736 research outputs found
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL GEL
No full textShaily A. Bramhankar, Sheetal R. Kamble and Vijaya S. Rabade
Prostatectomy in oligometastatic prostate cancer: a call for high-quality evidence
No full textThe systematic review by Saouli et al. investigates the role of radical prostatectomy (RP) in managing oligometastatic prostate cancer (omPCa) [1]. They analyzed the existing literature to assess the oncological and functional outcomes of RP for these patients. RP is feasible and has an acceptable risk of complications. However, the lack of consensus on the definitions of omPCa and the low-quality evidence of the available comparative and retrospective studies, RP in omPCa should not be recommended outside of clinical trials
For Better or for Worse: The Influence of NK Cells, IFN-y and IL-4 on the Development of Protective Adaptive Immunity in Mycoplasma Respiratory Disease
Get PDFSheetal Bodhankar, For better or for worse: The influence of NK cells, IFN-y and IL-4 on the generation of protective adaptive immunity in mycoplasma respiratory disease, Doctor of Philosophy (Microbiology and Immunology) August 2008, 136 pp., 13 illustrations, 3 tables, bibliography, 176 titles. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the contribution of NK cells and the polarizing cytokines, IFN-y and IL-4, in the generation of protective adaptive immunity against mycoplasma infection. Presence of NK cells during the generation of adaptive immunity resulted in detrimental immune responses. However, upon depletion of NK cells, prior to nasal-pulmonary immunizations, mice demonstrated better clearance of mycoplasma from the respiratory tracts. That the NK cells hindered with the beneficial development of adaptive immune responses via lymphoid cells was demonstrated, since no protection was demonstrated in SCID mice. Furthermore, purified pulmonary T and B lymphocytes primed in a NK cell depleted environment as opposed to one’s primed in a versus non-depleted environment could transfer protection to naïve mice. Interestingly, this is the first time that a favorable role of functional CD4 T cells in mediating protection in mycoplasma respiratory disease was demonstrated. The presence of NK cells at the time of nasal-pulmonary immunization also modulated mycoplasma-specific IFN-y and IL-4 responses in lungs and lower respiratory nodes. In evaluating the roles of IFN-y and IL-4, it was demonstrated that the absence of a single cytokine alters a vast array of chemokines and cytokines produced in response to mycoplasma infection. Corresponding to the higher numbers of mycoplasma and severity in disease due to the loss of IFN-y, altered cytokine and chemokine responses in the lungs to mycoplasma infection were demonstrated. Nasal-pulmonary immunization of IFN-y mice exacerbated, rather than reduced, mycoplasma disease and infection, whereas immunization of IL-4 mice significantly enhanced protection along the respiratory tract particularly in the lungs. Prominent Th-2 type immune responses in the lungs of IFN-y mice corresponded to the severe immunopathologic reactions developed after mycoplasma infection and immunization. These studies demonstrated diverse but crucial functions for NK cells, IFN-y and IL-4 vital towards the development of protective adaptive immune responses against mycoplasma respiratory infection that will have a significant impact on future studies on respiratory immunology
Utilization of Water Chestnut (Trapa Natans) Flour in the Formulation of Muffins.
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Chemical Composition of Water Chestnut (Trapa Natans) Flour and its Application in Bakery Product.
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Experiences and Perceptions of Economically Marginalised Women Food Vendors: An Exploratory Study of Informal Food Traders in Durban, South Africa.
Get PDFExperiences and Perceptions of Economically Marginalized Women Food Vendors: An Exploratory Study of Informal Food Traders in Durban, South Africa.Introduction Informal economies within developing states have become a norm for many societies. It has been estimated that the majority of workers earn their livelihoods the informal way and statistics have indicated that informal employment comprises more than 50% of non-agricultural employment globally. In some regions in South Asia, informal employment is at a rate of 82% and within sub-Saharan African countries it is on a continual increase (Mkhize, Dube, & Skinner, 2013). In South Africa the mainstream economy has been unable to provide sufficient employment opportunities – for youth in particular, and people seeking work more generally. Corresponding author: Sheetal Bhoola ([email protected]). Abstract Informal food vending has grown as a form of employment in South Africa’s cities and rural districts, particularly post 1994. For many, participating in informal food vending is the only option to earn a livelihood. The aim of this study was to describe the conditions of women who live on the margins of society and struggle as informal food vendors. Through purposive sampling, 12 qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with black African women in the Durban central business district. Findings show the majority of participants lack support from their male spouses despite the labour intensive work that they are forced to do. Unorthodox cooking skills are required to prepare meals for customers and efficiency in production and marketing is required because the sales contribute to family livelihoods. Findings highlight the abuse and exploitation these vendors are exposed to by unscrupulous municipal officials and the lack of municipal and organized labour assistance to address their economic marginalization and social repression. This study highlights the challenges that these women face in the informal economy and their negative perceptions of civic organizations in Durban, South Africa
Revenue-productive income tax structures and tax reforms in emerging market economies - evidence from Bulgaria
Get PDFUsing a household budget survey for 1992, The author shows the poor revenue performance and distributional impact of Bulgaria's personal income tax system. He explores the implications for revenue and income distribution of two alternative tax systems - a flat tax and a progressive but simpler three-brackets tax system. He demonstrates that simpler tax structures with lower tax rates could achieve at least equal revenue and distributional objectives and are superior in terms of efficiency and equity. (The findings are robust when Bulgaria's significant tax evasion is included). But tax changes since 1992 have, if anything, moved Bulgaria even further from a simple income tax system: the number of rates and brackets increased from 7 to 10, and the levels of exemption remain unchanged. (Complex, higher rates complicate administration and enforcement and provide incentives for tax evasions. And in the alternative systems the author explores, the poor are protected with higher exemptions.) Fortunately, the country's personal income tax structure began to move toward less nominal progressivity after Bulgaria's 1997 tax reform program. The tax rate in thetop income bracket was reduced from 52 percent to 40 percent, the number of tax brackets was halved, and the exemption level was increased 20 percent (reducing tax burdens on the poor).Environmental Economics&Policies,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Regional Governance,Tax Policy and Administration,Economic Theory&Research,Governance Indicators,Economic Theory&Research,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Environmental Economics&Policies,Tax Policy and Administration
Abstract Address Translation Strategies in the Texas Persistent Store
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METCAP Model
No full text<p>Second release Model code: Malaria Elimination Transmission and Costing in the Asia-Pacific</p>
<p>This repository hosts all the files required to run the multi-species dynamic comparmental transmission model for P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria.</p>
<p>Reference: Silal SP, Shretta R, Celhay O, Maude RJ, Mercado CEG, Saralamba S, White LJ. (2019) Malaria Elimination Transmission and Costing in the Asia-Pacific: a multi-species dynamic transmission model. Wellcome Open Research (under review)</p>
Effect of high day and night temperature regimes on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genotypes
Get PDFFive tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes, including heat tolerant (Pusa Sadabahar, Booster, Pusa Sheetal), one F1 combination (Pusa Sheetal × Pusa Sadabahar ) and one susceptible genotype (Pusa Rohini) were grown under phytotron under four temperature regimes, i.e. 20/24, 22/26, 24/32, 27/37°C night (11 hours)/day (13 hours) temperature, respectively. Pusa Sadabahar and Booster recorded high value of relative water content (RWC) and low value of membrane injury index (MII) both at normal and high temperature conditions. High value of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b ratio was recorded in Pusa Sadabahar and Pusa Sheetal×Pusa Sadabahar under all the temperature regimes showed their tolerance to high temperature. Normal (more than 80 percent) flowering and fruiting was recorded in all the genotypes at 20/24°C & 22/26°C. However at 24/32°C Pusa Sadabahar recorded 65 per cent fruit set and other genotypes 25 to 49 percent fruit setting only. None of the genotypes could record fruit set at 27/37°C, except Pusa Sadabahar which could set few small fruits (19%). Pollen germination was maximum (ranging from 21.8 - 62.9%) in Pusa Sadabahar under all temperature regimes. The susceptible genotype, Pusa Rohini recorded exerted stigma in 100% flowers at 27/37°C temperature whereas it was 75% in tolerant genotype Pusa Sadabahar. Night/day temperature 22/26°C was optimum for fruit set, pollen viability and normal stigma development in tomato. High night temperature (³ 26°C ± 2°C) at flowering was the major factor in reducing fruit set in tomato than the day temperature. The study showed that day temperature of ³ 35°C and night temperature of ³ 26oC may be used for screening tomato against high temperature tolerance
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