2005}, address = {Siena, Italy} }International audienc
Models of Cooperation in Peer-to-Peer Networks
No full text@inproceedings{CI-Lancieri-2004, author = {Benayoune, Fares and Lancieri, Luigi}, title = {Models of Cooperation in Peer-to-Peer Networks}, booktitle = {international conference Conference on Universal Multiservice Networks (ECUMN04), IEEE}, year = {2004}, address = {Porto, Portugal} }International audienc
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