9,220 research outputs found
La psicopat\ueda :
No full textTrabajo Fin de Grado-Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Facultad de Psicolog\ueda, 2021La psicopat\ueda, en la actualidad denominada Trastorno Antisocial de la Personalidad (TAP) por los manuales diagn\uf3sticos, es un trastorno de personalidad que ha sido ampliamente estudiado, dado las repercusiones sociales negativas, que conllevan sus principales caracter\uedsticas. La dificultad para adaptarse a las normas sociales, unida a la agresividad en algunos casos,
generalmente provoca que el psic\uf3pata cometa delitos. Esto \ufaltimo, es por lo que este trastorno est\ue1 muy vinculado al \ue1mbito legal y forense. La despreocupaci\uf3n, la manipulaci\uf3n y deshonestidad hacia los dem\ue1s, son otras de las muchas caracter\uedsticas del TAP, causantes de la instrumentalizaci\uf3n de las relaciones interpersonales, para conseguir beneficios propios.
Las diversas conceptualizaciones, subtipos y clasificaciones que se han venido dando acerca de este trastorno, evidencian que siempre ha estado presente a lo largo de la historia, aunque con una terminolog\ueda distinta. Sin embargo, los instrumentos de evaluaci\uf3n han ido evolucionando y aumentando su fiabilidad y validez, convirti\ue9ndose as\ued la Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) de Hare, en el instrumento de medida para la psicopat\ueda, m\ue1s utilizado en la actualidad. Las investigaciones sobre psicopat\ueda, se han focalizado en comprender su etiolog\ueda y desarrollo, desde las principales teor\uedas cl\ue1sicas psicol\uf3gicas. Adem\ue1s de realizar diversos estudios, acerca de las posibles bases neurobiol\uf3gicas implicadas en la incapacidad que sufren
estas personas, para desarrollar un comportamiento prosocial adecuado. Por \ufaltimo, pese a la ineficacia que han mostrado las distintas psicoterapias para el tratamiento de este trastorno, actualmente se investiga sobre los efectos beneficiosos que tendr\uedan algunas t\ue9cnicas no invasivas, con el fin de modificar el juicio moral de estas persona
Actuaci\uf3n de enfermer\ueda frente al adolescente drogodependiente /
No full textProyecto Fin de Grado-Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca (Espa\uf1a). Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, 2023El consumo de drogas en adolescentes se ha convertido en un problema a nivel mundial. Teniendo en cuenta la proporci\uf3n estad\uedstica se puede observar un claro incremento de la consumici\uf3n, as\ued como del aumento del policonsumo. Esto sugiere la necesidad de iniciar programas de educaci\uf3n para la salud que garanticen que los adolescentes adquieran m\ue1s conocimientos, adopten h\ue1bitos de vida saludables y se abstengan de conductas de riesgo.
El objetivo de este trabajo se ha basado en estudiar mediante teor\uedas de enfermer\ueda, posibles intervenciones por parte del personal sanitario. As\ued como tambi\ue9n indagar en una visi\uf3n general de las drogas y los problemas cl\uednicos asociados, promoviendo una m\ue1s r\ue1pida actuaci\uf3n por parte de enfermer\ueda
Manejo cl\uednico y terap\ue9utico del neonato con hiperbilirrubinemia indirecta. Servicio de neonatolog\ueda. Hospital Central Universitario "Dr. Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda".
No full textEl presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el manejo cl\uednico y terap\ue9utico del neonato con hiperbilirrubinemia indirecta, del Servicio de Neonatolog\ueda \u93Dr. Kolman Puterman\u94 del Hospital Central Universitario \u93Dr. Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda\u94, durante el per\uedodo Enero-Junio 2013, a trav\ue9s de un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Para ello, se revisaron 244 historias cl\uednicas, obteniendo como resultados que 56% de los reci\ue9n nacidos correspondi\uf3 al sexo masculino; 69,26% fueron reci\ue9n nacidos pret\ue9rmino adecuados para la edad gestacional. Entre los factores de riesgo se observ\uf3 que
34,43% se encontraban entre las 35-37 semanas de gestaci\uf3n. Respecto a los par\ue1metros de laboratorio para este tipo de pacientes como: hematolog\ueda completa, coombs directo, contaje de reticulocitos, frotis de sangre perif\ue9rica, grupo sangu\uedneo y factor Rh tanto materno como del RN, la mayor\ueda no fueron reportados. 3,28% no recibi\uf3 ning\ufan tratamiento porque no ten\uedan criterio, mientras que 11,89% recibi\uf3 fototerapia a pesar de que no ten\uedan criterio y 84,84% la recibi\uf3 con criterio; 52,05% de todos los que recibieron fototerapia fue con una duraci\uf3n de 72 horas o m\ue1s. Solo al 2,46% se le realiz\uf3 exanguinotransfusi\uf3n, sin repetici\uf3n del procedimiento; y de estos la mitad la recibi\uf3 a las 96 horas de edad postnatal. A las 48 horas postnatal se inici\uf3 la fototerapia con criterio, tanto por bilirrubina s\ue9rica indirecta alcanzada (39,75%), como por el uso de la bilirrubina transcut\ue1nea (36,84%). Egresando el
100% con mejor\ueda, sin ning\ufan grado de severidad de la hiperbilirrubinemia indirecta significativa y con manejo multidisciplinario ambulatorio, siendo la especialidad de neonatolog\ueda la de mayor frecuencia (74,59%), seguida por foniatr\ueda (52,45%). Finalmente se concluye que al determinar el diagn\uf3stico correcto e indicar el tratamiento oportuno se pueden evitar los grados de neurotoxicidad que deterioran la calidad de vida del R
Efectividad de la gasometr\ueda venosa comparada con la gasometr\ueda arterial en la evaluaci\uf3n del desequilibrio acido-base en pacientes diab\ue9ticos descompensados en acidosis hospitalizados en el servicio de cuidados intermedios del Hospital Central Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda de Barquisimeto
No full textEl desequilibrio \ue1cido-base, es una de las complicaciones agudas m\ue1s comunes en los pacientes diab\ue9ticos descompensados metab\uf3licamente. Esta situaci\uf3n puede ser evaluada a trav\ue9s de la gasometr\ueda arterial. En esta Investigaci\uf3n se compar\uf3 la gasometr\ueda venosa versus la gasometr\ueda aJierial, con la finalidad de de analizar los resultados que nos permitieron establecer la efectividad de los gases venosos en la evaluaci\uf3n de la descompensaci\uf3n metab\uf3lica en pacientes diab\ue9ticos. En una investigaci\uf3n descriptiva transversal, se compararon resultados de pH, pC02 y Bicarbonato en muestras de sangre arterial y venosa en veinti\ufan pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus descompensados en acidosis, hospitalizados en el Servicios de Cuidados Intermedios del Hospital Central Universitario "Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda" de Barquisimeto, que luego de compararse y analizarse, mostraron resultados en los que no hubo diferencia estad\uedsticamente significativa entre el HC03 de ambas nuestras y en cuanto al pH y pCOl si hubo diferencia estad\uedsticamente significativa. Estos resultados sugieren la posibilidad de realizar gasometr\uedas venosas para el seguimiento metab\uf3lico del paciente, dejando la gasometr\ueda arterial para realizada solo una vez al d\ueda y/o cuando el paciente presenta asociada una patolog\ueda respiratoria, logr\ue1ndose de esta manera minimizar riesgos en el paciente al mismo tiempo que se obtiene un m\ue9todo de evaluaci\uf3n mas asequible menos riesgoso y doloroso y m\ue1s r\ue1pido de obtener, en aras de buscar siempre la beneficencia del paciente, as\ued como la no maleficencia.
Palabras Claves: Gasometr\ueda arterial, gasometr\ueda venosa, desequilibrio \ue1cido-base, Diabetes Mellitus
Japan's Deflation and the Bank of Japan's Experience with Non-traditional Monetary Policy
No full textThis paper offers a brief summary of non-traditional monetary policy measures adopted by the Bank of Japan (BOJ) during the last two decades, especially the period between 1998-2006, when the so-called Zero Interest Rate Policy (ZIRP) and Quantitative Easing (QE) were put in place. The paper begins with a typology of policies usable at low interest and inflation rates. They are: strategy (i), management of expectations about future policy rates; strategy (ii), targeted asset purchases; and strategy (iii), QE. Alternatively, QE may be decomposed into a pure attempt to inflate the central bank balance sheet, QE0, purchases of assets in dysfunctional markets, QE1 and purchases of assets to generate portfolio rebalancing, QE2. Strategy (ii), when non-sterilized, is either QE1 or QE2. Using this typology, I review the measures adopted by the BOJ and discuss evidence on the effectiveness of the measures. The broad conclusion is that strategies (i) and (ii) have affected interest rates, while no clear evidence exists so far of the effectiveness of strategy (iii), or QE0. Strategy (ii) has been effective especially in containing risk/liquidity premiums in dysfunctional money markets; that is, QE1 has been effective. The effectiveness of QE2, however, is unclear. The strategies, however, have failed to bring the economy out of the deflation trap so far. I discuss some possible reasons for this and also implications for the current U.S. situation.
Japanfs Deleveraging since the 1990s and the Bank of Japanfs Monetary Policy: Some Comparisons with the U.S. Experience since 2007
No full textThis paper discusses the backgrounds for the stagnant behavior of the Japanese economy during the last two decades and the failure of the Bank of Japan (BOJ) to turn the economy around. I argue that the policy authorities did not act quickly enough to mitigate the pain of the deleveraging process in the aftermath of the burst of land and stock price bubble in the early 1990s. Thus, the process became overly severe and protracted. The economy increasingly became vulnerable to negative external shocks and the decline in its population. Use of non-conventional monetary policy measures after deflationary expectations became entrenched substantially weakened their power to stimulate the economy. The U.S. economy since 2007 has exhibited many of the features seen for the Japanese economy during the last two decades; hence, the talk of the Japanization of the U.S. economy. There are, however, many dissimilarities as well as similarities between the two episodes. These are also discussed along with the analysis of Japanfs two lost decades.Popular discussions of Japanfs stagnation often focus on persistent deflation. Figure 1 shows core CPI inflation and a representative property price index for Japan and the U.S. since the peak of property prices, with the peak (T=0) assumed to be 1990 for Japan and 2006 for the U.S. In addition, it also plots investment in structures relative to GDP in Japan. Inflation in Japan has been in negative territory since 1998.1 There has been, however, no tendency for the deflation to accelerate. The cumulative decrease in the index since the late 1990s has been only about 5%. Thus, the classic debt-deflation type dynamic has not been a major cause of economic stagnation. In contrast, declines in property prices in Japan since the peak has been large and protracted-cumulating in a 60% decline at the time of writing. They led to significant deleveraging by financial institutions and non-financial corporations, which put downward pressure on aggregate demand for goods and services, especially, investment in structures, the component of aggregate demand most sensitive to property prices. The figure shows that its movements have been highly correlated with those of property prices.2 As may be seen from the figure, this component of aggregate demand alone subtracted about 0.4% per year from GDP growth during the 1990s. Such a negative feedback loop among asset prices, economic activity and, as we discuss below, financial instability has been the key feature of Japanfs stagnation. It is also interesting to note that both CPI inflation and property prices in the U.S. since the recent financial crisis have followed closely that of Japan in the 1990s, but inflation has so far avoided plunging into negative territory. Adjustment in asset prices and real investment were to some extent inevitable given the extent of the excesses created during the bubble period. The deleveraging process, however, became extremely protracted as a result of a forbearance game played by policymakers and financial institutions. Banks kept lending for a while to zombie companies in order to avoid recognition of losses on their balance sheets, and the authority stayed away for years from making the tough decision to recapitalize the banks. This resulted in a huge buildup of bad loans and eventually in a serious credit crunch in the late 1990s, which aggravated the declines in asset prices and deleveraging by banks and nonfinancial corporations. Banks increasingly became risk averse and stopped lending to risky, but promising projects. The economy slowly, but steadily lost momentum and could not grow out of the negative shocks generated by external financial crises in the late 1990s and 2000s, and the declines in its population that started in the 2000s. Deflation of the general price level did play a part in this process as well. It has hindered the effectiveness of monetary easing. This is ironic because monetary policy normally is a tool for avoiding deflation. Either the deleveraging forces outweighed the capacity of monetary policy to stimulate the economy or the BOJ easing came a bit too late. The BOJ tried to reverse the disinflation trend with fairly aggressive rate cuts - a conventional monetary policy tool-- and brought the policy rate to near zero by late 1995, effectively hitting the zero lower bound (ZLB) constraint on interest rates. Deflation, however, developed in response to economic weakness. The real interest rate has stayed at higher levels than desirable, and undermined the power of a zero interest rate to stimulate the economy, although it did not throw the economy into a deflationary spiral. Since the late 1990s, the BOJ has adopted a variety of non-conventional monetary policy measures. They have supported the financial system and prevented deflation from becoming worse, but have not turned the economy around. As I argue below, non-conventional measures work by reducing risk premiums and long-short interest rate spreads. The long period of economic stagnation had lowered these spreads to minimum levels and limited the effectiveness of such measures as was the case for conventional measures. In the following I will describe in more detail the deleveraging experience in Japan and then turn to discussing the experience of the BOJ to turn the economy around. Comparisons with the U.S. experience since 2007 are offered at each stage of the discussion
A successful model of regional healthcare information exchange in Japan: Case Study in Kagawa Prefecture
No full textIn this study, we focused on analysis of healthcare data exchange over the network. For the advance of broadband capability development, many governments expect online medical information exchange between medical institutions. Japanese government also has tried to deploy ICT in the healthcare field. In Japan, many healthcare ICT projects started, but almost of all the projects face many issues and failed to continue. This situation caused us to clarify the success factor of healthcare information exchange network. For inspecting the success factors, we analyzed information access of healthcare systems in Kagawa prefecture of Japan. Kagawa prefecture is one of the most advance areas for healthcare information technology. We analyzed four medical ICT projects in Kagawa prefecture: K-MIX, Critical Pathway for Diabetes, E-prescription, and PHR. In addition, we inspected characteristics of exchanged data in the network, and stakeholder involved in these projects. This analysis lets us find various types of healthcare ICT projects. Characteristic of data processed in the projects caused differences of characteristic of the projects. On the other hand, multiple systems process same data, though the project does not share the data itself. Considering various types of medical information exchanges projects, we propose classification and standard format of exchanged data according to their characteristic are critical for efficient business deployment. --e-Health,regional healthcare information exchange,EHR
Buenas pr\ue1cticas docentes con realidad aumentada aplicada a la literatura infantil /
No full textProyecto Fin de Grado-Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Facultad de Educaci\uf3n, 2021Ahora que la digitalizaci\uf3n ha irrumpido en las aulas y la educaci\uf3n se enfrenta a un cambio de paradigma, la Realidad Aumentada se erige como la herramienta ideal para el desarrollo de una educaci\uf3n h\uedbrida. Esta tecnolog\ueda, a caballo entre el mundo real y el virtual, ya est\ue1 facilitando las primeras experiencias en entornos de aprendizaje altamente significativos, en los que la interacci\uf3n entre el alumno y lo que le rodea es clave para lograr afianzar los nuevos conocimientos. Al mismo tiempo, esas experiencias no pasan de ser puntuales, sin capacidad de r\ue9plica en otros contextos y requieren de conocimientos de lenguaje de programaci\uf3n. Con el fin de ahondar en el estado de la Realidad Aumentada en el \ue1mbito educativo y conocer las principales limitaciones que pueden encontrar los docentes para hacer uso de ella, se ha conducido un estudio exploratorio. Con el objetivo de superar algunos de los obst\ue1culos detectados en la literatura y el estudio, se presenta una Buenas Pr\ue1ctica Docente con Realidad Aumentada para enriquecer la lectura en ingl\ue9s para alumnos en Educaci\uf3n Primaria. Una propuesta respaldada por estudios previos, con objetivos claros, replicable, evaluable, e inclusiva
Microbiolog\ueda M\ue9dica
No full textNueva edici\uf3n de la obra de referencia y best seller en la especialidad que una vez m\ue1s presenta la microbiolog\ueda de una forma sucinta y de f\ue1cil lectura y acceso. A trav\ue9s de claras explicaciones se explica c\uf3mo los microorganismos causan las diferentes enfermedades en los seres humanos y hace una revisi\uf3n exhaustiva de las nuevas vacunas y antibi\uf3ticos disponibles en la actualidad para tratar las nuevas enfermedades emergentes. Aborda y cubre todos los aspectos de la respuesta inmune, diagn\uf3stico de laboratorio, bacteriolog\ueda, virolog\ueda, micolog\ueda y parasitolog\ueda para asegurar la comprensi\uf3n de todos aquellos aspectos cl\uednicos con los que se encontrar\ue1 el profesional en su pr\ue1ctica diaria. Correlaciona las ciencias b\ue1sicas con la pr\ue1ctica cl\uednica gracias a la incorporaci\uf3n de preguntas de revisi\uf3n al final de cada cap\uedtulo, ofreciendo de este modo un recurso pedag\uf3gico que ayuda a comprender la relevancia cl\uednica de cada organismo pat\uf3geno tratado. As\ued mismo, parte del uso de casos cl\uednicos de la literatura para ilustrar aspectos como la epidemiolog\ueda, el diagn\uf3stico y el tratamiento de las enfermedades infecciosas. Esta nueva edici\uf3n incorpora el recurso online Student Consult
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