5 research outputs found
पुराण और प्राचीन साहित्य - भक्तिकाव्य धारा
No full textसामान्यत: ' पुराण ' शब्द का अर्थ प्राचीन कथाओं के संग्रह से समझा जाता है | अमरकोशकार ने पुरातन और चिर नवीन स्वरूप की ओर संकेत करते हुए कहा है -
पुराणे प्रतनप्रत्न पुरातन चिरन्तनम् |
प्रत्यगोअभिनवो नव्य नवीनों नूतनोंनव: ||
कतिपय पुराणों में भी शब्द की परिभाषा देते हुए कहा गया है ---
सर्गश्च प्रतिसर्गश्त वंश मन्वन्तराणि च |
वंशानुचरितं चैन पुराण पंचलक्षणम् ||
अर्थात् जिस ग्रन्थ में सर्ग, प्रतिसर्ग, वंश, मन्वनतर तथा वंशानुचरित का वर्णन हो उसे पुराण कहा जाता है | किन्तु पुराणों में मात्र सर्ग, प्रतिसर्ग, अथवा राजवंशावली का वर्णन ही नहीं है वरन हमारी संस्कृति, हमारा सम्पूर्ण लौकिक एवं धार्मिक जीवन सन्निहित है |
भारत मुख्यतः धर्मप्रधान देश है | अतः तद्नुरूप प्राचीन भारतीय साहित्य का विकास भी धार्मिक रूप में हुआ है | इसके अतिरिक्त साहित्यकों का दृष्टिकोण आदेशात्मक था | एक ओर उनके जीवनदर्शन का एक रूप उनकी धर्मसाधना थी, दूसरी ओर लौकिक जीवन में भी उदात्त मानवीय गुणों को ही महत्ता मिली थी | परिणामस्वरूप संस्कृत साहित्य में केवल उदात्त चरित्र ही नाटक तथा महाकाव्य के नायक बन सकते थे| संस्कृत साहित्य में पुराणों की कथाएं को माध्यम बना कर नाटक तथा काव्य ग्रन्थ रचना की व्यापक परम्परा वर्तमान है
Securing Social Media: A Network Structure Approach
No full textDue to its democratized nature, online social media (OSM) attracts millions of users to publish and share their content with friends as well as a wider audience at little cost. Such a vast user base and a wealth of content, however, presents its own challenges. First, the amount of user-generated content being uploaded in their repositories makes it non-trivial for users to find relevant content. Second, the ease of creating an account and participating in OSM enables malicious users to spread and promote spam content while degrading the experience for normal users. Third, growing privacy concerns in OSM motivate users to move toward decentralized social networks which are still in a nascent stage. In this thesis, we propose a network structure approach to address these challenges in OSM. We build scalable and effective graph-based algorithms that recommend content personalized to each user. To tackle adversarial environments, we leverage the social network graph as well as negative feedback from normal users to limit the capability of knowledgeable attackers in multiple scenarios. Further, we highlight some of the practical limitations in existing efforts to build decentralized social networks, and explore new design point in this field which motivate practical designs for future social network-based distributed systems.Software and Computer TechnologyElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Woman in Modern India
No full textThe first historical account of Indian woman dates from the nineteenth century and is a product of the colonial experience. These accounts tell of an ancient time when woman were held in high esteem followed by a long period when their status declined. Then Europeans came into the scene. The foreign rulers, according to these narratives, introduced new ideas about woman’s roles and capabilities and these ideas were adopted by enlightened Indians. It was slow but progressive march towards “modernity” following a long period of stagnation and decline .Both British missionaries and those Indian reformers who welcomed the opportunity to put forth a critique of their own society hypothesized a “golden age” followed by centuries of corruption and betrayal
