16,092 research outputs found
Cheilonimata Provenzano-Rizzi 2023, new genus
No full text<i>Cheilonimata</i> new genus <p> <b>Type-species.</b> <i>Cheilonimata minuta</i> new species by original designation.</p> <p> <b>Includes.</b> <i>Cheilonimata minuta</i> new species. <i>Rhadinoloricaria papillosa</i> Crispim-Rodrigues, Bernt, Waltz, Silva, Benine, Oliveira, Covain, and Roxo 2023. <i>Cheilonimata papillosa</i> (Crispim-Rodrigues, Bernt, Waltz, Silva, Benine, Oliveira, Covain, and Roxo 2023) new combination.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> The new genus <i>Cheilonimata</i> is included in the subfamily Loricariinae, tribe Loricariini, <i>Pseudohemiodon</i> group (Covain <i>et al</i>. 2016; Roxo <i>et al</i>. 2019; Londoño-Burbano & Reis 2021). Species of the <i>Pseudohemiodon</i> group share the following external characters: head and body very depressed, especially the caudal peduncle; caudal-fin with ten branched rays; maxillary barbel usually reaches or surpasses gill opening or pectoral-fin origin; 16 or fewer teeth in each mandible, teeth small or very small, in some cases an edentulous upper jaw; lip surfaces with papillae and/or barblets; lip borders with barblets branched or not; oral cavity with barblets, mostly on palate; post-orbital notch small and abdomen surface from totally plated to partially plated or naked.</p> <p> <i>Cheilonimata</i> n. gen. can be recognized among all genera of the subfamily Loricariinae, including those belonging to the <i>Loricaria</i> and <i>Pseudohemiodon</i> groups by the presence of two unique and distinctive buccal characters: 1) Presence of translucent membrane that contain and interconnects the unbranched barblets found on upper lip border and on maxillary barbel, leaving only the tips of the barblets free <i>vs.</i> barblets found on upper lip border and on maxillary barbel free, without the interconnecting translucent membrane or in some cases, a very narrow translucent membrane at base of the barblets, never as described for <i>Cheilonimata</i>. 2) Lower lip surface with cylindrical, lengthened and unbranched barblets, some of them surpassing the posterior lower lip margin <i>vs.</i> lower lip surface with papillae or with papillae and barblets, some species may have lower lip with a thick pad of musculature.</p> <p> Further distinguished from all species of the <i>Pseudohemiodon</i> group, except <i>C. papillosa</i> by lower lip margin with unbranched barblets and without protuberances <i>vs.</i> lower lip margin with branched barblets or with small protuberances, in some cases. From all species of the <i>Pseudohemiodon</i> group except species of <i>Pseudohemiodon</i> and <i>C. papillosa</i> (except the holotype) by palate behind premaxillaries at midline, with one elongated, cylindrical, unbranched, fleshy barblet <i>vs.</i> two (one just anterior the other) elongated, cylindrical, unbranched, fleshy barblets, or with one thick barblet, ramified into three or four conical arms, similarly or variable sized, or with six or seven elongated, branched and unbranched barblets. From <i>Apistoloricaria condei</i>, <i>A. laani, C. papillosa</i>, <i>Crossoloricaria bahuaja</i>, <i>Planiloricaria cryptodon, Rhadinoloricaria listrorhinos, R. macromystax, R. ommation</i> and <i>R. stewarti</i> by maxillary barbel only reaches pectoral-fin origin <i>vs.</i> maxillary barbel surpasses pectoral-fin base. From <i>Dentectus barbarmatus</i> and <i>Pyxiloricaria menezesi</i> by maxillary barbel reaches pectoral-fin origin <i>vs.</i> maxillary barbel not surpassing gill opening. Also distinguishable from <i>D. barbarmatus</i> by maxillary barbel surface without plates, barblets on upper lip margin not covering the mouth opening and upper jaw teeth visible to naked eye <i>vs.</i> maxillary barbel surface with plates, barblets on upper lip margin lengthened to cover the mouth opening and upper jaw teeth very small, hard to observe to naked eyes. From <i>P. cryptodon</i> by upper jaw teeth present <i>vs.</i> upper jaw teeth absent. From <i>P. menezesi</i> by head contour not triangular and without fleshy flap on branchiostegal membrane <i>vs.</i> head contour triangular and with fleshy flap covering branchiostegal membrane. From <i>R. macromystax</i> and <i>R. stewarti</i> by snout not projected and spatula-shape <i>vs.</i> snout projected and spatula shape.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> <i>Cheilonimata</i> is derived from the Greek, “Χείλος <i>” Cheilos</i> meaning lip and “νημάτια <i>” nimátia</i> or <i>nimata</i> meaning threads or filaments, alluding to the cylindrical, elongated, unbranched and fleshy barblets observed over lower lip surface. Gender feminine.</p>Published as part of <i>Provenzano-Rizzi, Francisco, 2023, A new genus and species of whiptail armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariinae) from southern Venezuela, pp. 315-328 in Zootaxa 5315 (4)</i> on pages 317-318, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5315.4.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8142274">http://zenodo.org/record/8142274</a>
Cheilonimata minuta Provenzano-Rizzi 2023, new species
No full text<i>Cheilonimata minuta</i> new species <p>Figs. 1–3, Table 1</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0A23FE54-7101-4F2A-B4E6-13F552406CEC</p> <p>New genus and species “L3”. Provenzano, 2011:72–75, Figs 41–42.</p> <p> <b>Holotype</b> MBUCV-V-32954, 54.3 mm SL, Orinoco River at sand island ca. 1/ 2 km upstream from Guachapana (Guachipana), approx. 03°54’30”N, 66°59’30”W, 08 March 1987, B. Chernoff, W.G. Saul, H. López-Rojas, J. Fernández, O. Castillo and M.E. Antonio, (V87-3).</p> <p> <b>Paratypes</b> (All from Venezuela, Amazonas State).</p> <p>MBUCV-V-29154, 35.6 mm SL, same data as holotype. ANSP 162156, 2, 39.5–46.2 mm SL, same data as holotype. MBUCV-V-17551, 2 alc, 1 c&s, 54.6–54.8 mm SL, Orinoco River, at beach 1/2 h upstream from Temblador Island, approx. 03°10’05”N, 66°34’34”W, 10 March 1987, B. Chernoff, H. López-Rojas, W.G. Saul, O. Castillo, M.E. Antonio, J. Fernández and J. Moreno, (V87-6). MBUCV-V-17580, 41.1 mm SL, Casiquiare River, approx. 7 km downstream from the mouth of the Pamoni River, small caño at E side, approx. 03°05’49”N, 65°53’46”W, 20 March 1987, B. Chernoff, H. López-Rojas, J. Fernández, O. Castillo and M.E. Antonio, (V87-38). AUM 56760, 4, 65.4–74.3 mm SL, Orinoco River, beach in the middle of the river, upstream mouth of Ventuari River, 91 km ESE San Fernando de Atabapo, 03°42’09” N 66°57’18” W, 03 March 2005, N.K. Lujan, D. Werneke, M.H. Sabaj and M. Arce.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> As given for genus. In addition, <i>C. minuta</i> is very similar to <i>C. papillosa</i>, and can be distinguished by maxillary barbel reaches gill opening <i>vs.</i> maxillary barbel reaches middle of pectoral-fin in <i>C. papillosa</i>; lateral series plates 29–32 (mode 32) <i>vs.</i> lateral series plates 27–29 and pectoral-fin with two or three transversal dark stripes on unbranched and branched rays <i>vs.</i> pectoral-fin with one wide stripe on unbranched and branched rays. Other differences related to the number teeth in upper jaw and body color pattern need to be confirmed with direct examination.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Morphometric data is presented in Table 1. Specimens small with fragile or delicate appearance. In lateral view, head and body very depressed, caudal peduncle without adipose-fin; body deeper at eye level and gradually tapering towards caudal-fin origin (Fig. 1). Dorsal profile of body from tip of snout through anterior eye border straight and ascending with 45° slope approximately, from this point to caudal-fin origin descending straight. Ventral profile of head and body flat and straight (Fig. 1). In dorsal view, head contour elliptical with sides gently convex; snout not projected, tip rounded; body wider at branchial opening or pectoral-fin insertion and tapering gradually and continuously to caudal-fin origin (Fig. 1). Pectoral-fin insertion slightly posterior to vertical through posterior margin of orbit. Dorsal-fin origin opposite to pelvic-fin insertion. Anal-fin origin at lateral plate number nine or ten (Fig. 1).</p> <p>Eyes located dorsally, relatively large, orbit with shallow posterior notch, and with ventral extension; eyeball appears internally withdrawn from the ventral edge of the bone orbit.From nostrils until anterior edge of supraoccipital two parallel low keels pass between eyes. Then over supraoccipital, keels converge posteriorly becoming single keel, until ending at supraoccipital tip. Predorsal region with three unpaired plates, first and second plates double keeled, third with a single keel (Fig. 1).</p> <p>Ventral surface of head without plates.Abdomen, in larger specimens, nearly naked with only three longitudinal and discontinuous lines or rows of very minute, not clumped, irregularly shaped plates; plate rows include one midventral almost reaching anus, and two lateral rows between pectoral and pelvic fins. In small specimens, abdomen naked with only few and scattered very minute plates, difficult to observe with naked eye. Thoracic plates only observed in specimens more than 65.0 mm SL (Fig. 2a). Anus projected as very small tube, delimited by naked area. Urogenital papilla not visible, apparently attached to posterior surface of anal tube (Fig. 2a).</p> <p>Mouth ventral; maxillary barbel reaches pectoral-fin spine origin. Upper lip border and maxillary barbel with elongated, cylindrical, unbranched, fleshy barblets embedded and interconnected by translucent membrane, leaving only barblet tips free (Fig. 2b). Translucent membrane occurs along upper lip margin and on proximal two thirds of maxillary barbel. Also, translucent membrane connects maxillary barbel with lower lip border, laterally and internally. Upper lip surface very narrow and continuous with maxillary barbel and has few elongated, cylindrical, unbranched fleshy barblets (Fig. 2b). Lower lip wide, its margin with unbranched barblets and its surface covered with elongated, cylindrical, unbranched fleshy barblets, which resemble filaments; some of these barblets surpasses lower lip margin (Fig. 2b). Palate with one elongate, cylindrical, unbranched, fleshy barblet behind premaxillaries at midline and one barblet with the same shape, lateral and external to each premaxilla (Fig. 2b, 3).</p> <p>Both jaws with very small, but visible teeth, with similar size in each jaw. Premaxillary with two to three teeth and dentary with four to five teeth (Fig. 3). Teeth asymmetrically with outer cusp very small and pointed, sometimes not visible and inner cusp more developed, rounded; crown yellow or golden, stalk whitish (Fig. 3).</p> <p>Body sides with 29–32 (mode 32) plates in mid-lateral series, 17–20 (mode 18) coalescent plates and 9–14 (mode 14) posterior plates. Thoracic plates (between pectoral-fin to pelvic-fin, bases) 8–9 only observed in specimens with more than 65.0 mm SL. Post-dorsal plates 22–23; post-anal plates 19–20. Five plates along dorsal-fin base and three plates along anal-fin base. Dorsal-fin rays i,7, no spinelet nor vestigial bony plate observed; pectoral-fin rays i,6; pelvic-fin rays i,5; anal-fin rays i,5 and caudal-fin rays i,10,i. Pelvic-fin unbranched ray surpasses origin of anal-fin. Caudal fin with upper unbranched ray projected as filament (broken in holotype). First unbranched ray of dorsal, pectoral, pelvic and anal fins not elongated as filaments.</p> <p> <b>Color in alcohol.</b> Dorsal surface of head and body light brown or yellowish, presence of six or seven transverse dark brown bands or stripes, sometimes faded, behind pectoral fin, first band at end of pectoral-fin base, second at dorsal-fin origin, third at end of dorsal-fin, remaining three or four, posterior to anal-fin base to caudal-fin origin (Fig. 1). Ventral surface of head and body yellowish or creamy, uniform (Figs 1–2a). Dorsal, pectoral, pelvic and caudal-fins rays with dark bands; two longitudinal on dorsal fin, two or three transversal on pectoral fin, one on pelvic fin, sometime faded, and one on caudal fin, oblique; interradial membranes hyaline (Fig.1). Anal-fin rays uniform, whitish or yellowish, interradial membrane hyaline (Fig. 1).</p> <p> <b>Geographic distribution.</b> Available records indicate <i>C. minuta</i> inhabits the upper Orinoco River and the Casiquiare River, Amazonas state, Venezuela (Fig. 4). The information about capture sites indicates clear to black waters environments with sandy, rocky, gravel and pebbles bottoms. The water has low pH and conductivity levels, and little quantity of suspended sediments.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> <i>minuta</i> is taken from the Latin meaning small, which is a trait exhibited by the analyzed specimens.</p>Published as part of <i>Provenzano-Rizzi, Francisco, 2023, A new genus and species of whiptail armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariinae) from southern Venezuela, pp. 315-328 in Zootaxa 5315 (4)</i> on pages 318-322, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5315.4.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8142274">http://zenodo.org/record/8142274</a>
FIGURE 3. Rhadinoloricaria stewarti, MEPN 15094, 108.7 in New finding of Rhadinoloricaria macromystax (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) redescription of the genus and description of a new species from Ecuador
No full textFIGURE 3. Rhadinoloricaria stewarti, MEPN 15094, 108.7 mm SL, holotype. Lateral, dorsal and ventral view, photograph by V. Carvajal.Published as part of Provenzano-Rizzi, Francisco & Barriga-Salazar, Ramiro, 2020, New finding of Rhadinoloricaria macromystax (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) redescription of the genus and description of a new species from Ecuador, pp. 485-500 in Zootaxa 4779 (4) on page 492, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4779.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/383938
Rhadinoloricaria stewarti Provenzano-Rizzi & Barriga-Salazar 2020, new species
No full textRhadinoloricaria stewarti, new species Figures 3, 4, 5 Table 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9FFDE00C-2174-4D50-9E58-CDAE1BC65E76 Holotype. MEPN 15094, 108.7 mm SL, Ecuador, Orellana Province, Tiguino No. 1 River, tributary of Cononaco River, Napo River system, 150 m from bridge, at military post, approx. 01°01’16”S 76°58’46”W, 11 Feb 1990, R. Barriga. Paratypes. Ecuador, Pastaza Province: MEPN 10303, 2, 109.9 – 125.4 mm SL, Bobonaza River, near its mouth on Pastaza River, approx. 02°22’18”S 76°22’18”W Oct. 1963, M. Olalla. MEPN 14710, 3, 107.4 – 118.7 mm SL; Corrientes River, approx. 02°10’50”S 76°40’32”W, May 1964, M. Olalla. MECN-DP- 4247, 110.5 mm SL, Villano River, tributary of Curaray River, Napo River system, approx. 01°23’12”S 76°57’22”W, Oct. 2014, L. Guarderas. Diagnosis. Rhadinoloricaria stewarti is distinguished from R. macromystax by snout shape, more pointed and less projected (snout length 11.3%–13.3% SL vs. 14.6%–15.1% SL). Further distinguished by longer caudal peduncle (postanal length 48.9%–50.8% SL vs. 45.2%–46.1% SL.), more distance dorsal-fin to caudal-fin (postdorsal length 57.5%–59.0% SL vs. 54.3% SL), and abdomen plating variable, totally or partially covered with plates vs. abdomen totally covered with plates. Description. Morphometric data given in Table 1. Head and body extremely depressed, principally caudal peduncle. Dorsal profile of body from tip of snout to anterior border of eyes straight and ascendant, then gradually descending straight to caudal-fin origin. Ventral profile of body straight and horizontal. In dorsal view, contour of body straight and convergent posteriorly, tapering gradually. Dorsal surface from the dorsal-fin origin to caudal-fin origin flat. Ventral surface of caudal peduncle flat (Fig. 3). Head contour (outline), in dorsal view, triangular, anterior apex rounded and sides straight. Snout projected, spatula-shaped, anterior edge rounded (Figs. 3, 4, 5). Nares very near eye, and juxtaposed, anterior smaller than posterior. Interorbital space very narrow. Orbit with weak notch at posterior border. Anterior border of orbit raised and with small odontodes. Two low keels run from posterior border of orbits to second plate before dorsal-fin ori- gin, keels converge posteriorly, and then become parallel. In ventral view of head, tip of snout covered with plates; posteriorly with naked area visible in front of the upper lip (Fig. 3). Surface anterior to pectoral-fin girdle and under the lower lip naked. Abdomen covered with plates in two patterns. At level and over pectoral girdle, transverse band of irregularly arranged plates present. Behind and at center of pectoral girdle, transverse band continues posteriorly as a longitudinal medial row towards anus. At pelvic girdle level, the row enlarges into patch, with more plates of different sizes, ending just in front of anus. Longitudinal medial row divides belly surface into two naked areas, with small plates randomly disposed, generally grouped anteriorly and more dispersed posteriorly (Fig. 4a). In other specimens, row composed by one or two small, irregular polygonal plates, and two complete naked areas (Fig. 4b). Anus surrounded by naked narrow area. Row with nine to eleven lateral plates between bases of pectoral and pelvic-fins, most anterior two plates smaller and irregularly rounded, not projected laterally, remaining seven to nine elongated plates, projected laterally (true thoracic plates) (Figs. 3, 4). Mouth ventral, more or less rounded. Upper lip narrow, its border with barbelets not branched; upper lip surface with barbelets and few papillae. Upper lip border continuous with maxillary barbel. Maxillary barbel very long, surpassing pectoral-fin base, almost reach pelvic-fin origin. Maxillary barbel carry unbranched barbelets along its border. Lower lip broader than upper, its border has longer barbelets branched. Lower lip surface covered with barbelets or with papillae and barbelets (Figs 4, 5). Presence of many papillae on lower lip correlated with a male sexual dimorphism during the breading season (males carry the eggs in the mouth). Teeth minute and few, similar in both jaws. Teeth small, spoon shaped, with a small lateral projection that does not reach distal margin, cusp rounded. Premaxilla with four teeth. Dentary with six to eight teeth (Fig. 5). Buccal ornamentation as indicated for genus. Outer side of each premaxilla with four or five conical barbelets, unbranched, differently sized. Barbelets seem rooted in wide papillae. Inside mouth, just on center, and behind premaxillae, with one thick barbelet, branched in three or four conical arms, unbranched, with same or different size (Fig. 5). Lateral body plates 32–33, 17–18 coalescent plates, and 14–15 lateral plates with single keel. First three lateral plates (posterior to cleithral spine) without keels. Dorsal-fin i,7 its origin located slightly behind pelvic-fin origin. Adipose fin absent. Pectoral-fin i,6, when adpressed, tip of unbranched ray surpassing pelvic-fin origin. Pelvic-fin i,5 distal region of the unbranched ray is slightly curved and when adpressed, almost or reaches anal-fin origin. Anal-fin i,5 its origin on lateral plate 10 or 11. Caudal-fin i,10,i dorsal, unbranched caudal ray projected as long filament (Fig 3). Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of head and body yellow or light brown with black (dark) irregular blotches or stripes, disposed and oriented randomly, over snout, mostly arranged longitudinally (Fig. 3). Dorsally, maxillary barbel with alternating dark (black) and light brown (yellowish) bands (Fig. 3). Laterally, between pelvic and anal fins, four to six black (dark) blotches, inverted hairpin-shaped irregularly, discolored in some specimens. Ventral region of head and body whitish. Dorsal, pectoral and pelvic fins with rectangular or square black blotches on rays; interradial membranes hyaline. Dorsal, pectoral and pelvic-fin spines, may have up to eight, six and four black blotches, respectively. Anal fin uniform whitish or yellow. Caudal fin with three or four black blotches on rays, simulating three or four transversal dark bands. Anterior transverse band wide and well defined near base of middle rays; posterior band thin and weakly defined. Distal border of caudal fin hyaline (Fig. 3). Geographic distribution. Specimens of R. stewarti come from the Napo, Corrientes, and Pastaza rivers, in Orellana and Pastaza provinces, eastern Ecuador (Fig. 6). Apparently, R. stewarti may have a wide geographical distribution, but the few specimens captured suggest is an uncommon species. Etymology. The specific epithet honors Donald S. Stewart, in recognition of his contributions to the knowledge of the freshwater fishes, especially the Napo River, Ecuador.Published as part of Provenzano-Rizzi, Francisco & Barriga-Salazar, Ramiro, 2020, New finding of Rhadinoloricaria macromystax (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) redescription of the genus and description of a new species from Ecuador, pp. 485-500 in Zootaxa 4779 (4) on pages 491-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4779.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/383938
Provenzano, Francisco
No full textCentro Asturiano membership record of Francisco Provenzano; Socio Number: 34462.https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/asturiano_membership/4763/thumbnail.jp
FIGURE 7 in New finding of Rhadinoloricaria macromystax (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) redescription of the genus and description of a new species from Ecuador
No full textFIGURE 7. Detail of maxillary barbel length, abdomen cover and buccal ornamentation. a) Crossoloricaria rhami, 127.0 mm SL, holotype, taken from ACSI image data base. b) Crossoloricaria bahuaja. MUSM 9916, 115.9 mm SL, holotype, photograph by L. Chumbe Nolasco. c) Apistoloricaria condei, MEPN 3041, 140.1 mm SL, paratype. d) Apistoloricaria laani MBUCV-V- 19332, 116.7 mm SL.Published as part of Provenzano-Rizzi, Francisco & Barriga-Salazar, Ramiro, 2020, New finding of Rhadinoloricaria macromystax (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) redescription of the genus and description of a new species from Ecuador, pp. 485-500 in Zootaxa 4779 (4) on page 496, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4779.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/383938
Fig. 6 in A new species of whiptail armored catfish, genus Pseudohemiodon (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Orinoco River basin, Llanos region of Colombia and Venezuela
No full textFig. 6. Detail of buccal ornamentation. a. Pseudohemiodon unillano, paratype, MBUCV-V-20148, 166.9 mm SL; b. Crossoloricaria venezuelae, MBUCV-V-2175, 57.8 mm SL.Published as part of Rojas-Molina, Yecid Andrey, Provenzano-Rizzi, Francisco & Ramírez-Gil, Hernando, 2019, A new species of whiptail armored catfish, genus Pseudohemiodon (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Orinoco River basin, Llanos region of Colombia and Venezuela, pp. 1-10 in Neotropical Ichthyology 17 (2) on page 8, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20180160, http://zenodo.org/record/365003
FIGURE 6 in The genus Pseudohemiodon (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in Ecuador, with the description of a new species
No full textFIGURE 6. Map of Ecuador showing the geographic distribution of Pseudohemiodon species. P. almendarizi, red star, type locality, P. apithanos, yellow triangles, P. lamina, black circles. Some symbols may represent more than one lot.Published as part of Provenzano-Rizzi, Francisco, Argüello, Pablo & Barriga-Salazar, Ramiro, 2022, The genus Pseudohemiodon (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in Ecuador, with the description of a new species, pp. 77-91 in Zootaxa 5129 (1) on page 87, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5129.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/648818
FIGURE 1. Pseudohemiodon almendarizi, MEPN 17903, 87.9 in The genus Pseudohemiodon (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in Ecuador, with the description of a new species
No full textFIGURE 1. Pseudohemiodon almendarizi, MEPN 17903, 87.9 mm SL, holotype. Lateral, dorsal and ventral views. Scale bar 1 cm. Photos by P. Argüello.Published as part of Provenzano-Rizzi, Francisco, Argüello, Pablo & Barriga-Salazar, Ramiro, 2022, The genus Pseudohemiodon (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in Ecuador, with the description of a new species, pp. 77-91 in Zootaxa 5129 (1) on page 80, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5129.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/648818
Pseudohemiodon almendarizi Provenzano-Rizzi & Argüello & Barriga-Salazar 2022, new species
No full textPseudohemiodon almendarizi new species Figures 1, 2, 3, Table 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: BBE0CAE9-D73F-4728-9AC1-33E62A3146D7 Holotype. MEPN 17903, 87.9 mm SL, Ecuador, Orellana Province, Aguarico River, near Puerto Loja, Napo River system, approx. 00°52’57”S 75°13’30”W, 24 July 1998, R. Barriga & D. J. Stewart. Paratype. MEPN 19491, 80.3 mm SL, same data as holotype. Diagnosis. Pseudohemiodon almendarizi can be distinguished from all its congeners by the combinations of the following characters: abdomen totally covered with small to medium-sized, irregularly shaped plates (vs. abdomen partially covered, in P. platycephalus and P. amazonum or covered by one central row of plates wide and rectangular, in P thorectes); absence of small, bony plates, anterior to gill openings (vs. presence of one to three small plates in front of the gill openings, in P. lamina); 12–15 coalescing lateral scutes (vs. 20–21 in P. thorectes); thoracic plates (between pectoral and pelvic fins) fold sideways (vs. thoracic plates do not fold in P. amazonum); eyes relatively smaller, its diameter without notch fits 12.0–12.7 times in HL (vs. 8.3–11.8 times in HL in P. apithanos, 7.1–9.0 times in HL in P. lamina, 8.2–8.7 times in HL in P. laticeps and 8.1–9.2 times in HL in P. unillano); body less wide at anal-fin origin 10.4%–12.0% SL (vs. 13.4%–17.7% SL in P apithanos, 12.8%–13.9% SL in P. laticeps, 11.9%–17.1% SL in P. unillano); six or seven wide and dark transverse bands, posterior to dorsal-fin (vs. bands absent in P. laticeps, P. unillano, and medium to large sized P. lamina (over 60 mm SL) or no more than three or four transverse dark bands posterior to dorsal-fin in P. apithanos, or up to eight in very small sized (below 55 mm SL) of P. lamina. Description: Morphometric data presented in table 1. Head and body very depressed, caudal peduncle long, narrow and very depressed, without adipose-fin (Fig. 1). Maximum body depth at dorsal-fin origin, or slightly ahead and maximum width at cleithrum, becoming narrower posteriorly, gradually, to caudal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of body from tip of snout through anterior border of eye, straight and scarcely sloping up, from this point to dorsal-fin origin, straight and gently inclined or gently convex, then descending straight to caudal-fin origin. Ventral profile of body flat and straight. Pectoral-fin insertions at vertical through posterior margin of orbit. Dorsal-fin origin opposite pelvic-fin insertions. Anal-fin origin at lateral plate number 11 (Fig. 1) Head shape in dorsal view an acute triangle with straight edges. Snout little projected, with rounded tip (Figs 1, 2, 3). Eyes located dorsally, orbits with shallow, ventral and posterior notches. Keels weak with parallel path, from nostrils, through eyes to anterior tip of supraoccipital. Over the supraoccipital, keels convergent posteriorly, becoming closer and again parallel to posterior tip of supraoccipital. Pre-dorsal area with three single plates, first and second with low parallel keels, third with single low keel at midline (Fig. 1). Ventral surface of head naked except for plates along border and snout, no plates anterior to the gill openings. Branchiostegal membrane smooth and uniform, without wrinkled flap on anterior margin or any protuberance or fold (Fig. 2). Mouth ventral with lips laminar and thin. Upper lip very narrow, imperceptible, its border with conical, small, elongated, unbranched barblets, decreasing in size toward middle. Surface of upper lip with sparse small papillae laterally. Border of upper lip continuous with maxillary barbels that extend to gill opening. Maxillary barbel with small, conical, unbranched barblets. Lower lip wide, its edge with elongated, branched, and conical barblets; barblets slightly shorter at middle. Lower lip surface covered with short, fleshy, thick papillae, sometimes slightly elongated (Fig. 2). Teeth present in both jaws, minute but evident, same length, asymmetrical bicuspids with medial cusp more developed and spoon-shaped, lateral cusp very small, sometimes not visible, pointed, apex yellow or golden, stalk white. Premaxillary teeth 2–5, dentary teeth 5–7 (Fig. 2). Buccal ornamentation composed of two or three small, fleshy, cylindrical, elongate and unbranched barblets, at distal side of each premaxillae. Inside mouth, behind premaxillaries, just at middle, with single long, fleshy, cylindrical and unbranched barblet (Fig. 2). Abdomen completely covered with irregularly polygonal-shaped plates, plates small to medium-sized, smaller near pectoral girdle. Anus projected as very small tube, urogenital papilla not visible, apparently attached to posterior surface of anal tube. Anus delimited by a narrow naked area, surrounded by plates (Fig. 2). Body with 33 plates in median lateral series, 13 coalescent plates (double keel) and 20 posterior plates (one keel). Seven to eight thoracic plates (between posterior end of pectoral-fin base and origin of pelvic-fin base). Postdorsal plates 20–22 and post-anal plates 17–20. Four plates border dorsal-fin base; and two or three border anal-fin base. Dorsal-fin rays i,7; pectoral-fin rays i,6; pelvic-fin rays i,5; anal-fin rays i,5; and caudal-fin rays i,10,i. Tip of pelvic-fin surpasses anal-fin origin. Caudal-fin slightly bifurcated, with unbranched rays longer than branched. Upper unbranched caudal-fin rays projecting as long filaments (but broken in both specimens). In available material, first unbranched rays (spines) of dorsal, pectoral, pelvic and anal-fins not elongated as filaments (Fig. 1). Color in alcohol: In specimens preserved in 70% alcohol, dorsal surface of head and body brown or yellowish brown, uniform. On head to end of dorsal-fin base, light and dark areas randomly positioned (Fig. 1). Six or seven dark, transverse bands, decreasing in width and intensity posteriorly located from posterior end of dorsal-fin base to caudal peduncle. Ventral surface of head and body, whitish or yellowish, uniform (Fig. 1). Dorsal and pectoral-fins rays and interradial membrane dark blackish. Pectoral-fin spine paler brown or yellow with four diffuse (faint) dark bands. Pelvic-fin rays and interradial membranes light brown or yellow with dark area at middle. Anal-fin whitish or yellowish, uniform. Caudal-fin rays dark brown becoming pale brown, posterior as the interradial membrane. Geographical distribution: The two specimens came from Aguarico River, near Puerto Loja, Napo River system, Amazon River Basin, approx. 00°52’57”S 75°13’30”W (Fig. 6). Etymology: The specific name honors Ana de Lourdes Almendáriz, in recognition of her significant contributions to the Ecuador herpetofauna knowledge, and her enthusiasm and friendship for many years. Noun in apposition.Published as part of Provenzano-Rizzi, Francisco, Argüello, Pablo & Barriga-Salazar, Ramiro, 2022, The genus Pseudohemiodon (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in Ecuador, with the description of a new species, pp. 77-91 in Zootaxa 5129 (1) on pages 79-81, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5129.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/648818
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