492 research outputs found
Antibacterial Properties of Nanoparticles: A Comparative Review of Chemically Synthesized and Laser-Generated Particles
No full textNanomaterials have recently received an enormous amount of attention from the scientific community due to their outstanding activity relative to bulk materials. This increase in activity relative to bulk materials can be attributed to the high surface area to volume ratio associated with nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have found applications in almost every field of science. Currently there is significant interest in the development of nanoparticles as antibacterial agents. This work is paramount due to the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. Nanoparticles can be synthesized using various methods, each with their own advantages and disadvantages, and the method is often chosen based on the intended application. This review will cover the most prevalent method, chemical-based reduction of salts, and a fairly new laser-based method that holds tremendous promise in nanoparticle synthesis. We conclude with a comparison of the antimicrobial activities of materials made via each method.Peer reviewe
“Sohrab and Rustum” : Matthew Arnold’s spectacle
No full textAbstractThis thesis is, on the one hand, an investigation into Matthew Arnold’s (1822–1888) literary communications and, on the other hand, an attempt to mediate between his writings and a twenty-first century readership. Arnold’s oeuvre is substantial and varied, but this study focuses on his epic poetry, which has remained a neglected part of his body of work despite its significance both to the author himself and to developing an understanding of Arnold’s development as a poet, cultural critic, and iconic ‘Victorian sage’. Furthermore, it is his epic poetry that seems to most fully address the theme of communication, and thus these longer poems function as points of orientation for a broader inquiry into Arnold’s communications. Arnold himself was keenly aware of the complicated status of communicative acts, but these complications have not always been acknowledged by the generations of criticism that have emerged since his death. Critics have thus produced images of Arnold which have not always done justice to the complexity of his communications. Based on an understanding of ‘communicative’ as a position of mediation between writers and readers, this thesis addresses the need for a more balanced communicative framework for mediating between Arnold’s writings in general — and his epic poetry in particular — his critics, and present audiences.Original papersOriginal papers are not included in the electronic version of the dissertation.Alarauhio, J.-P. (2012). Towards a Dialogical Approach to Matthew Arnold. In Sell, Roger D. (Ed.) Literary Community-Making: The dialogicality of English Texts from the Seventeenth Century to the Present. (131 - 142) Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Alarauhio, J.-P. (2007). Sohrab and Rustum and Balder Dead – Communicating about Communication. In Nordic Journal of English Studies, 6(2), 47 - 64.Alarauhio, J.-P. (in press). Sohrab and Rustum – Matthew Arnold’s Spectacle. https://doi.org/10.1075/fillm.11.06alaSelf-archived versionTiivistelmäTässä väitöskirjassa tarkastellaan Matthew Arnoldin (1822–1888) kirjallista kommunikaatiota, pyrkien välittämään hänen kirjoitustensa merkityksiä 2000-luvun yleisölle. Arnoldin kirjallinen tuotanto on runsas ja monipuolinen, mutta tässä tutkimuksessa keskitytään erityisesti hänen runoepiikkansa tulkintaan. Tämä osa hänen työstään on jäänyt tutkimuksessa verrattain vähäiseen asemaan huolimatta siitä, että Arnoldin kaksi lyhyttä runoeeposta olivat tärkeitä paitsi hänelle itselleen, mutta erityisesti osana hänen kehitystään runoilijana, kulttuurikriitikkona ja ikonisena viktoriaanisen ajan julkisena intellektuellina.Arnoldin runoepiikka vaikuttaa myös tutkivan kommunikaation teemaa laajemmin kuin hänen muut runonsa, ja toimii myös tällä tavoin keskiönä hänen oman kommunikaationsa laajemmalle tarkastelulle. Arnold oli varsin tietoinen kommunikaatiopyrkimystensä haasteista, mutta näitä ongelmia ei ole hänen kuolemansa jälkeen ilmestyneessä kritiikissä aina otettu huomioon. Näin on syntynyt monia Arnold-käsityksiä, jotka eivät välttämättä tee oikeutta hänen kommunikaationsa monivivahteisuudelle. Tämä väitöskirja pyrkii tuottamaan tasapainoisemman kommunikatiivisen lähestymistavan toimiakseen välittäjänä Arnoldin kirjoitusten, eritoten hänen eepostensa, ja nykylukijan välillä.OsajulkaisutOsajulkaisut eivät sisälly väitöskirjan elektroniseen versioon.Alarauhio, J.-P. (2012). Towards a Dialogical Approach to Matthew Arnold. In Sell, Roger D. (Ed.) Literary Community-Making: The dialogicality of English Texts from the Seventeenth Century to the Present. (131 - 142) Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Alarauhio, J.-P. (2007). Sohrab and Rustum and Balder Dead – Communicating about Communication. In Nordic Journal of English Studies, 6(2), 47 - 64.Alarauhio, J.-P. (in press). Sohrab and Rustum – Matthew Arnold’s Spectacle. https://doi.org/10.1075/fillm.11.06alaRinnakkaistallennettu versioAcademic dissertation to be presented with the assent of the Doctoral Training Committee of Human Sciences of the University of Oulu for public defence in the OP-auditorium (L10), Linnanmaa, on 26 January 2019, at 12 noonAbstract
This thesis is, on the one hand, an investigation into Matthew Arnold’s (1822–1888) literary communications and, on the other hand, an attempt to mediate between his writings and a twenty-first century readership. Arnold’s oeuvre is substantial and varied, but this study focuses on his epic poetry, which has remained a neglected part of his body of work despite its significance both to the author himself and to developing an understanding of Arnold’s development as a poet, cultural critic, and iconic ‘Victorian sage’. Furthermore, it is his epic poetry that seems to most fully address the theme of communication, and thus these longer poems function as points of orientation for a broader inquiry into Arnold’s communications. Arnold himself was keenly aware of the complicated status of communicative acts, but these complications have not always been acknowledged by the generations of criticism that have emerged since his death. Critics have thus produced images of Arnold which have not always done justice to the complexity of his communications. Based on an understanding of ‘communicative’ as a position of mediation between writers and readers, this thesis addresses the need for a more balanced communicative framework for mediating between Arnold’s writings in general — and his epic poetry in particular — his critics, and present audiences.Tiivistelmä
Tässä väitöskirjassa tarkastellaan Matthew Arnoldin (1822–1888) kirjallista kommunikaatiota, pyrkien välittämään hänen kirjoitustensa merkityksiä 2000-luvun yleisölle. Arnoldin kirjallinen tuotanto on runsas ja monipuolinen, mutta tässä tutkimuksessa keskitytään erityisesti hänen runoepiikkansa tulkintaan. Tämä osa hänen työstään on jäänyt tutkimuksessa verrattain vähäiseen asemaan huolimatta siitä, että Arnoldin kaksi lyhyttä runoeeposta olivat tärkeitä paitsi hänelle itselleen, mutta erityisesti osana hänen kehitystään runoilijana, kulttuurikriitikkona ja ikonisena viktoriaanisen ajan julkisena intellektuellina.
Arnoldin runoepiikka vaikuttaa myös tutkivan kommunikaation teemaa laajemmin kuin hänen muut runonsa, ja toimii myös tällä tavoin keskiönä hänen oman kommunikaationsa laajemmalle tarkastelulle. Arnold oli varsin tietoinen kommunikaatiopyrkimystensä haasteista, mutta näitä ongelmia ei ole hänen kuolemansa jälkeen ilmestyneessä kritiikissä aina otettu huomioon. Näin on syntynyt monia Arnold-käsityksiä, jotka eivät välttämättä tee oikeutta hänen kommunikaationsa monivivahteisuudelle. Tämä väitöskirja pyrkii tuottamaan tasapainoisemman kommunikatiivisen lähestymistavan toimiakseen välittäjänä Arnoldin kirjoitusten, eritoten hänen eepostensa, ja nykylukijan välillä
Irradiation with visible light enhances the antibacterial toxicity of silver nanoparticles produced by laser ablation
No full textThe rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a rapidly growing global health concern. According to the Center for Disease Control, approximately 2 million illnesses and 23,000 deaths per year occur in the USA due to antibiotic resistance. In recent years, there has been a surge in the use of metal nanoparticles as coatings for orthopedic implants, wound dressings, and food packaging, due to their antimicrobial properties. In this report, we demonstrate that the antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is enhanced with exposure to light from the visible spectrum. We find that the increased toxicity is due to augmented silver ion release and bacterial uptake. Interestingly, silver ion toxicity does not appear to depend on the formation of reactive oxygen species. Our findings provide a novel paradigm for using light to regulate the toxicity of AgNPs which may have a significant impact in the development of new antimicrobial therapeutics.Peer reviewe
Marquette Literary Review, Issue 14, Spring 2022
No full textTable of contents
[cover] When Day Comes, Leslie Damasek
1 Masthead
2 Masthead
3 Editor’s Note
4 Table of Contents
5 Table of Contents ————— Relationships
8 Gracie Overstreet, “On Non-happy endings”
7 Tess Murphy. “a windowsill”
9 Eric Seger-Pera, “A Long Time Ago in the Paleozoic”
10 Andy Mayer, “Interoception Frog”
11 Julie Whelan Capell, “Wrong and right”
12 Milwaukee Courthouse and St. John’s Cathedral
13 Gwendolyn Lazenby, “The Cycle”
18 Lake Michigan Shoreline
19 Ben Lash, “Time Without Time, Space Without Space”
20 Ben Lash “Maia’s Madison Grassland”
21 Claire Shiparski, “Un Tramonto a Lugano”
22 Biany Calixto-Dominguez, “Song of Broken Tongues”
26 A Young Woman Sits Alone in the ICU
32 Jordyn Vena, “White Washed”
33 Julie Whelan Capell, “Unanimous”
34 Milwaukeeans March in Remembrance of Martin Luther King Jr.
————— Family
36 Matthew Covington, “Moving Day, 1974”
38 Ben Lash, The Dragonfly’s Journey
39 Eric Seger-Pera, Mossy Railing
40 Fiona Kelly-Miller, “Our laughter”
41 Julie Whelan Capell, Apocalypse pantry
42 Rebecca Matthew, “Chained”
43 Kelsie Kasky, “In Memory of”
45 Alex Garner, Remembering the Water
47 Family Overlooking the Wisconsin Dells
48 Karen Nahkla, “Golden Tears”
50 Julie Whelan-Capell, “Metta Sonnet”
51 Matthew Faller, “A Hug”
————— Creativity
53 Matthew Faller, “A Return to Writing”
54 Jordyn Vena, “Priorities”
55 Margarita Buitrago, “Thought Circus”
56 Timothy Knapp, Phonics
67 Eric Nassos, “A Coffee Shop Dream”
69 Margarita Buitrago, “Eights of Smoke”
70 Eric Seger-Pera, “Amerigo”
71 Milwaukee Atheneuem
72 Eric Nassos, “Addicted Author”
73 Nora Bravos, Jaundice, Picture of Health, In Vogue
74 Timothy Knapp, “Sessionable”
75 Eric Nassos, “Eyebrows”
76 Rebecca Matthew, “Dear King”
85 Kelsy Kasky, “etta”
86 Emma Mueller, “No One to Blame”
91 Andy Mayer, Old Globe
92 Margarita Buitrago, “The Crustacean Hindrance of Life”
93 Margarita Buitrago. “Masquerade”
99 Eric Seger-Pera, “Darkness”
100 Eric Nassos, “Ear”
101 Eric Nassos,“Hand”
102 Gracie Overstreet, “Because Wild Animals Don’t Get Panic Attacks”
103 Nora Bravos, “Fever dream”
104 Nora Bravos. “Shoes That I’ll Use to Stomp on You”
106 Timothy Knapp, “Lamp”
107 Margarita Buitrago, “When I Reach Delphinium Station”
108 Ben Lash, “South of Old Town”
109 Authors’ Biographies
110 Editors’ Biographie
Habitat ecology of intertidal nekton in southern New Jersey salt marshes:: tidal influences in natural and restored marshes
No full textIntertidal creeks are of particular importance to the nekton community as they represent a critical corridor linking marsh surface and subtidal habitats during periods of tidal inundation. Nekton use of intertidal creeks is controlled by marsh hydroperiod and varies temporally and spatially according to multiple physical and biological factors. Many oligohaline and mesohaline southern New Jersey salt marshes have been altered through anthropogenic disturbance, in the form of salt hay farming, or the invasion and subsequent dominance of Phragmites australis. Intertidal creeks are especially vulnerable to marsh habitat alteration, which may affect creek structure and function, but may be mitigated (or reversed) through habitat restoration efforts. Intertidal creek nekton were sampled in multiple marsh types (i.e., natural, invasive-dominated, and marshes treated either to remove Phragmites or to restore tidal flow to former salt hay farms) using three different sampling gears (i.e., weirs, seines, and underwater video) to compare nekton utilization between marsh types, determine general nekton tidal use patterns, and evaluate overall restoration success. Intertidal creek nekton collections in all marsh types consisted primarily of resident nekton and were dominated by a relatively low number of ubiquitous intertidal species, especially Fundulus heteroclitus. Low tide stages were characterized by resident nekton (dominated by F. heteroclitus), while high tide stages were characterized by a variable mix of transient (dominated by Anchoa mitchilli, Menidia menidia, and Callinectes sapidus) and resident nekton. Examination of intertidal creek nekton at multiple spatial and temporal scales within the tidal cycle (using seines and underwater video) generally found that the tidal use patterns of the most abundant nekton were similar in all marsh types. Most studies found that treated marsh creeks provided enhanced conditions for intertidal nekton, as evidenced by species abundances in treated marshes as compared to natural or invasive-dominated marshes. However, the short and long-term response of intertidal creek nekton suggests that the stage of the restoration may influence the results of comparisons between marsh types and should be considered when evaluating marsh restorations.Ph. D
Matthew Arnold’s epics:towards a communicative approach
No full textAbstract
This thesis is, on the one hand, an investigation into Matthew Arnold’s (1822–1888) literary communications and, on the other hand, an attempt to mediate between his writings and a twenty-first century readership. Arnold’s oeuvre is substantial and varied, but this study focuses on his epic poetry, which has remained a neglected part of his body of work despite its significance both to the author himself and to developing an understanding of Arnold’s development as a poet, cultural critic, and iconic ‘Victorian sage’. Furthermore, it is his epic poetry that seems to most fully address the theme of communication, and thus these longer poems function as points of orientation for a broader inquiry into Arnold’s communications. Arnold himself was keenly aware of the complicated status of communicative acts, but these complications have not always been acknowledged by the generations of criticism that have emerged since his death. Critics have thus produced images of Arnold which have not always done justice to the complexity of his communications. Based on an understanding of ‘communicative’ as a position of mediation between writers and readers, this thesis addresses the need for a more balanced communicative framework for mediating between Arnold’s writings in general — and his epic poetry in particular — his critics, and present audiences.Tiivistelmä
Tässä väitöskirjassa tarkastellaan Matthew Arnoldin (1822–1888) kirjallista kommunikaatiota, pyrkien välittämään hänen kirjoitustensa merkityksiä 2000-luvun yleisölle. Arnoldin kirjallinen tuotanto on runsas ja monipuolinen, mutta tässä tutkimuksessa keskitytään erityisesti hänen runoepiikkansa tulkintaan. Tämä osa hänen työstään on jäänyt tutkimuksessa verrattain vähäiseen asemaan huolimatta siitä, että Arnoldin kaksi lyhyttä runoeeposta olivat tärkeitä paitsi hänelle itselleen, mutta erityisesti osana hänen kehitystään runoilijana, kulttuurikriitikkona ja ikonisena viktoriaanisen ajan julkisena intellektuellina.
Arnoldin runoepiikka vaikuttaa myös tutkivan kommunikaation teemaa laajemmin kuin hänen muut runonsa, ja toimii myös tällä tavoin keskiönä hänen oman kommunikaationsa laajemmalle tarkastelulle. Arnold oli varsin tietoinen kommunikaatiopyrkimystensä haasteista, mutta näitä ongelmia ei ole hänen kuolemansa jälkeen ilmestyneessä kritiikissä aina otettu huomioon. Näin on syntynyt monia Arnold-käsityksiä, jotka eivät välttämättä tee oikeutta hänen kommunikaationsa monivivahteisuudelle. Tämä väitöskirja pyrkii tuottamaan tasapainoisemman kommunikatiivisen lähestymistavan toimiakseen välittäjänä Arnoldin kirjoitusten, eritoten hänen eepostensa, ja nykylukijan välillä
'Melancholic Taxidermy'
No full textArticle in 'Antennae: The Journal of Nature in Visual Culture', Issue 7, Pages 52-58, September 2008.
An interview by Eric Frank about the nature and scope of Chloë Brown’s practice and research.
Author: Eric Frank
Editor in Chief: Giovanni Aloi
Senior Academic Board: Steve Baker, Eric Brown, Jessica Ullrich, Rachel Poliquin, Ken Rinaldo, Annie Potts, Donna Haraway, Linda Kalof, Matthew Brower, Rosemarie McGoldrick, Ron Broglio.
Founded in September 2006 the journal combines a heightened level of academic scrutiny of animals in visual culture. The Journal provides a platform and encourages the overlap of the professional spheres of artists, scientists, environmental activists, curators, academics, and general readers. It combines academic writing, interviews, informative articles, and discussions with an illustrated format. Antennae has become a point of reference for animal and environmental studies in the arts. With a readership spanning 34 countries, the Journal delivers downloadable issues, on a quarterly basis. Offering a mixture of academic writing, informative articles, and interviews with leading and emerging artists, curators, scholars, film directors, scientists, and media producers, Antennae is effectively inviting participation in the animal studies debate by focusing on the increasing relevance of environmental studies and reframing mainstream perspectives on animals and humanism.</p
the churches of lalibela: erosion and encrustation as transformative musical processes
No full textThis thesis outlines a new compositional grammar for my recent compositional practice as demonstrated by the collection of original musical work supplied in the accompanying folio of compositions, itself collectively titled the churches of lalibela. The grammar here outlined and explored presents developments in compositional procedure resulting from re-considering acts of musical transformation in terms of erosion and encrustation. Within the terminologies of this thesis, erosion and encrustation are understood as classes of compositional action (applied to musical materials) defined by operations of erasure/removal and addition/accrual respectively. Using examples from the visual arts as a mechanism for discussion, the thesis develops a wider conceptual understanding of these terms, allowing them to be considered no
longer as opposites but as intertwined mechanisms mutually achieving a state of material distortion. A compositional scenario is thus derived in which the sonic surface of a given instance of a composition can be understood as being comprised of the debris resulting from such processes. To develop an understanding of this scenario, the thesis further explores ideas concerning ambiguity of material definition and the role such ambiguity can play in relation to material comparison within the experience of a musical discourse. As such, the grammar here derived can be said to exposit a preoccupation with comparison of material debris of different classes and/or degrees of distortion within the listening experience. The thesis also explores the nature and function of material consistency with regard to definition, illustrating the difference between two terms with a notion of consistency achieved through inconsistency
Researching the History of Rites
No full textThis chapter discusses the potential of liturgical rites as sources,
some practical ways in which one can work with this material, some problems
that are likely to be encountered, and some possible directions for future
research. The focus is on how one can go about doing such research into medieval liturgical rituals
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