69,059 research outputs found
The Benefits of Being Economics Professor A (and not Z)
No full textAlphabetic name ordering on multi-authored academic papers, which is the convention in the economics discipline and various other disciplines, is to the advantage of people whose last name initials are placed early in the alphabet. As it turns out, Professor A, who has been a first author more often than Professor Z, will have published more articles and experienced afaster growth rate over the course of her career as a result of reputation and visibility. Moreover, authors know that name ordering matters and indeed take ordering seriously: Several characteristics of an author group composition determine the decision to deviate from the default alphabetic name order to a significant extent.performance measurement, incentives, economists, name ordering
Transition to turbulence in a qblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction at M=15
No full textDirect numerical simulations are carried out for different forcing techniques to trigger transition during the interaction between an oblique shock-wave and a laminar boundary-layer at M = 1.5. Three forcing methods are used: a) forcing of oblique unstable modes, whose shape and behaviour are determined by the local linear stability theory, b) broadband free-stream acoustic disturbances, and c) a cold plasma flow control device. While the oblique-mode breakdown is dominant for low-amplitude forcing, long streaky structures drive the transition process in a high-amplitude disturbance environment. LES are also performed on the experimental setup by the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ITAM) from Novosibirsk State University with cold plasma actuation. As well as the disturbance type, the effect of Reynolds number and forcing amplitude will be investigated
Erratum: Noninvasive Measurements and FEM Analyses for Estimating the Rotor Bar-Lamination Contact Resistance (IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. (2021) 57: 1 (208-217) DOI: 10.1109/tia.2020.3028347)
No full textIn [1], the correct author affiliations should read: Z. Gmyrek is with the Institute of Mechatronics and Information Systems, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz 90-924, Poland (e-mail: [email protected]). S. Vaschetto, M. Ahmadi Darmani, and A. Cavagnino are with the Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento Energia, Turin 10129, Italy (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; andrea. [email protected])
Influence of a psychogenic and a neurogenic stressor on several indices of immune functioning in different strains of mice
No full textExamined whether cell proliferation in response to mitogens, natural killer cell (NK) activity, and macrophage functioning of mice may be influenced by either a neurogenic stressor (footshock) or psychogenic stressor (exposing the mouse to a predator, namely a rat)
Reynolds number dependence of the dimensionless dissipation rate in stationary magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
No full textResults on the Reynolds number dependence of the dimensionless total dissipation rate C_ε are presented, obtained from medium to high resolution direct numerical simulations (DNSs) of mechanically forced stationary homogeneous magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in the absence of a mean magnetic field, showing that C_ε -> const with increasing Reynolds number. Furthermore, a model equation for the Reynolds number dependence of the dimensionless dissipation rate is derived from the real-space energy balance equation by asymptotic expansion in terms of Reynolds number of the second- and third-order correlation functions of the Elsässer fields z± = u ± b. At large Reynolds numbers we find that a model of the form C_ε = C_ε,∞ + C/R describes the data well, while at lower Reynolds numbers the model needs to be extended to second order in 1/R in order to obtain a good fit to the data, where R is a generalised Reynolds number with respect to the Elsässer field z-
Advocating a utilitarian profession in a Kantian world? LIS ethical reflection and the challenges of political philosophy
No full textThe over-arching political philosophy of the past 30 years has seen a movement from the Utilitarian principles that had dominated since the mid to late Victorian period to a more Kantian, rights-based approach to justification of public services and professions. Political philosophy has a major impact on the ethical parameters in which professions operate. In publically-funded libraries a change in such philosophy can alter the aims and objectives of the organisation, and even the justification for its very existence. In a sector that grew out of the Utilitarian era, such as public libraries, old arguments for advocacy that have been used historically hold little sway with elected officials and managers inculcated within a rights-based framework. LIS professional education rarely fills such gaps; while many LIS courses contain modules that deal in professional ethics, a key tangential issue is the understanding of political philosophy and the motivations and beliefs of those who fund library services. Conversely many elected officials come to public service with an education that covers the broadest range of political philosophy. In the UK, North America and Europe, for instance, the PPE degree (politics, philosophy, and economics) and its variants are a staple of the ruling classes. Such a background sees them well able to understand and be able to rebut any arguments for justifying services that do not fit into the rights-based approach. LIS professionals’ ethical reflection must become more strategic and be aimed at advocacy that is effective and will be understood by elected officials influenced by rights-based arguments. Utilising the public library service as an example, this paper will identify how many in the profession may have strategically misfired in terms of their advocacy approach, and instead suggest how ethical reflection could be enhanced by presenting the justification of library services within the philosophical context of the day, and how in doing so fill a major gap in the knowledge of many library and information professionals. It will be argued that used in partnership with ethical codes, such a focused ethical reflection can take such static documents and apply them to myriad real scenarios, enabling them to become a living embodiment of active ethical reflection in library and information services
VLBI observations of VIK J2318-3113, a quasar at z = 6.44
No full textThe nature of jets in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the early Universe and their feedback to the host galaxy remains a highly topical question. Observations of the radio structure of high-redshift AGNs enabled by very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) provide indispensable input into studies of their properties and role in the galaxies' evolution. To date, only five AGNs at redshift z 6 have been studied with the VLBI technique. Aims. VIK J2318-3113 is a recently discovered quasar at z = 6:44 that had not been imaged with VLBI before the current work. Here we present the first VLBI imaging results of this high-redshift quasar, with the aim of corroborating its high-resolution appearance with the physical model of the object. Methods. We carried out VLBI phase-referencing observations of VIK J2318-3113 using the Very Long Baseline Array at two frequencies, 1.6 and 4.7 GHz, and obtained the first view at the radio structure on the milliarcsecond scale. Results. The source was clearly detected at 1.6 GHz. We found that almost all of its radio emission comes from the parsec-scale core region. Our dual-frequency observations constrain the spectral index and brightness temperature of the radio core. Its properties are similar to those of other known high-redshift radio-loud AGNs.Astrodynamics & Space Mission
Virilization and Enlarged Ovaries in a Postmenopausal Woman
No full textA patient with postmenopausal bleeding and virilization was found to have bilaterally enlarged ovaries with a yellow cut surface. Histology revealed cortical stromal hyperplasia with stromal hyperthecosis. This hyperplastic condition should not be mistaken for an ovarian neoplasm.Peer reviewe
Identity of a historic garden: The view of the international literature and committies on the role of the botanical elements
No full textElsevier
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
Volume 101
, November 2024, 128501
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
Identity of a historic garden: The view of the international literature and committies on the role of the botanical elements
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Z. Hosseini a
,
F. Bartoli a b
,
M.A. Pontrandolfi a
,
G. Caneva a
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128501
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Abstract
Historic gardens are conceptualized within various cultural and legal frameworks. This research aims to unravel the complexities of the historic garden identity through the lens of international regulations, national laws, and scientific literature to reveal differences in the perception of their botanical elements. We employed a combined analytical approach, using recommendations from related international institutions (i.e. UNESCO, ICCROM, and ICOMOS), national legislation, and a review of scientific literature. The analysis identified 25 documents related to the keywords: nature, landscape, site, and garden; however, only six mentioned gardens, and just one (The Florence Charter., 1982) explicitly addressed historic gardens. Only 7 % of UNESCO member countries (197) have specific provisions for historic gardens. Within them, a diverse range of definitions and standards has resulted in discrepancies in how historic gardens are recognized and conserved across different jurisdictions. Some countries have well-defined categories for garden heritage, while others offer limited or broad categorizations that may obscure garden identities. The findings underscore the necessity for more coherent international regulations that adequately reflect historic gardens' cultural and botanical significance. The study also highlighted the overlooked role of botanical elements, since only four countries included botanical value as an explicit criterion in their legal designations, suggesting that the botanical aspect is often considered within a larger ecological and geographical context. The imperative to preserve these living legacies within the broader context of cultural heritage also became apparent
Logarithmic variance profiles and the corresponding f-1 spectra of temperature fluctuations in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection
No full textWe report experimental results for the temperature variance 2(z) and the corresponding frequency spectra P(f) in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) in a cylindrical sample of aspect ratioT= D/L = 1:00 (D = 1:12 m is the diameter and L = 1:12 m the height). The measurements were conducted in the Rayleigh-number range 1011 < Ra < 1:35 1014 and Pr ' 0:8. For Ra = 1:35x1014, 2(z) could be described well by a logarithmic dependence on the vertical position z in a range of z 1 < z < z 2 with z 1 ' 70 and z 2 = 0:1L. Here L=(2Nu) is the thickness of a thin thermal sublayer adjacent to the horizontal plate where the heat flux (denoted by the Nusselt number Nu) is carried mostly by thermal diffusion. In the log layer, we found that the temperature spectra had a significant frequency range over which P(f) f with close to 1. As Ra decreased, increased so that the log layer became thinner. At Ra = 2:05 1011, z 2 < z 1 and therefore there was no range for a log layer. Correspondingly, the temperature spectrum near the horizontal plate did not have the f1 scaling form either
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