371 research outputs found
Forms of Supply of Raw Materials in the Craft Textile System and Strategies of Social Reproduction Among Craftswomen of the Patagonian Steppe
No full textFil: Capretti, María R. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Capretti, María R. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro; ArgentinaFil: Capretti, María R. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio; ArgentinaWith the focus on the craft textile production in Patagonia, and from an ethnographic description, we will study the supply routes of raw materials (wool fleeces) for manual fiber spinning, from a group of artisans associated with the Mercado de la Estepa, in the rural area of the Province of Río Negro, Argentina. Although the Patagonian territory is characterized by a large number of sheep, and Argentina is one of the main wool regions of the world, the orientation of the fiber market towards exports limits access to inputs in craft textile production. In this context, those who dedicate themselves to this task, as a complement to their family income, must implement various reproductive strategies, individual and collective, mediated and stressed by various reciprocities, in order to ensure access to certain resources. Specifically, we will analyze the limitations around the conservation of creole sheeps and access to their fiber, taking the case of the sheep locally called Linca.trueCon foco en la producción textil artesanal en Patagonia, y desde una descripción etnográfica, se abordarán las vías de aprovisionamiento de materias primas (vellones de lana) para el hilado manual de la fibra, desde un grupo de artesanas, asociadas al Mercado de la Estepa, en la zona rural de la Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina. Pese a que el territorio patagónico se caracteriza por contar con una gran cantidad de ovinos, y ser Argentina una de las principales regiones laneras del mundo, la orientación del mercado de fibras hacia la exportación limita el acceso a insumos en la producción textil artesanal. En este contexto, quienes se dedican a esta tarea, como complemento de sus ingresos familiares, deben implementar diversas estrategias de reproducción, individuales y colectivas, mediadas y tensionadas por diversas reciprocidades, con el objeto de asegurarse el acceso a ciertos recursos. Específicamente, se analizarán las limitaciones alrededor de la conservación de ovinos criollos y del acceso a su fibra, tomando el caso de la oveja localmente denominada Linca
Diplodia sapinea: the main fungal species involved in the colonization of pine shoots in Italy
No full textDamage to various forest tree species caused by Diplodia sapinea has been reported in Italy since the early 20th century. However, until recently, systematic characterization of this microorganism, based on DNA sequence data, has been limited with only a general description of the fungus in the majority of the reports. To address this and provide a more accurate identification of Diplodia species associated on pine in Italy, we examined a total of 88 Botryosphaeriaceae isolates obtained from symptomatic and asymptomatic material from different
hosts located in different geographical regions of Italy. Using molecular analysis, we were able to identify 67 isolates of D. sapinea and eight isolates of D. seriata. Diplodia sapinea was dominant on P. nigra shoots and was also detected on P. halepensis, P. pinea, P. pinaster, P. radiata and P. sylvestris, while D. seriata and other Botryosphaeriaceae appeared to be only occasionally present on shoots. The remaining 13 isolates represented nine different Botryosphaeriaceae species, occurring at low levels. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) based on DAMD-PCR profiles detected low significant differences among D. sapinea isolates from the different sampling areas throughout Ital
Todas tenemos distintas maneras de hilar. Etnografía sobre el circuito productivo del hilado artesanal en la estepa rionegrina
No full textFil: Capretti, María R.. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Andina; Argentina.El desarrollo de este trabajo se orienta a abordar, desde una perspectiva etnográfica, el circuito productivo del hilado artesanal, realizado por hilanderas e hilanderos, vinculados al mercado de la Estepa, una asociación civil ubicada en la localidad de Dina Huapi, Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina. Se limita el análisis al hilo realizado con lana de oveja, en particular, de los ovinos denominados "Linca". El trabajo se llevó adelante en la estepa patagónica, en la zona rural de la provincia, conocida como "Línea Sur".The development of this work is oriented to approach, from an ethnographic perspective, the productive circuit of artisanal spinning, made by spinners, linked to the market of Estepa, a civil association located in the town of Dina Huapi, Province of Río Negro, Argentina. The analysis is limited to the yarn made with sheep wool, in particular, of the sheep called "Linca". The work was carried out in the Patagonian steppe, in the rural area of the province, known as "Línea Sur"
A Concurrent Microworld
No full textthis paper we propose a micro-world based on the Logo programming philosophy: the user may program interacting entities through a language that integrates the Logo turtles primitives with constructs to co-ordinate and synchronise concurrent agents. The power of this system is allowing a decentralised way of modelling the world: a creature has "conscience" of itself and interacts with the surrounding environment in explicit way using communication primitives. This approach is different, for instance, from that of the StarLogo system (Resnick 1990) where a turtle is view as part of a community
Prolyl-isomerase-1 (pin1) mediates hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, endothelial function and vascular inflammation: insights in patients with type 2 diabetes
No full textPurpose: Prolyl-isomerase-1 (Pin1) regulates function of protein substrates through isomerization of peptide bonds that link phosphoserine or phosphothreonine to proline. Pin1 triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammation in human cancer. Whether Pin1 is involved in cardiovascular disease remains largely unknown. This study investigates the role of Pin1 in diabetes-related vascular dysfunction.
Methods: Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were exposed to normal (NG, 5mmol/L) or high glucose concentrations (HG, 25 mmol/L) in the presence or in the absence of Pin1 pharmacological inhibitor Juglone or siRNA-mediated knockdown. Diabetes was induced in C57/B6 male mice (aged 4-6 months) by streptozocin and animals were treated i.v. with Pin1 siRNA or Juglone i.p for 30 days. Endothelial function was assessed by dose-response curve with acetylcoline. Protein expression was assessed by immunoblotting. Mitochondrial ROS were measured by ESR spectroscopy. Immunoprecipitation was performed to show the interaction of Pin1 with phosphorylated p66Shc and NFkB subunit p65. In parallel, Pin1 gene expression was assessed in peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) of 30 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and 18 healthy age-matched controls and correlated with flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, urinary 8-isoprostaglandinF2α (8-isoPGF2α) as a marker of oxidative stress, and plasma adhesion molecules VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and MCP-1.
Results: Pin1 expression markedly increased in HAECs exposed to HG (289±22% vs NG, p<0.01) and aortas of diabetic mice (216±32% vs controls, p<0.05). Immunoprecipitation showed that Pin1 recognizes phosphoserine motifs of the pro-oxidant mitochondrial adaptor p66Shc as well as NFkB subunit p65. Interestingly, Juglone or Pin1siRNA prevented p66Shc-induced ROS production and suppressed upregulation of adhesion molecules VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 via inhibition of p65 nuclear translocation. In vivo knockdown of Pin1 or Juglone in diabetic mice protected against hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction, ROS production and vascular inflammation. Of note, Pin1 mRNA was significantly upregulated in PBM of T2DM patients as compared with healthy controls (370±97 vs. 25±28, p<0.01) and correlated with glycated haemoglobin (r=0.44, p<0.05), FMD (r=-0.36,p<0.01), urinary 8-isoPGF2α (r=0.39, p<0.05), as well as VCAM-1 (r=0.56, p<0.05) and ICAM-1 (r=0.53, p<0.05).
Conclusions: This study shows for the first time that Pin1 may critically contribute to oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes
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