75 research outputs found
Self-reported alteration of sense of smell or taste in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis on 3563 patients
No full textBackground: Emerging reports suggest that new onset of smell or taste loss are potential early clinical markers of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but it remains unclear as to what extent. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to systematically assess the prevalence of self-reported altered sense of smell or taste in patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, overcoming the limitations of individual studies by meta-analysis of pooled data. Methods: The databases Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and MedRxiv’s set were searched from inception to the 4th May 2020. This study was conducted following the PRISMA checklist. Results: 18 studies met the eligibility criteria out of the 171 initially screened citations. The overall prevalence of alteration of the sense of smell or taste was 47%, but estimates were 31% and 67% in severe and mild-to-moderate symptomatic patients, respectively. The loss of smell and taste preceded other symptoms in 20% of cases and it was concomitant in 28%. Conclusions: Based on this meta-analysis, we recommend self-isolation and testing, where possible, for patients complaining smell or taste impairment during COVID-19 pandemic in order to prevent spread of disease and propose the inclusion of loss of smell and taste as recognized symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 in the World Health Organization and other relevant regulatory body’s lists
Exploring how object relations theory can be used to understand the response of individuals to organisational change : three case studies
No full textBibliography : leaves 101-104.The study set out to explore why people who were not at risk of being retrenched at the time of organisational change presented to the employee assistance program with signs of depression and anxiety. The study examined the, 'unconscious aspects' of the relationship between the individual and work colleagues; the importance of the individual's relationship with the organisation, and how early unresolved feelings of loss can be evoked during organisational change. The study was informed by psychoanalytic object relations theory. The study presents a theoretical examination of infant development that focuses on the sources of early anxieties, the way in which the infant defends against these anxieties, and the mother's role in helping the infant to contain them. This examination suggests that although many of these primitive anxieties are resolved during infancy and childhood, they remain present in adulthood and therefore people continue to seek out places that can contain their primitive anxieties. The theoretical constructs are then used to examine three areas, those being, the employees relationship with the organisation, relationships with colleagues, and the loss of the organisation. Three case studies are presented to illustrate the theoretical constructs. The three participants, all of whom were not at risk of being retrenched, presented to the employee assistance programme with signs of anxiety and depression. The data presented was collected during ten therapy sessions. This data was then analyzed using psychoanalytical object relations theory. The study seemed to Show that: early maternal relationships play an important role in how the employee will relate to the organisation and work colleagues; that the organisation plays an important role in providing a forum for reparation for employees; that the employee organisation relationship plays an important role in containing employee's anxieties; that changes within the organisation may be experienced by members as a loss of an important containing relationship. It is helpful for social workers working with employees to understand these so as to help both employees and management during organisational change
Carotid body paragangliomas: a systematic study on management with surgery and radiotherapy
No full textGrant support: Carlos Suarez is supported by grants from the FIS (PI08/0531 and PI11/00929)and Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Cancer (RD12/0036/0015).Suarez, C., Rodrigo, J.P., Mendenhall, W.M., Hamoir, M., Silver, C.E., Gregoire, V., Strojan, P., Neumann, H.P.H., Obholzer, R., Offergeld, C., Langendijk, J.A., Rinaldo, A., Ferlito, A
Group dynamics. What coaches and consultants neeed to watch out for.
No full textThe INSEAD Global Leadership Centre was founded and is directed by Professor Kets de Vries. This book is a volume of essays on leadership development topics. Drawing upon substantial research the book presents the essential leadership models and equips practitioners with tools for developing executive coaches and working with business leaders
Suicide prevention: The contribution of psychoanalysis
No full textThe contemporary relevance of psychoanalysis is being increasingly questioned; Off the Couch challenges this view, demonstrating that psychoanalytic thinking and its applications are both innovative and relevant, in particular to the management and treatment of more disturbed and difficult to engage patient groups. Chapters address:
Clinical applications in diverse settings across the age range.
The relevance of psychoanalytic thinking to the practice of CBT, psychosomatics and general psychiatry
The contribution of psychoanalytic thinking to mental health policy and the politics of conflict and mediation.
This book suggests that psychoanalysis has a vital position within the public health sector and discusses how it can be better utilised in the treatment of a range of mental health problems. It also highlights the role of empirical research in providing a robust evidence base.
Off the Couch will be essential reading for those practicing in the field of mental health and will also be useful for anyone involved in the development of mental health and public policies. It will ensure that practitioners and supervisors have a clear insight into how psychoanalysis can be applied in general healthcare
Classification and management of cervical paragangliomas
No full textINTRODUCTIONCervical paragangliomas are slow-growing tumours that eventually cause lower cranial nerve palsies and infiltrate the skull base. Surgical treatment may cause the same deficits and, in some, risks more serious neurological deficits. We describe a classification used to guide investigation, consent and management of cervical paragangliomas based on extensive experience.METHODSThe case notes of patients managed by the senior author at a tertiary referral skull base unit between 1987 and 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 87 cervical paragangliomas were identified in 70 patients (mean age: 46 years, range: 13–77 years). Of these, 35 patients had 36 vagal paragangliomas, 43 patients had 50 carotid body paragangliomas and 8 had both. One cervical paraganglioma arose from neither the carotid body nor the nodose ganglion. The main outcome measures were death, stroke, gastrostomy and tracheotomy.RESULTSAll tumours were classified pre-operatively based on their relationship to the carotid artery, skull base and lower cranial nerves. Type 1 tumours were excised with a transcervical approach, type 2 with a transcervical-parotid approach and type 3 with a combined transcervical-parotid and infratemporal fossa approach. Type 4 patients underwent careful assessment and genetic counselling before any treatment was undertaken. There were no peri-operative deaths; two patients had strokes, one required a long-term feeding gastrostomy and none required a tracheotomy.CONCLUSIONSThe use of a pre-operative classification system guides management and surgical approach, improves accuracy of consent, facilitates audit and clarifies which patients should be referred to specialised centres.</jats:sec
Hearing and ossicular chain preservation in cholesteatoma surgery
No full textAbstractObjective:To assess the hearing changes associated with sacrificing an intact ossicular chain during cholesteatoma surgery.Methods:We reviewed the operation notes of surgical procedures performed by the senior author between October 2000 and April 2006. Thirty-three cases were identified in which cholesteatoma surgery had been performed in the presence of a mobile, intact ossicular chain. One set of case notes was missing; therefore, 32 cases were included in the analysis. The ossicular chain was preserved in 17 cases (14 males and three females) and sacrificed in 15 (eight males and seven females).Results:At the first post-operative assessment, a median air–bone gap deterioration of 3.3 dB was seen in patients in whom the ossicular chain had been sacrificed, while a median air–bone gap improvement of 3.3 dB was seen in those in whom the chain had been preserved. However, multivariable logistic regression analysis suggested that this difference in hearing outcomes was due to pre-operative hearing status, and that preservation of the ossicular chain did not lead to a better outcome.Conclusions:In cholesteatoma surgery, there is at most a marginal benefit in preserving the ossicular chain. In the current study, the better hearing outcomes associated with preservation of the ossicular chain were accounted for by patients' better pre-operative hearing status. This study did not demonstrate a difference in residual disease rate, but was underpowered to do so.</jats:sec
Pulling the Strings: Party Group Coordinators in the European Parliament
No full textSince its post-Lisbon increase in (legislative and non-legislative)
powers, the European Parliament (EP) is more relevant than ever in
the geographically diversified multilevel system of the EU. Party group
coordinators occupy a crucial position in collective decision-making
within the EP. However, knowledge about these pivotal actors is absent.
This raises the question as to who these party group coordinators are,
what they do, and what indeed makes a good coordinator. A new
data set shows that in 2012, more than one-fifth of coordinators of
the three largest and most influential groups are German, with British
and Spanish coordinators ranking a distant second before Romanians.
Among coordinators from NMS, only one-eighth were newcomers
Spatial temporal coverage and stability of Multibow labeling.
No full text<p><b>a.</b> Spatial and cell type coverage of Multibow. The embryo was injected with 6 Multibow colors (mR/mG/nR/nG/R/G) at single cell stage and heat-shocked at 1 day-post-fertilization (dpf) for 2 hours. The whole 4dpf larva was imaged in 2 channels (G/R). Positive cells can be seen distributed from head to tail throughout the larva, indicating high spatial coverage. In inserts 1 and 2, distinctly shaped skin, muscle, mesenchymal and neural cells can be observed by cytoplasmic or membrane Multibow labeling. Scale bars: 100μm. <b>b.</b> Temporal stability of labeling. The embryo was injected with 6 Multibow colors (mR/mG/nR/nG/R/G) at single cell stage and heat-shocked at 1 day-post-fertilization (dpf) for 2 hours. The same embryo was imaged once per day to 11dpf. The persistence of labeling indicates genomic insertion of Multibow cassettes. Red patches around the eye and along the gut are auto-fluorescence. Enlarged views of white boxed areas show that the area is stably fluorescent. Scale bar in enlarged views: 100μm. <b>c.</b> Label stability of color codes over time. The embryo was injected with 12 (B/G/Y/R) Multibow constructs at one cell stage. Heat-shock of this tg(<i>hsp70</i>:<i>cerulean-cre</i>) individual was at 30hpf (duration: 2 hours). Its developing larval tail fin was imaged every 24 hours starting at 54hpf using four channels (B/G/Y/R). The color codes of the cells remain unchanged despite fluorescent intensity differences at different days, allowing identification of the same cells/clones(e.g., α and β, shown in enlarged regions marked by white boxes). Color codes: α: nG/nY; β: mB. Scale bar: 100μm. See also Fig d in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0127822#pone.0127822.s002" target="_blank">S2 Fig</a>.</p
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