4 research outputs found
Impact of social cultural factors on Purchase intention of counterfeit mobile phones
No full textAbstract: Counterfeit consumption has been on an upsurge globally aided by comparative higher trade margins and increasing demand for renowned brands at lower prices. Social cultural factors have been found to play a major role in the growth of the trade as they influence the intention hence purchase of such goods. Findings on what motivates this trade are not yet not conclusive, necessitating further study. The objective of this study therefore was to investigate the effect of social cultural factors on the purchase intention of counterfeit mobile phones. The study applied an explanatory research design among university students, with a target population of 500 drawn from young and middle generations within universities in Kenya.
A well-structured questionnaire with a 5 point Likert scale was used as the data collection tool and simple random methods used to collect the data. Cronbach’s alpha was used to test for the instrument reliability. The study adopted positivism research paradigm to collect data from the target population. Excluding missing data and outliers from the 500 students sampled, data collected from 450 respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics analysis in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to determine the relationship of social cultural factors and purchase intention with the significance of the relationship being tested at 95% confidence level (P=0.05). The results revealed that Social cultural factors have positive and significant effect (ꞵ=0.579, r2 = 0.332, P<0.05) on consumer purchase intention towards counterfeit mobile phone among the young and middle aged generations in Kenya. This study will help government agencies to understand some new ways to combat the illicit trade as well as mobile phone marketers who will devise ways to fight against the unfair competition posed by fake products.
Keywords: purchase intention, social cultural factors, counterfeits.
Title: Impact of social cultural factors on Purchase intention of counterfeit mobile phones
Author: B.M. Muia, R. Bonuke, C. Lagat
International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations
ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)
Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022
Page No: 65-74
Research Publish Journals
Website: www.researchpublish.com
Published date: 23-April-2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6479199
Direct Download link (Source): https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/impact-of-social-cultural-factors-on-purchase-intention-of-counterfeit-mobile-phonesResearch Publish Journals (Publisher), Website: www.researchpublish.com, International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, ISSN 2348-7585 (Online
Moderating Effect of Competitive Intensity on the Relationship Between Human Capital and Competitive Advantage of Regional Airlines Operating from Kenya
No full textRegional airlines operating from Kenya face significant challenges in maintaining their competitive advantage due to intense competition from domestic and international carriers, particularly European and Middle Eastern airlines, which dominate the Kenyan airspace. Therefore, the current study examined the moderating effect of competitive intensity on the relationship between human capital and competitive advantage of airlines in Kenya. The study was informed by human capital theory. The study adopted an explanatory research design, targeting 764 employees from 10 IATA-accredited airlines in Kenya, with a sample size of 263 determined using Yamane's formula. The data was analyzed through inferential statistics. The model fitness results showed that the interaction between human capital and competitive intensity significantly explains 64.9% of the variations in competitive advantage, as indicated by the R-square value of 0.649. The regression results indicated that the interaction between human capital and competitive intensity has a positive and significant impact on competitive advantage. The study concludes that competitive intensity significantly moderates the relationship between human capital and competitive advantage of regional airlines operating from Kenya, with the impact of human capital becoming stronger in highly competitive environments. The study recommends that regional airlines operating from Kenya should prioritize human capital development as a key strategic objective, particularly in highly competitive markets. Airlines should focus on enhancing employee capabilities, promoting skill development, and fostering a culture of continuous learning and improvement, while also considering the level of competitive intensity in their strategic human capital management decisions.
Keywords: Human capital, competitive advantage, regional airlines, Keny
INFLUENCE OF COST LEADERSHIP PROCUREMENT STRATEGY ON PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA
No full textPurpose: The study aims at providing insights on procurement competitive strategies used by manufacturing firms in Kenya to achieve competitiveness and increase their performance.
Methodology: The study will adopt the explanatory research design. The study targeted population of 766 procurement managers from manufacturing firms in Kenya. The Yamane\u27s formula was used to compute a sample size of 264 procurement managers. Stratified, simple random and purposive sampling was used to select respondents. Questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Content validity of the instrument was determined by the researcher using expert judgment. Cronbach\u27s Coefficient Alpha will be used to determine the reliability of the research instrument. The data was coded and entered in the computer for analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to determine relationship between cost leadership procurement strategies and firm performance.
Results: The study findings depicted that there was a significant positive relationship between cost leadership and performance of manufacturing firms (r=0.245, p-value=0.00). From the regression model, (R2 = .053) shows that cost leadership account for 5.3% variation in performance of manufacturing firms. There was a positive significant relationship between cost leadership and performance of manufacturing firms (β=0.231 and p value<0.05).
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The researcher recommends that the manufacturing firms should adopt cost leadership procurement strategy. The manufacturing firms pay attention to cheap sources of raw materials and other value chain management practices that result in reduction of cost.
Keyword: Cost leadership, procurement strategy, performance, manufacturing firms, Keny
Annickia affinis Versteegh & Sosef, Syst. & Geogr. Pl. 77 (1): 95 2007
No full textAnnickia affinis (Exell) Versteegh & Sosef, Syst. & Geogr. Pl. 77(1): 95, 2007 Figs 5, 7; Map 1B ≡ Enantia affinis Exell, J. Bot. 64, Suppl.: 9, 1926. Enantia chlorantha soyauxii = Enantia chlorantha (Oliv.) Setten & Maas var. soyauxii Engl. & Diels, Monogr. Afrik. Pflanzen.-Fam. 6: 70 1901. Type. Gabon. Estuaire, Munda, Sibange Farm, Soyaux H. 125, 21 Sep 1880: lectotype, designated by Versteegh and Sosef (2007), p. 95: B n.v.; isolectotypes: K[K001208605]; P[P00267979]. Type. Angola. Cabinda, Munze, ring at Buco Zau, Gossweiler J. 6675, 11 Sep 1916: holotype K[not seen]: isotypes: BM[BM000547034]; COI[COI00004913]; LISC[LISC000073, LISC000072, LISC000075, LISC000074]. Description. Tree, 3-30 m tall, d.b.h. 3-50 cm; stilt roots or buttresses absent, slash yellow. Indumentum of simple, bifid and fasciculate hairs; old leafless branches glabrous, young foliate branches sparsely pubescent. Leaves: petiole 2-8 mm long, 1-2 mm in diameter, sparsely pubescent, grooved, blade inserted on the side of the petiole; blade 3.5-26 cm long, 1.5-9.5 cm wide, elliptic to obovate, apex acuminate to acute, acumen 1 cm long, base narrowly cuneate to shortly attenuate, coriaceous to subcoriaceous, below pubescent when young and old with simple or bifid hairs pointing towards the leaf apex, above sparsely pubescent when young and old, concolorous; midrib sunken or flat, above sparsely pubescent to glabrous when young and old, below pubescent when young and old; secondary veins 8 to 13 pairs, sparsely pubescent below; tertiary venation reticulate. Individuals bisexual; inflorescences ramiflorous on old or young foliate branches, leaf opposed or extra axillary. Flowers with 6 perianth parts in 2 whorls, 1 per inflorescence; pedicel 7-14 mm long, 1-2 mm in diameter, pubescent; in fruit 27 mm long, 2-3 mm in diameter, pubescent; bracts 1-2, basal and one upper towards the middle of pedicel, ca. 4 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide; sepals 3, valvate, free, 7 mm long, ca. 4 mm wide, triangular, apex acute, base truncate, green, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, margins flat; petals free; outer petals absent; inner petals 3, valvate, 15-33 mm long, 5-15 mm wide, ovate to inversely Y-shaped ridged, apex acute, base broad and concave, greenish yellow, margins flat, pubescent outside, glabrous inside; stamens 110 to 175, in 5 to 6 rows, 2-4 mm long, linear; connective tongue shaped, glabrous, yellow; staminodes absent; carpels free, 35 to 70, ovary 3-4 mm long, stigma lobed, pubescent. Monocarps stipitate, stipes 10-40 mm long, 1-2 mm in diameter; monocarps 3 to 34, 20-35 mm long, 9-14 mm in diameter, ellipsoid to obovoid, apex sometimes mucronate, sparsely pubescent, smooth, glossy, black when ripe; seed 1, ca. 30 mm long, ca. 10 mm in diameter, ellipsoid; aril absent. Distribution. From Nigeria (one collection) to the Republic of Congo and the extreme west of the Democratic Republic of Congo; in Cameroon known from the East, South, Littoral, Center and South-West regions. Habitat. A very common species; in lowland rain forests in primary and secondary habitats. Altitude 50-650 m a.s.l. Local and common names known in Cameroon. Bololo, Bonuke, Bunuku bolobo (dial. Duala); Bululu, Mfo, Pobalo, Ufol, Moabé (dials. Ewondo, Bulu); M’Fo, Mofo, Mpuley (dial. Mab Kwasio, Foury 113, Service Forestier du Cameroun 84, Bates 1959); N’jie (Dials. Duala, Punu); Ogowa (Punguegaloa, De Wilde 8492); Moabi jaune (French); évué (dial. Bibaya, Baka). IUCN conservation status. Least Concern (LC) (Cosiaux et al. 2019a). Uses in Cameroon. medicine: bark as a malaria prophylaxis; construction: house building, furniture; dyes and tannins: as a yellow dye (Versteegh and Sosef 2007). Notes. Annickia affinis is distinguished by having overall glabrous branches and petioles and the lower side of the leaf blades which is sparsely pubescent with simple or bifid hairs pointing in the same direction. Annickia affinis is morphologically close to A. chlorantha from which it is distinguished by having a glabrous upper midrib surface (versus pilose in A. chlorantha). In addition, A. chlorantha has few simple hairs pointing in different directions combined with smaller bifid or trifid hairs. Annickia affinis is the most common species of Annickia and is generally found as a young plant in secondary forest, or as an adult in older secondary or primary forests. For a long time (and still now) Annickia affinis was confused with A. chlorantha (or even Enantia chlorantha), but the latter name is attributed to a different and rarer species (Versteegh and Sosef 2007). Thus, most literature refers to the old name A. (Enantia) Enantia chlorantha when referring to A. affinis (the common and widespread species). Previous reports of A. chlorantha outside Nigeria and Cameroon (e.g. Gabon) refer to A. affinis. Selected specimens examined. Central Region: near Ebolbom village 3 km est of Ngoumou 2 km north west of Otélé, 3.59°N, 11.28°E, 02 May 2013, Couvreur T.L.P. 426 (WAG,YA); Ottotomo Forest Reserve 3 km after reserve base near small loggers road, 3.66°N, 11.28°E, 02 May 2013, Couvreur T.L.P. 437 (WAG,YA); Mefou Proposed National Park, 3.62°N, 11.57°E, 15 March 2004, Etuge M. 5139 (K,YA); Mbam Minkom, 3.96°N, 11.36°E, 19 September 2013, Kamdem N. 143 (YA); Nguila 1, 4.77°N, 11.75°E, 30 April 2017, Kamdem N. 521 (YA); Colline entre Tcherikoy et Sokelle II (30 km NW Eséka), 3.78°N, 10.96°E, 14 December 1973, Letouzey R. 12361 (P,YA). East Region: 77 km south of Yokadouma 30 km after Ngato 15 km after river ALPICAM 'base de vie’ then 40 km on forestry road starting 4 km before Maséa village, 3.15°N, 14.72°E, 05 March 2019, Couvreur T.L.P. 1203 (MPU,WAG,YA); Deng Deng, 5.21°N, 13.44°E, 19 April 2016, Kamdem N. 422 (YA); 16 km E de Dimako, 4.38°N, 13.57°E, 15 December 1965, Leeuwenberg A.J.M. 7355 (BR,K,MO,P,PHA,WAG,YA); 15 km E of Dimako, 4.38°N, 13.57°E, 08 February 1966, Leeuwenberg A.J.M. 7787 (BR,C,K,MO,P,WAG,YA); Route Mintom I (70 km E de Djoum)- Alati (100 km SE de Djoum)-PK 63, 2.83°N, 13.35°E, 01 January 1973, Letouzey R. 11751 (P,YA). Littoral Region: Ebo Wildlife Reserve Djuma permanent camp On Djuma-Djuma trail, 4.33°N, 10.24°E, 14 February 2014, Couvreur T.L.P. 621 (WAG,YA); Mambe Massif above Boga village 100 km along road from Yaoundé to Ed 3.90°N, 10.77°E, 20 June 2014, Couvreur T.L.P. 657 (WAG,YA). South Region: Ebolowa, 2.96°N, 11.28°E, 01 January 1925, Bates G.L. 1959 (BM,BR,MO); on road Lolodorf-Bipindi ca half way near Mbiguiligui village (Mbikiliki), 3.16°N, 10.53°E, 26 February 2018, Couvreur T.L.P. 1153 (P,WAG,YA); 22 km east from Lélé village, 3.26°N, 10.10°E, 07 September 2013, Couvreur T.L.P. 469 (WAG,YA); ca 15 km east from Lélé village, 2.26°N, 13.29°E, 09 September 2013, Couvreur T.L.P. 492 (WAG,YA); Campo Ma’an National Park 11 km on trail from Ebinanemeyong village on road 7 km from Nyabessan to Campo town, 2.47°N, 10.33°E, 11 February 2015, Couvreur T.L.P. 671 (WAG,YA); A 6 km à l’ouest de Masea (village situé à 50 km au SSW de Yokadouma), 3.14°N, 14.86°E, 05 July 1963, Letouzey R. 5412 (P,YA); Campo-Ma’an area road Nko-elon-Mvini Akok Beryat rock, 2.36°N, 10.25°E, 30 June 2001, van Andel T.R. 3784 (KRIBI,WAG,YA); Bipindi, 3.08°N, 10.42°E, 01 January 1909, Zenker G.A. 3839 (BM,BR,K,MO,P). South-West Region: Ekundu Kundu, 5.15°N, 8.883°E, 30 April 1996, Cheek M. 8297 (K,WAG,YA); Mungo river forest reserve North of Kumba-Tombel road entered ca 05 km West of Mungo bridge, 4.73°N, 9.55°E, 24 October 1998, Cheek M. 9354 (YA); Foot of Nyale Rock, 4.98°N, 9.616°E, 17 November 1998, Cheek M. 9654 (K,YA); on trail through palm oil plantation 3 km before lava flow and Seme Beach hotel when coming from Limbe, 4.05°N, 9.076°E, 18 October 2013, Couvreur T.L.P. 519 (WAG,YA); Kupe village to Loum State Forest, 4.73°N, 9.716°E, 30 May 1996, Etuge M. 2049 (K,WAG,YA); Nyale forest and rock, 5°N, 9.633°E, 15 February 1998, Etuge M. 4235 (K,YA); Edensueh forest, 5.25°N, 9.576°E, 30 November 2000, Etuge M. 4850 (K); Kumba-Mbonge road 500 m W of Meme River bridge between Bole and Mabonji, 4.55°N, 9.25°E, 07 July 1986, Thomas D.W. 6327 (MO); Baro village, 5.27°N, 9.21°E, 03 March 1988, Thomas D.W. 7494 (K,MO,P,WAG).Published as part of Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. & Sonke, Bonaventure, 2022, Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45, pp. 1-532 in PhytoKeys 207 on pages 31-33, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.207.6143
