435 research outputs found
"Apresentaçao"
No full textLo scritto introduce l'edizione, per la prima volta in lingua portoghese, del volume di U. Boccioni "Pittura e scultura futuriste. Dinamismo plastico", realizzato in occasione del I centenario della fondazione del Futurismo di F. T. Marinetti
Lung sonography for the cardiologist
No full textIn the recent years lung sonography has overcome his pioneer phase with the contribution of significant data from authors of different disciplines. Today there is therefore a strong evidence that this diagnostic method could have an important impact for the diagnosis of cardiothoracic symptoms, mainly dyspnea, in emergency or in ambulatory medicine. Since the cardiologist already uses ultrasound for the study of the heart, he or she could consider the integrated cardiopulmonary sonography extremely attractive in this specific context. In this review the authors describe the anatomical, biophysical and clinical basis of lung ultrasonography in a cardiological setting. © 2007 AIM Publishing Srl
Pintura e escultura futuristas (Dinamismo plastico)
No full textA un secolo dalla fondazione del Futurismo viene proposta per la prima volta in lingua portoghese una delle opere più significative di U. Boccioni, grande sodale di F. T. Marinetti
First comes the A, then the B: what we learned from the COVID-19 outbreak
No full textThe SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, which has spread to many countries around the world, has hit Europe particularly hard. From our point of view, in a rural emergency department (with an annual patient census of around 25,000) in northeastern Italy, it is necessary to preserve the hospital and prevent it from becoming an outbreak of infection. In our experience, we reevaluated the negative predictive value of lung ultrasound to rule out lung involvement. Since severe acute respiratory failure appears to be the leading cause of death for COVID-19 patients, it is essential to focus on this clinical feature. We currently believe that a patient suspected of COVID-19, if he has a normal ultrasound examination (a so-called "A-profile"), can be discharged home to continue isolation and be treated without being hospitalized
A dynamic thermoviscoelastic contact problem with the second sound effect
No full textThis paper deals with a contact problem describing the mechanical and thermal
evolution of a damped extensible thermoviscoelastic beam under the Cattaneo law,
relating the heat flux to the gradient of the temperature. The beam is rigidly
clamped at its left end whereas the right end of the beam moves vertically between
reactive stops like a nonlinear spring. Existence and uniqueness of the solution is
proved, as well as the exponential decay of the related energy. Then, fully discrete
approximations are introduced by using the classical finite element method and the
implicit Euler scheme to approximate the spatial variable and to discretize the time
derivatives, respectively. An a priori error estimates result is proved, from which the
linear convergence of the algorithm is deduced. The case where the two stops are
rigid is also studied from the point of view of the existence and longtime behavior
of the solutions. Finally, some numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate
the accuracy of the approximation and the behavior of the solutio
Analysis of Italian Rainfall Data with a Hierarchical Bayesian Space-Time Model
No full textClimate and meteorological data are characterised by many different scales of spatial and temporal variability often in conjunction with non stationarity, anisotropy and quite complicated space-time interactions. Furthermore climate and meteorological studies must be carried out on large amount of data, often coming from different sources, in order to capture long and short term dependencies, large and small scale spatial effects. All this leads to severe computational problems and the need for the development of complex ad hoc models. Furthermore, for this reason, meteorologists are often constrained to apply potentially unrealistic simplifying assumptions in order to adopt standard statistical models. This kind of models, generally, assume spatial data to be temporally independent and spatial structure not varying over time (separable covariance structure) to estimate the spatial correlation structure and it do not consider the temporal dynamic of the process and the temporal correlation as a function of the spatial domain (Royle, 2000). These limitations can severely affect the estimates quality and the efficiency of traditional space-time statistical models and methods. Alternative models are relatively easy to formulate in the traditional LMM or GLMM frameworks, but a lack of understanding of the underlying processes and the “curse of dimensionality” make the implementation of these models challenging (Wikle et al., 2002). The Bayesian framework represents a natural way to analyse spatio-temporal data and it gives the concrete possibility to overcome the afore mentioned limits (Berliner, Levine and Shea, 2000). In particular, the hierarchical Bayesian space-time modelling approach allows to deal with space-time dependence and interactions by modelling all the relevant process component in several stages. Such models become feasible to implement in high dimensions. Several recent example of Bayesian hierarchical models are present in the literature: for an extensive review see Huang et al., 2007, Benerjee, Carlin and Gelfand, 2004, Wikle et al. 2003 and Wikle, 2000. In this paper we consider a hierarchical Bayesian space-time model, proposed in Wikle, Berliner and Cressie, 1998, to treat monthly rainfall data related to the Italian area and collected between January 2003 and December 2006. The choice of such model is strictly related to the own features of the precipitation process. It’s fairly well known that precipitation process involves complicated spatial structure, temporal structure and spatio-temporal interactions and that the interest of meteorologist are properly in the understanding the behaviour of this process features in order to build prediction maps or hydrological balance equations and so on. These considerations combined with the further necessity of working with a large dataset don’t allow the use of standard statistical approaches and can be more effectively treated in the hierarchical Bayesian space-time modelling approach. Indeed the chosen model allows us to provide a mechanism for combining data from very different sources; to incorporate physical knowledge and background science in the model development and in the specifications of priors on model parameters; to provide posterior distributions of quantities of interest which can be used for scientific inference strategy and to work with very large datasets. These advantages are reached by the model specification through the following five hierarchical levels: 1) the measurement process, as the precipitation process plus an error term; 2) the large and small scales features, incorporated as a linear combination of three sources of variation: time, space and space-time interaction; 3) model parameters: each of these sources are then represented according to physical knowledge; 4 and 5) priors on parameters and hyperpriors are specified respectively in the fourth and fifth stage to complete the model specification. In Particular in the second stage one can decompose the precipitation process into three meaningful components letting the meteorologist to be able to understand and measure how the rainfall is determined by the spatial effect, by the temporal seasonality and by the space-time interactions too. In this stage, the pure spatial and temporal effect describe the well known climate effect whereas the dynamical short time and small spatial scale effect can be easily interpreted as the weather contribution. In this way the rainfall amount in a given site depends on its spatial location and on which period it has been observed as a consequence of the climate effect but it surely depends also on what had happened in the neighbouring sites and previously in time, in other words on the weather contribution. The estimation of such flexible model is obtain through a complex and computer intensive MCMC procedure. Moreover many of the advances in hierarchical Bayesian spatio-temporal modelling have been properly due to the application of the recent MCMC techniques to the Bayesian theory (Wikle et al., 2002). The aim of the present work is to estimate and to understand the spatial and the temporal large scale features (climate effect) of the precipitation process and to isolate them from the spatio-temporal ones (weather effect) for the Italian area. The obtained information are, in a further step, used to obtain predictions maps. The computations are developed by the authors using the R software environment (Development Core Team, 2007)
Should the Stethoscope Auscultation Be Routine Practice in the Evaluation of the Acutely Breathless Patient? No
No full textNarrativas de mulheres a partir do mundo da vida
No full text“O mundo da vida, outro mundo do mundo, conserva a distinção [de sentido e não sentido] como um a priori puramente formal e, por isso, é justo sustentar que, nele, estão contidas todas as possibilidades . toda a ordem e toda a desordem do mundo. Qualquer um que se disponha a ouvir as vozes que vêm aquelas profundezas caóticas deve acertar as contas com o limite que ele mesmo impõe. O limite é a linguagem. Que é idêntica ao mundo: por isso que se pode pensar em uma limitação mais drástica e em um silenciar mais profundo, para além do limite” (S. Givone, Il bilbliotecario di Leibniz, Einaudi 2005).
É assim que Sergio Givone introduz a distinção entre linguagem-mundo e mundo da vida, em que a vida é expressa como um oceano infinito e silencioso. E continua: .Também são águas agitadas, aquelas. Em contínuo movimento. As ondas deste oceano tocam as margens da linguagem-mundo e redefinem os seus contornos. Agitação [...] é o incessante trabalho da erosão e da recomposição do limite. Mas agitação também é a impossibilidade de manter o limite. Então, por que as narrativas? Porque, embora também sejam uma articulação da linguagem-mundo, elas não temem conservar a inquietude que agita o mundo da vida. Apenas a arte pode restituir, através das suas narrativas, a dimensão sentimental da existência, criando fendas sobre o movimento aberto e infinito que é a própria vida, e nos induzir a reinventar constantemente o mundo. Neste incessante processo de estruturação das formas, o homem
é parte mais ou menos ativa conforme a sua sensibilidade estética. Quer dizer, de acordo com a sua capacidade de acessar e conviver com a inquietude, de se fazer artista de uma nova combinação. Ao lógos da linguagem-mundo, o mundo da vida conjuga, então, o mýthos, mais problemático e, por isso, mais explicativo, mesmo que nem sempre traduzível em termos de coerência lógica. A narrativa explica, mas também consola do insuprimível silêncio. Une e compensa. É um instrumento de elaboração identitária, individual e coletiva. Assegura, para isso, que o passado não será esquecido e que a possibilidade futura não deixará de ser vislumbrada. O contar histórias proporciona o tempo para a vida, (entre)tendo o tempo do mundo. O mundo da vida é linguagem e narrativa. É uma estrutura certa, mas aberta à inquietude da incerteza, que é a possibilidade de modificação, embora arriscada. Se a linguagem - da filosofia de Wittgenstein em diante - identifica o limite do mundo, à história corresponde a impossibilidade de manter este limite rígido. É bem verdade que este raciocínio não está longe de um pensamento sobre o direito e da ambição pela medida que o direito traz consigo. O direito, entre as instituições do mundo, é a maior responsável por responder às exigências da vida, desde aquelas puramente ligadas à sobrevivência até aquelas ditadas pelo universo das relações. Certamente, o mundo da vida contempla tanto o ius e a lex quanto o não-direito, mas é precisamente nesta juridicité , na qual reside a possibilidade de observar as articulações do direito e do nãodireito também como histórias jurídicas . que se deve buscar a matriz passional da extensão da sua inquietude. A consciência disso induz a desconstruir criticamente muitas das convicções que sustentaram o pensamento ocidental moderno . que hoje chegou à deriva ., reavaliando outras possibilidades de inteligência que se atenham a perspectivas futuras, na observação do mundo da vida, como da vida no direito e através do direito. Pouco importa que tais perspectivas sejam consideradas científicas no sentido mais ou menos ortodoxo. Do nosso singelo ponto de vista, é suficiente o fato de que estudiosos de muitas disciplinas especializadas que se ocupam do direito . como ordenamento positivo, mas também como ele espontaneamente emerge do tecido social . estejam interpretando-o, cada vez mais, como uma linguagem entre outras e comecem a levar em conta também o não-direito, precisamente porque ele é um silêncio rumoroso da vida que se impõe escutar. Um silêncio que é o mesmo que reside nas escolhas trágicas que o direito deve fazer. Mais que a certificação de ciência, portanto, nos interessa percorrer um caminho com o método rigoroso de quem pode contemplar também as feridas da lucidez, para satisfazer as exigências de uma compreensão capaz de sugerir possilidades para a vida
Correlation and Agreement Between the CO2 Gap Obtained From Peripheral Venous Blood and From Mixed Venous Blood in Mechanically Ventilated Septic Patients
No full textBackground: Venous-arterial CO2 difference (Pv-aCO2) is a valuable marker that can identify a subset of patients in shock with inadequate cardiac output to meet tissue metabolic requirements. Some authors have found that Pv-aCO2 levels calculated from mixed vs central venous blood demonstrate a linear relationship. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a linear relationship between Pv-aCO2 obtained with peripheral venous blood (Pv-aCO2p) and with mixed venous blood, and the agreement between the 2 measures. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, observational clinical study enrolling mechanically ventilated patients in septic shock during the first 24 hours following admission to the intensive care unit. Results: The Bravais–Pearson r-coefficient between Pv-aCO2 and Pv-aCO2p was.70 in 38 determinations (95%CI.48-.83; P-value = 1.25 x 10^-6). The Bland–Altman bias was 4.11 mmHg (95%CI 2.82–5.39), and the repeatability coefficient was 11.05. Using the Taffe approach, the differential and proportional biases were 2.81 (95%CI.52–5.11) and 1.29 (95%CI.86–1.72), respectively. Conclusion: There was linear correlation between Pv-aCO2p and Pv-aCO2 in mechanically ventilated patients with septic shock. The bias showed a gradual increase in high Pv-aCO2 values in an upward trend
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