404 research outputs found
Influence of hydration on segmental chain librations and dynamical transition in lipid bilayers
No full textContinuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of chain-labeled phospholipids is used to investigate the effects of hydration on the librational oscillations and the dynamical transition of phospholipid membranes in the low-temperature range 120–270 K. Bilayers of dipalmitoylphostatidiycholine (DPPC) spin-labeled at the first acyl chain segments and at the methyl ends and prepared at full, low, and very low hydration are considered. The segmental mean-square angular amplitudes of librations, 〈α2〉, are larger in the bilayer interior than at the polar/apolar interface and larger in the fully and low hydrated than in the very low hydrated membranes. For chain segments at the beginning of the hydrocarbon region, 〈α2〉-values are markedly restricted and temperature independent in DPPC with the lowest water content, whereas they increase with temperature in the low and fully hydrated bilayers, particularly at the highest temperatures. For chain segments at the chain termini, the librational amplitudes increase progressively, first slowly and then more rapidly with temperature in bilayers at any level of hydration. From the temperature dependence of the mean-square librational amplitude, the dynamical transition is detected around 240 K at the polar/apolar interface in fully and low hydrated DPPC and at around 225 K at the inner hydrocarbon region for bilayers at any hydration condition. At the dynamical transition the bilayers cross low energy barriers of activation energy in the range 10–20 kJ/mol. The results highlight biophysical properties of DPPC bilayers at low-temperature and provide evidence of the effects of the hydration on the dynamical transition in bilayers
Librational Dynamics of Spin-Labeled Membranes at Cryogenic Temperatures From Echo-Detected ED-EPR Spectra
No full textMethods of electron spin echo of pulse electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy are increasingly employed to investigate biophysical properties of nitroxide-labeled biosystems at cryogenic temperatures. Two-pulse echo-detected ED-spectra have proven to be valuable tools to describe the librational dynamics in the low-temperature phases of both lipids and proteins in membranes. The motional parameter, [Formula: see text] , given by the product of the mean-square angular amplitude, [Formula: see text] , and the rotational correlation time, [Formula: see text] , of the motion, is readily determined from the nitroxide ED-spectra as well as from the W-relaxation rate curves. An independent evaluation of [Formula: see text] is obtained from the motionally averaged (14)N-hyperfine splitting separation in the continuous wave cw-EPR spectra. Finally, the rotational correlation time [Formula: see text] can be estimated by combining ED- and cw-EPR data. In this mini-review, results on the librational dynamics in model and natural membranes are illustrated
ELKI Multi-View Clustering Data Sets Based on the Amsterdam Library of Object Images (ALOI)
No full textThese data sets were originally created for the following publications: M. E. Houle, H.-P. Kriegel, P. Kröger, E. Schubert, A. Zimek Can Shared-Neighbor Distances Defeat the Curse of Dimensionality? In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (SSDBM), Heidelberg, Germany, 2010. H.-P. Kriegel, E. Schubert, A. Zimek Evaluation of Multiple Clustering Solutions In 2nd MultiClust Workshop: Discovering, Summarizing and Using Multiple Clusterings Held in Conjunction with ECML PKDD 2011, Athens, Greece, 2011. The outlier data set versions were introduced in: E. Schubert, R. Wojdanowski, A. Zimek, H.-P. Kriegel On Evaluation of Outlier Rankings and Outlier Scores In Proceedings of the 12th SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM), Anaheim, CA, 2012. They are derived from the original image data available at https://aloi.science.uva.nl/ The image acquisition process is documented in the original ALOI work: J. M. Geusebroek, G. J. Burghouts, and A. W. M. Smeulders, The Amsterdam library of object images, Int. J. Comput. Vision, 61(1), 103-112, January, 2005 Additional information is available at: https://elki-project.github.io/datasets/multi_view The following views are currently available: Feature type Description Files Object number Sparse 1000 dimensional vectors that give the true object assignment objs.arff.gz RGB color histograms Standard RGB color histograms (uniform binning) aloi-8d.csv.gz aloi-27d.csv.gz aloi-64d.csv.gz aloi-125d.csv.gz aloi-216d.csv.gz aloi-343d.csv.gz aloi-512d.csv.gz aloi-729d.csv.gz aloi-1000d.csv.gz HSV color histograms Standard HSV/HSB color histograms in various binnings aloi-hsb-2x2x2.csv.gz aloi-hsb-3x3x3.csv.gz aloi-hsb-4x4x4.csv.gz aloi-hsb-5x5x5.csv.gz aloi-hsb-6x6x6.csv.gz aloi-hsb-7x7x7.csv.gz aloi-hsb-7x2x2.csv.gz aloi-hsb-7x3x3.csv.gz aloi-hsb-14x3x3.csv.gz aloi-hsb-8x4x4.csv.gz aloi-hsb-9x5x5.csv.gz aloi-hsb-13x4x4.csv.gz aloi-hsb-14x5x5.csv.gz aloi-hsb-10x6x6.csv.gz aloi-hsb-14x6x6.csv.gz Color similiarity Average similarity to 77 reference colors (not histograms) 18 colors x 2 sat x 2 bri + 5 grey values (incl. white, black) aloi-colorsim77.arff.gz (feature subsets are meaningful here, as these features are computed independently of each other) Haralick features First 13 Haralick features (radius 1 pixel) aloi-haralick-1.csv.gz Front to back Vectors representing front face vs. back faces of individual objects front.arff.gz Basic light Vectors indicating basic light situations light.arff.gz Manual annotations Manually annotated object groups of semantically related objects such as cups manual1.arff.gz Outlier Detection Versions Additionally, we generated a number of subsets for outlier detection: Feature type Description Files RGB Histograms Downsampled to 100000 objects (553 outliers) aloi-27d-100000-max10-tot553.csv.gz aloi-64d-100000-max10-tot553.csv.gz Downsampled to 75000 objects (717 outliers) aloi-27d-75000-max4-tot717.csv.gz aloi-64d-75000-max4-tot717.csv.gz Downsampled to 50000 objects (1508 outliers) aloi-27d-50000-max5-tot1508.csv.gz aloi-64d-50000-max5-tot1508.csv.g
ELKI Multi-View Clustering Data Sets Based on the Amsterdam Library of Object Images (ALOI)
No full text<p>These data sets were originally created for the following publications:</p>
<p><em>M. E. Houle, H.-P. Kriegel, P. Kröger, E. Schubert, A. Zimek</em><br>
<strong>Can Shared-Neighbor Distances Defeat the Curse of Dimensionality?</strong><br>
In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (SSDBM), Heidelberg, Germany, 2010.</p>
<p><em>H.-P. Kriegel, E. Schubert, A. Zimek</em><br>
<strong>Evaluation of Multiple Clustering Solutions</strong><br>
In 2nd MultiClust Workshop: Discovering, Summarizing and Using Multiple Clusterings Held in Conjunction with ECML PKDD 2011, Athens, Greece, 2011.</p>
<p>The outlier data set versions were introduced in:</p>
<p><em>E. Schubert, R. Wojdanowski, A. Zimek, H.-P. Kriegel</em><br>
<strong>On Evaluation of Outlier Rankings and Outlier Scores</strong><br>
In Proceedings of the 12th SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM), Anaheim, CA, 2012.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>They are derived from the original image data available at <a href="https://aloi.science.uva.nl/">https://aloi.science.uva.nl/</a></p>
<p>The image acquisition process is documented in the original ALOI work: <em>J. M. Geusebroek, G. J. Burghouts, and A. W. M. Smeulders</em>, <strong>The Amsterdam library of object images</strong>, Int. J. Comput. Vision, 61(1), 103-112, January, 2005</p>
<p>Additional information is available at: <a href="https://elki-project.github.io/datasets/multi_view">https://elki-project.github.io/datasets/multi_view</a></p>
<p>The following views are currently available:</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Feature type</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Files</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object number</td>
<td>Sparse 1000 dimensional vectors that give the <em>true</em> object assignment</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/objs.arff.gz">objs.arff.gz</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RGB color histograms</td>
<td>Standard RGB color histograms (uniform binning)</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/aloi-8d.csv.gz">aloi-8d.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-27d.csv.gz">aloi-27d.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-64d.csv.gz">aloi-64d.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-125d.csv.gz">aloi-125d.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-216d.csv.gz">aloi-216d.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-343d.csv.gz">aloi-343d.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-512d.csv.gz">aloi-512d.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-729d.csv.gz">aloi-729d.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-1000d.csv.gz">aloi-1000d.csv.gz</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HSV color histograms</td>
<td>Standard HSV/HSB color histograms in various binnings</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-2x2x2.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-2x2x2.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-3x3x3.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-3x3x3.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-4x4x4.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-4x4x4.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-5x5x5.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-5x5x5.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-6x6x6.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-6x6x6.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-7x7x7.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-7x7x7.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-7x2x2.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-7x2x2.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-7x3x3.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-7x3x3.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-14x3x3.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-14x3x3.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-8x4x4.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-8x4x4.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-9x5x5.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-9x5x5.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-13x4x4.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-13x4x4.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-14x5x5.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-14x5x5.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-10x6x6.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-10x6x6.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-hsb-14x6x6.csv.gz">aloi-hsb-14x6x6.csv.gz</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Color similiarity</td>
<td>Average similarity to 77 reference colors (not histograms) 18 colors x 2 sat x 2 bri + 5 grey values (incl. white, black)</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/aloi-colorsim77.arff.gz">aloi-colorsim77.arff.gz</a> (feature subsets are meaningful here, as these features are computed independently of each other)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Haralick features</td>
<td>First 13 Haralick features (radius 1 pixel)</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/aloi-haralick-1.csv.gz">aloi-haralick-1.csv.gz</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Front to back</td>
<td>Vectors representing front face vs. back faces of individual objects</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/front.arff.gz">front.arff.gz</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Basic light</td>
<td>Vectors indicating basic light situations</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/light.arff.gz">light.arff.gz</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Manual annotations</td>
<td>Manually annotated object groups of semantically related objects such as cups</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/manual1.arff.gz">manual1.arff.gz</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p><strong>Outlier Detection Versions</strong></p>
<p>Additionally, we generated a number of subsets for outlier detection:</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Feature type</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Files</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RGB Histograms</td>
<td>Downsampled to 100000 objects (553 outliers)</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/aloi-27d-100000-max10-tot553.csv.gz">aloi-27d-100000-max10-tot553.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-64d-100000-max10-tot553.csv.gz">aloi-64d-100000-max10-tot553.csv.gz</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td>Downsampled to 75000 objects (717 outliers)</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/aloi-27d-75000-max4-tot717.csv.gz">aloi-27d-75000-max4-tot717.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-64d-75000-max4-tot717.csv.gz">aloi-64d-75000-max4-tot717.csv.gz</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td>Downsampled to 50000 objects (1508 outliers)</td>
<td><a href="6355684/files/aloi-27d-50000-max5-tot1508.csv.gz">aloi-27d-50000-max5-tot1508.csv.gz</a> <a href="6355684/files/aloi-64d-50000-max5-tot1508.csv.gz">aloi-64d-50000-max5-tot1508.csv.gz</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
RELAZIONE SULLO STATO SANITARIO DEL PAESE 2007/2008
No full textIl processo di predisposizione della Relazione sullo Stato Sanitario del Paese 2007/2008 si è avvalso di un apparato organizzativo articolato in un Comitato Editoriale, avente funzioni di indirizzo ed individuazione delle tematiche da approfondire, un Comitato Redazionale responsabile del coordinamento delle attività di sviluppo dei contenuti della Relazione, nonché un numeroso gruppo di Autori individuati per contributi specifici ed approfondimenti sulle singole aree tematiche.
L’ Ufficio di Direzione Statistica, nell’ambito della Direzione Generale del Sistema Informativo del Ministero del Lavoro, della Salute e delle Politiche Sociali ( Settore Salute ), è stato la struttura di riferimento del suddetto apparato organizzativo.
A supporto delle attività redazionali è stato reso disponibile dal Ministero un ambiente web dedicato atto a facilitare, mediante appositi strumenti di collaborazione ed archiviazione, l’interazione tra i diversi soggetti coinvolti nonché la predisposizione e la consultazione della documentazione prodotta
The Geography of Knowledge and R&D-led Growth
No full textWe analyse how spatial disparities in innovation activities, coupled with migration costs, affect economic geography, market structure, growth and regional inequality. We provide conditions for existence and uniqueness of a spatial equilibrium, and for the endogenous emergence of industry clusters. Spatial variations in knowledge spillovers lead to spatial concentration of more innovative firms. Migration costs, however, limit the concentration of economic activities in the most productive region. Narrowing the gap in knowledge spillovers across regions raises growth, and reduces regional inequality by making firms more sensitive to wage differentials. The associated change in the industry concentration has positive welfare effects
Growth and Welfare Effects of Stabilizing Innovation Cycles
No full textWe consider a simple model of innovation where equilibrium cycles may arise and show that, whenever actual capital accumulation falls below its balanced growth path, subsidizing innovators by taxing consumers has stabilizing effects, promotes sustained growth and increases welfare. Further, if the steady state is unstable under laissez faire, the introduction of the subsidy can make the steady state stable. Such a policy has beneficial effects as it fosters output growth along the transitional adjustment path, and increases the welfare of current and future generations.Growth, endogenous cycles, stabilization, innovation, subsidy, welfare.
A wise cost-effective supplying bandwidth policy for multilayer wireless cognitive networks
No full textInventory management is one of the most important research areas in Operations Research and Logistics. It mainly aims to efficiently manage inventories at different facilities (for example, warehouses and plants in Supply Chains (SCs)), minimizing the total cost and satisfying the service levels. Some exact inventories management approaches are successfully proposed and applied to different real scenarios, traditionally related to the SCs, even if the extreme versatility of these techniques could make them attractive to new challenging scenarios such as those related to telecommunications networks. Starting from this vision, the focus of this paper is to show the new benefits of applying an adaptive period inventory management policy to a wireless cognitive telecommunication scenario in which radio transmission resources are treated as short-term life time goods which supplies wisely in order to maximize both economic profit and quality of service offered to wireless users. The system behavior is tested using an agent-based simulator and computational results show that introducing this wise control on the bandwidth supplying mechanism guarantees a more reactive and effective telecommunication network, reaching a good compromise between the total profit and the service levels
A wise cost-effective supplying bandwidth policy for multilayer wireless cognitive networks
No full textInventory management is one of the most important research areas in Operations Research and Logistics. It mainly aims to efficiently manage inventories at different facilities (for example, warehouses and plants in Supply Chains (SCs)), minimizing the total cost and satisfying the service levels. Some exact inventories management approaches are successfully proposed and applied to different real scenarios, traditionally related to the SCs, even if the extreme versatility of these techniques could make them attractive to new challenging scenarios such as those related to telecommunications networks. Starting from this vision, the focus of this paper is to show the new benefits of applying an adaptive period inventory management policy to a wireless cognitive telecommunication scenario in which radio transmission resources are treated as short-term life time goods which supplies wisely in order to maximize both economic profit and quality of service offered to wireless users. The system behavior is tested using an agent-based simulator and computational results show that introducing this wise control on the bandwidth supplying mechanism guarantees a more reactive and effective telecommunication network, reaching a good compromise between the total profit and the service level
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