1,720,954 research outputs found
Uloga medicinske sestre pri dijagnostičkim i terapijskim postupcima kod karcinoma jajnika
No full textRak jajnika je među ženama u svijetu sedmi po učestalosti. U odnosu na sve ostale
tumore začuđuje činjenica da je najsmrtonosniji od svih ginekoloških tumora, a čini svega 4%
svih ženskih karcinoma. Veliki problem je kasno otkrivanje bolesti, jer se najčešće otkriva u
uznapredovanom stadiju kada su ograničene mogućnosti liječenja. Važno je naglasiti
redovitost ginekoloških pregleda i pravovremenog prepoznavanja simptoma. Etiologija bolesti
je nepoznata, ali postoje rizični čimbenici koji mogu dovesti do nastanka ove bolesti kao što su:
reproduktivni sustav žene, dob, zloćudne bolesti u obitelji, faktori okoline, pušenje, prehrana
te pretilost mogu povećati rizik za nastanak karcinoma jajnika. Najčešće se javlja u dobi od 50
do 80 godina kod žena koje su u menopauzi, ali može se javiti i kod mlađih žena. Kod mlađih
žena javlja se u dobi od 15. do 35. godine.
Simptoma u početku nema, pojavljuju se kada tumor naraste ili se proširi. Od ranijih
simptoma javlja se osjećaj punoće u trbuhu, slabost, bolovi u donjem dijelu trbuha, povećanje
trbuha, pritisak na rektum i mokraćni mjehur. U kasnijim stadijima nakuplja se ascites, trbuh
se izrazito povećava, javlja se otežano disanje zbog ascitesa, smanjuje se apsorpcija hranjivih
tvari, pacijentica postaje mršava (tanki i mišićavi ekstremiteti, veliki trbuh), lice je mršavo, upali
obrazi, koža je sivo-pepeljaste boje (facies ovarica). Dijagnoza se postavlja ginekološkim
pregledom, ultrazvukom, određivanjem tumorskih markera te drugim radiološki pretragama.
Liječenje ovisi o stadiju bolesti, a može biti kirurško liječenje, primjena kemoterapije ili
zračenje.
Medicinska sestra treba biti stručna, kvalitetna i empatična jer tijekom dijagnostičkih i
terapijskih postupaka ima važnu ulogu posebice kao podrška pacijentici. Neke od zadaća
medicinske sestre su upućivanje pacijentice na dijagnostičke postupke, uključivanje u liječenje
bolesti, zdravstvena njega, edukacija bolesnice i članova njene obitelji, pružanje psihološke
pomoći, ublažavanje simptoma bolesti te nuspojava liječenja
Uloga medicinske sestre pri dijagnostičkim i terapijskim postupcima kod karcinoma jajnika
No full textRak jajnika je među ženama u svijetu sedmi po učestalosti. U odnosu na sve ostale
tumore začuđuje činjenica da je najsmrtonosniji od svih ginekoloških tumora, a čini svega 4%
svih ženskih karcinoma. Veliki problem je kasno otkrivanje bolesti, jer se najčešće otkriva u
uznapredovanom stadiju kada su ograničene mogućnosti liječenja. Važno je naglasiti
redovitost ginekoloških pregleda i pravovremenog prepoznavanja simptoma. Etiologija bolesti
je nepoznata, ali postoje rizični čimbenici koji mogu dovesti do nastanka ove bolesti kao što su:
reproduktivni sustav žene, dob, zloćudne bolesti u obitelji, faktori okoline, pušenje, prehrana
te pretilost mogu povećati rizik za nastanak karcinoma jajnika. Najčešće se javlja u dobi od 50
do 80 godina kod žena koje su u menopauzi, ali može se javiti i kod mlađih žena. Kod mlađih
žena javlja se u dobi od 15. do 35. godine.
Simptoma u početku nema, pojavljuju se kada tumor naraste ili se proširi. Od ranijih
simptoma javlja se osjećaj punoće u trbuhu, slabost, bolovi u donjem dijelu trbuha, povećanje
trbuha, pritisak na rektum i mokraćni mjehur. U kasnijim stadijima nakuplja se ascites, trbuh
se izrazito povećava, javlja se otežano disanje zbog ascitesa, smanjuje se apsorpcija hranjivih
tvari, pacijentica postaje mršava (tanki i mišićavi ekstremiteti, veliki trbuh), lice je mršavo, upali
obrazi, koža je sivo-pepeljaste boje (facies ovarica). Dijagnoza se postavlja ginekološkim
pregledom, ultrazvukom, određivanjem tumorskih markera te drugim radiološki pretragama.
Liječenje ovisi o stadiju bolesti, a može biti kirurško liječenje, primjena kemoterapije ili
zračenje.
Medicinska sestra treba biti stručna, kvalitetna i empatična jer tijekom dijagnostičkih i
terapijskih postupaka ima važnu ulogu posebice kao podrška pacijentici. Neke od zadaća
medicinske sestre su upućivanje pacijentice na dijagnostičke postupke, uključivanje u liječenje
bolesti, zdravstvena njega, edukacija bolesnice i članova njene obitelji, pružanje psihološke
pomoći, ublažavanje simptoma bolesti te nuspojava liječenja
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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