460 research outputs found
Moral Enhancement, Neuroessentialism, and Moral Content
No full textThe conceptualization of morality by some proponents of moral bioenhancement requires particular epistemological commitments and neuroessentialist assumptions. This chapter examines these assumptions and shows why such premises are problematic for the development of a sophisticated framework of morality at the intersection of neuroscience and moral philosophy and why these premises cannot support the possibility of moral enhancement. The author provides conceptual clarity on key concepts in the moral enhancement debate, including the distinction between psychopharmacology and neurotechnologies as means to cognitive enhancement, the meaning of moral enhancement, and the crucial distinction between moral capacity and moral content. Second, he critiques neuroessentialism, pointing to a danger to reduce human behavior to neurobiology and the potential to misconceptualize human moral psychology. Third, he expands his critique of neuroessentialism, particularly with regard to the concept of moral agency and offers a viable alternative based on social practices
Outils épidémiologiques pour l’étude de l’épilepsie en zone tropicale, intérêts et applications
No full textEpilepsy is a common neurological disease encountered in 50 millions of people through the world, 80% of people with epilepsy are located in tropical countries. In developed countries, the study of epilepsy is done by register of population which permits to describe its distribution in general population. Sanitary, economic and political conditions of tropical countries don't permit this. Investigating epilepsy in tropical countries implies realization of surveys in general population. We studied the interest of various tools, for screening, for analyzing etiological factors and spatial localization, in order to produce the data needed for planning a program of action. Most of these tools can easily be employed and should contribute to improve the knowledge upon epilepsy in tropical countries.L'épilepsie est une pathologie neurologique fréquente présente chez près de 50 millions d'individus dans le monde, 80% d'entre eux se trouvent dans les pays tropicaux. Dans les pays industrialisés, l'étude de l'épilepsie est réalisée au moyen de registres de population qui permettent de décrire sa distribution en population générale. Les conditions sanitaires, économiques et politiques sous les latitudes tropicales ne le permettent pas. Afin d'étudier l'épilepsie dans les pays tropicaux il est nécessaire de réaliser des enquêtes en population générale. Nous avons étudié l'intérêt de différents outils permettant de produire les données nécessaires à la planification de programmes d'action adaptés, depuis le dépistage, les analyses étiologiques ainsi que leur représentation spatiale. La majorité des outils épidémiologiques étudiés, peuvent aisément être mis en place et devraient contribuer à améliorer la connaissance de l'épilepsie dans les pays tropicaux
Fabrice Mouthon, Le Sourire de Prométhée. L’homme et la nature au Moyen Âge
No full text“Man and Nature”: from a rather clichéd theme, Fabrice Mouthon, a medievalist specializing in rural alpine communities, provides an excellent object of historical study. The author studies the relationship that human societies from the fourth through the sixteenth centuries maintained with nature, the latter understood in the broadest sense of the word: animals, climate, resources, microbes, rivers, forests, landscapes, etc. He develops his analysis of this relationship to nature in three par..
J’ai pris mon père sur mes épaules de Fabrice Melquiot : l’épique du "petit geste"
No full textInternational audienceThe title of Fabrice Melquiot’s play, J’ai pris mon père sur mes épaules, refers to Aeneas’s gesture during the flight from Troy, an episode in which he runs away, carrying his dad Anchise on his back. In this contemporary counter-epic, no privileged relationship with the gods, no creation of a city, no res gestae : heroism as Fabrice Melquiot describes it, comes from this minor episode of the myth and this “small gesture”. The people gathered around Aeneas, residents of a district of Saint-Étienne, can’t aspire to big. This deserted population has nothing left but their bodies as their only means of action. The author then brings out the epic nature of how the destitute help even more deprived and the miraculous energy that moves them.Le titre de la pièce de Fabrice Melquiot J’ai pris mon père sur mes épaules fait référence au geste d’Énée lors de la fuite de Troie, épisode dans lequel celui-ci s’échappe en portant son père Anchise. Dans cette contre-épopée contemporaine, pas de relation privilégiée avec les dieux, pas de fondation de cité, pas de res gestae : l’héroïsme tel que le peint Fabrice Melquiot émane de cet épisode mineur du mythe et de ce « petit geste ». Le peuple réuni autour d’Énée, habitants d’une banlieue de Saint-Étienne, ne peuvent prétendre au « grand » et cette population délaissée est réduite au corps pour seule possession et seul moyen d’action. L’auteur fait alors surgir l’épique de l’aide apportée par les démunis aux encore plus démunis et de l’énergie miraculeuse avec laquelle ils sont mus
Sartre, « miroir critique » de Maupassant dans La Nausée : des « imaginations naturalistes » au fantastique en « trompe-l'œil »
No full textSartre, "Critical Mirror" of Maupassant in Nausea
The literary histories writers implicitly build in their fictions are particularly interesting in what they tell us about the way in which literary fields can or do shift. Sartre's relationship to Maupassant is such an example: that of an author coming of age in the late 1930s, through the 19th century.Thumerel Fabrice. Sartre, « miroir critique » de Maupassant dans La Nausée : des « imaginations naturalistes » au fantastique en « trompe-l'œil ». In: Littérature, n°124, 2001. Histoires littéraires. pp. 50-66
tapir_itsSap_uniq
No full textThis fasta file presents the number of occurrences of each sequence (the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) of nuclear ribosomal DNA, for the Sapotaceae ) in the different faecal samples from tapirs.The sequences have been generated by the Illumina technology (Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer IIx).The sequences are sorted starting with the most repeated ones among all the samples.
Data collection:
Fabrice Hibert, Pierre Taberlet, Jérôme Chave, Caroline Scotti-Saintagne, Daniel Sabatier , Cécile Richard-Hansen
Contact author:
Fabrice Hibert ([email protected]
tapir_gh_uniq
No full textThis file presents the number of occurrences of each sequence (the trnL P6 loop) in the different faecal samples from tapirs.The sequences have been generated by the Illumina technology (Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer IIx).The sequences are sorted starting with the most repeated ones among all the samples.
Data collection:
Fabrice Hibert, Pierre Taberlet, Jérôme Chave, Caroline Scotti-Saintagne, Daniel Sabatier , Cécile Richard-Hansen
Contact author:
Fabrice Hibert ([email protected]
Fabrice Hadjadj, leitor de autores italianos
No full textThe aim of this article is to show how the philosopher and essayist Fabrice Hadjadj develops the theological concept of Paradise in correlation with two Italian authors, namely Dante Alighieri and Lorenzo da Ponte. In the first case, Dante provides clues to the understanding of a notion of Paradise that goes beyond the criticisms of Friedrich Nietzsche. In the second, the author explores the concept of “redemption”, present in the opera “Don Giovanni”.
After exposing the philosopher's interpretation in each case, we find that the reading of Dante promotes, for Hadjadj, a displacement of paradise from the outside to the interior and that Don Giovanni explains, according to Hadjadj, the redemptive dynamics of Paradise, as the invitation to maximum happiness is not the result of a personal achievement or the fulfillment of a moral precept, but a gift that comes from Above. Finally, we verify the transdisciplinary character of Hadjadj's reading of Da Ponte and Dante, considering them as authors whose works express deep realities that need to be unveiled and that can involve and help those who read the text contemporaneously.O presente artigo pretende mostrar como o filósofo e ensaísta de sobrenome árabe, origem judia e religião católica Fabrice Hadjadj se utiliza de dois autores italianos, a saber, Dante Alighieri e Lorenzo da Ponte, para aprofundar as suas reflexões sobre a noção de Paraíso. No primeiro caso, Dante fornece pistas para a compreensão de uma noção de Paraíso que ultrapasse as críticas de Friedrich Nietzsche. No segundo, o autor explora o conceito de “redenção”, presente na ópera “Don Giovanni”.
Após a exposição da interpretação do filósofo em cada caso, constatamos que a leitura de Dante promove, para Hadjadj, um deslocamento do paraíso do exterior para o interior e que Don Giovanni explicita, segundo Hadjadj, a dinâmica redentora do Paraíso, à medida em que o convite à máxima felicidade não é fruto de uma conquista pessoal ou do cumprimento de um preceito moral, mas um dom que vem do Alto. Finalmente, constatamos o caráter transdisciplinar da leitura que Hadjadj faz de Da Ponte e Dante, considerando-os como autores cujas obras exprimem realidades profundas que precisam ser desveladas e que podem envolver e auxiliar àqueles que leem o texto contemporaneamente
One-pot syntheses of pseudopteroxazoles from pseudopterosins : a rapid route to non-natural congeners with improved antimicrobial activity
No full textRapid one-pot methodologies to prepare pseudopteroxazole (1) and novel congeners from abundant natural pseudopterosins have been devised. This is highlighted here with the first synthesis of the marine natural product homopseudopteroxazole (2) utilizing a novel, silver(I)-mediated catechol to benzoxazole transformation. Pseudopteroxazoles and isopseudopteroxazoles exhibit potent activity against a range of important Gram-positive pathogens including Mycobacterium spp. and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Several non-natural pseudopteroxazoles exhibited strong activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, thereby displaying a broader spectrum of antibiotic activity compared to pseudopteroxazole
I know why the philosopher sings: exploring the work of Fabrice Hadjadj
No full textFabrice Hadjadj (1971-) is a prolific contemporary French Catholic author whose work is largely unacknowledged by the international academy. This article proposes ways of classifying his creative work, analyzing his distinctive literary gestures and relating these to his religious vision. Hadjadj can be situated as a writer of fullness in the Taylorian sense. Nevertheless, he moderates the transcendent dimensions of fullness by a celebration of the clownesque. At a textual level, Hadjadj's literary art is one of disruptive hybridization and experimentalism. At a linguistic level, however, we observe an integrative exploration of what he terms the ineffable and the indicible. Hadjadj's work is only growing in complexity and importance and deserves more scholarly attention
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