89,202 research outputs found
S. Prosper Aquitanus
No full textPROSPER AQUITANUS (s.). Epigrammata e sententiis s. AugustiniPROSPER AQUITANUS (s.). Poema conjugis ad uxorem cum glossisNumérisation effectuée à partir d'un document de substitution.F. 1v-33v [Epigrammata] (P. L., LI, 497-532) précédé d'un accessus sur Prosper d'Aquitaine : « Iste Prosper fuit equitanicus, vir eruditissimus... » (1 et 2), et de dix vers : « Hec Agustini ex sacris epigramata dictis... » (1-1v et 2). Texte sans rubriques ni compte des chapitres. Gloses marginales et interlinéaires qui reproduisent en partie celles du ms. 2774A. Le texte commence au f. 2, le f. 1 et v° n'est que la copie de la préface, des dix vers : « Hec Agustini... » et des 15 premiers vers de l'ouvrage. F. 33v-36 [Poema conjugis ad uxorem] douteux : « Age jam precor mearum... » (C. S. E. L., XXX, 344-348) le texte suit celui des Epigrammes sans rubriques et sans transition. Gloses marginales et interlinéaires : « Hortatur uxorem suam... ». — Au f. 36v : « Finito libro isto sit laus et gloria Christo || qui scripsit scribat semper cum Domino vivat. || Vivat in celis Leonardus nomine Felix. || Explicit bactiste qui Prosper dicitur iste.
Prosper. An evaluation of tourism's contribution to regional economies
No full textProsper has delivered a three part model for assessing and enhancing the value of tourism in regional areas. The
first part of the model uses simple indicators to provide an assessment of the economic, social, and environmental value attached to tourism. An indicators approach was adopted following extensive review of the application of more complex approaches to regional economic analysis. The review found that complex approaches are unlikely to produce results of sufficient validity and applicability to warrant their high resource costs (time, money, and skills). Complex models are also more difficult to maintain. The economic value is represented through quantitative indicators relating to employment and the number of businesses in tourism related sectors. These are all relative indicators (for example, proportion of all businesses which are businesses in the tourism sector or proportion of change in employment that can be attributed to change in tourism related employment). These indicators are drawn from national data sets which provide information for statistical local areas and/or postcode areas. This offers the opportunity to develop and deliver consistent national profiles through a vehicle such as Decipher. National standard data sets are supplemented in the model by more qualitative assessments of tourism’s contribution to the local economy made by business operators through
interviews or surveys. Again, tracking the change in these assessments over time is the key to the model. Social and environmental values are substantially more difficult to assess. The Prosper case studies have included qualitative assessments derived from business and community meetings, local government and other administrative documents, media and a simplified network analysis identifying the extent to which community based organisations interact with the delivery of tourism services. Data sets have been identified which would allow a quantitative analysis of the extent to which tourism activity (visitor movements, business activity, business construction) encroaches on environmentally sensitive areas or is responsible for redevelopment or preservation of built environments. The case studies have not been able to implement this quantitative analysis.
The second part of the model conducts a ‘diagnostic’ assessment of the capacity in the region to harness the
value of tourism through innovation. Innovation is seen as a very important mechanism for both identifying regional issues and developing responses to those issues. Innovation is widely accepted in the literature as a driver of economic growth, and concepts such as ‘systems of innovation’ and ‘regional systems of innovation’ have become common in understanding how that innovation can be encouraged and placed within technical or geographical contexts. The diagnostic element of the Prosper model uses a series of techniques (including historical document analysis, interviews, and network analysis) to investigate the characteristics of region’s human tourism resources in relation to their ‘innovation potential’. Innovation potential is influenced by:
• Economic competence – the extent to which those resources include capacity to manage projects and
implement new ideas;
• Clustering of resources – the spatial relationships between tourism attractions and amenities and nontourism
amenities and resources which may be critical in the delivery of tourism product;
• Networks – the social and professional relationships between tourism attractions and amenities and nontourism
amenities and resources which may be critical in the delivery of tourism product;
• Development blocks – the existence of sufficient new resources or new ways of looking at existing resources to provide opportunities for innovation. Development blocks need also to be a source of tension or disequilibrium so that their use is contested and therefore options more likely to be scrutinized as to their viability;
• Entrepreneurship – the capacity for human resources to engage in new tasks and drive activity;
• Critical mass – the relationship between the capacity to supply tourism product, and the capacity to access sufficient and appropriate markets (including resident markets) to support ongoing supply;
• Local government – the extent to which local government considers tourism an important issue and is willing to engage in the innovation process
• Production and distribution of knowledge – the extent to which the history and current status of tourism is understood and communicated, and the degree to which stakeholders can access and apply new information for identifying the potential or need for change, assessing the viability of projects, and evaluating activities;
• Social, political and cultural capital – the strength of the social, political and cultural environments, and the degree to which those environments can be effectively harnessed to support tourism innovation.
The third part of the model uses ‘visioning’ techniques (drawing in part on experiences from Sustainable Tourism CRC projects on ‘Gold Coast Visioning’ led by Professor Bill Faulkner at Griffith University, and research by Walker, Lee, Goddard, Kelly & Pedersen, 2005) to engage stakeholders in developing strategies for identifying tourism value issues (based on the community awareness of the value of tourism, aspirations for enhancing value, and strategies for addressing deficiencies in innovation potential). A number of processes are available for applying visioning techniques. Our case studies typically involved community leaders accepting
ownership of the results of the application of the first components of the model and, in a facilitated or nonfacilitated way, delivering these results broadly through the community. In some cases, strategies emerged
entirely from within the region, while in others, the research team was further engaged to collate strategy
suggestions and summarise the arguments attached to these suggestions. In most cases, the final case study
write-up included reference to suggestions which appeared likely to be carried forward.
The Prosper model was tested in thirteen case studies, not simply to establish whether the relationships hypothesized between innovation potential and harnessing the value of tourism could be observed, but also to establish to extent to which participating regions viewed the application of the model as important and worthwhile in their attempts to move forward. The case studies were a mix of five new studies conducted using the Prosper model in a direct way and meta-analysis of eight previous case studies. The short time frame for the research (2 and ½ years) and the relatively long term nature of change made it impossible to design the research to evaluate the success of the strategies developed or any specific innovations in new case studies, so the metaanalysis studies were significant in this respect. The case studies strongly supported the second part of the model in particular, and the research served as an influential tool for many of the case study communities who were able to implement programs of value monitoring (through quantitative or qualitative means), identify ways in which their systems of innovation could be strengthened, and develop context specific mechanisms for
identifying and assessing the feasibility of tourism development proposals. The research has delivered a number of outputs which may be used in dissemination and commercialisation of the intellectual property. A stand-alone publication reviewing the applicability of various economic value assessment techniques to regional tourism has been produced. A quick guide to the Prosper model and assessing whether application of the model would assist a particular region has been drafted, and is slated for development in collaboration with Sustainable Tourism CRC. A detailed methodology specification has been prepared, and may be used as the basis of consulting services or the conduct of further case studies. The quantitative data sets (Census, Sensis, TTF employment analysis, labour force statistics etc.) may be made available through Decipher and included in a structured Decipher product which facilitates analysis and interpretation. A book containing research results of the thirteen case studies and an overview of the relationship between those case studies and the Prosper model has been edited by Dean Carson and Dr Jim Macbeth and has been submitted to the Sustainable Tourism CRC editorial team led by Professor Chris Cooper at the University of Queensland
Replication of LDL SWAs hits in PROSPER/PHASE as validation for future (pharmaco)genetic analyses
No full text<p><b>Background:</b> The PHArmacogenetic study of Statins in the Elderly at risk (PHASE) is a genome wide association study in the PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at risk for vascular disease (PROSPER) that investigates the genetic variation responsible for the individual variation in drug response to pravastatin. Statins lower LDL-cholesterol in general by 30%, however not in all subjects. Moreover, clinical response is highly variable and adverse effects occur in a minority of patients. In this report we first describe the rationale of the PROSPER/PHASE project and second show that the PROSPER/PHASE study can be used to study pharmacogenetics in the elderly.</p>
<p><b>Methods:</b> The genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using the Illumina 660K-Quad beadchips following manufacturer's instructions. After a stringent quality control 557,192 SNPs in 5,244 subjects were available for analysis. To maximize the availability of genetic data and coverage of the genome, imputation up to 2.5 million autosomal CEPH HapMap SNPs was performed with MACH imputation software. The GWAS for LDL-cholesterol is assessed with an additive linear regression model in PROBABEL software, adjusted for age, sex, and country of origin to account for population stratification.</p>
<p><b>Results:</b> Forty-two SNPs reached the GWAS significant threshold of p = 5.0e-08 in 5 genomic loci (APOE/APOC1; LDLR; FADS2/FEN1; HMGCR; PSRC1/CELSR5). The top SNP (rs445925, chromosome 19) with a p-value of p = 2.8e-30 is located within the APOC1 gene and near the APOE gene. The second top SNP (rs6511720, chromosome 19) with a p-value of p = 5.22e-15 is located within the LDLR gene. All 5 genomic loci were previously associated with LDL-cholesterol levels, no novel loci were identified. Replication in WOSCOPS and CARE confirmed our results.</p>
<p><b>Conclusion:</b> With the GWAS in the PROSPER/PHASE study we confirm the previously found genetic associations with LDL-cholesterol levels. With this proof-of-principle study we show that the PROSPER/PHASE study can be used to investigate genetic associations in a similar way to population based studies. The next step of the PROSPER/PHASE study is to identify the genetic variation responsible for the variation in LDL-cholesterol lowering in response to statin treatment in collaboration with other large trials.</p>
Incident venous thromboembolic events in the Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER)
No full text<p>Background: Venous thromboembolic events (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, are common in older age. It has been suggested that statins might reduce the risk of VTE however positive results from studies of middle aged subjects may not be generalisable to elderly people. We aimed to determine the effect of pravastatin on incident VTE in older people; we also studied the impact of clinical and plasma risk variables.</p>
<p>Methods: This study was an analysis of incident VTE using data from the Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pravastatin in men and women aged 70-82. Mean follow-up was 3.2 years. Risk for VTE was examined in non-warfarin treated pravastatin (n = 2834) and placebo (n = 2865) patients using a Cox's proportional hazard model, and the impact of other risk factors assessed in a multivariate forward stepwise regression analysis. Baseline clinical characteristics, blood biochemistry and hematology variables, plasma levels of lipids and lipoproteins, and plasma markers of inflammation and adiposity were compared. Plasma markers of thrombosis and hemostasis were assessed in a nested case (n = 48) control (n = 93) study where the cohort was those participants, not on warfarin, for whom data were available.</p>
<p>Results: There were 28 definite cases (1.0%) of incident VTE in the pravastatin group recipients and 20 cases (0.70%) in placebo recipients. Pravastatin did not reduce VTE in PROSPER compared to placebo [unadjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.42 (0.80, 2.52) p = 0.23]. Higher body mass index (BMI) [1.09 (1.02, 1.15) p = 0.0075], country [Scotland vs Netherlands 4.26 (1.00, 18.21) p = 0.050 and Ireland vs Netherlands 6.16 (1.46, 26.00) p = 0.013], lower systolic blood pressure [1.35 (1.03, 1.75) p = 0.027] and lower baseline Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score [1.19 (1.01, 1.41) p = 0.034] were associated with an increased risk of VTE, however only BMI, country and systolic blood pressure remained significant on multivariate analysis. In a nested case control study of definite VTE, plasma Factor VIII levels were associated with VTE [1.52 (1.01, 2.28), p = 0.044]. However no other measure of thrombosis and haemostasis was associated with increased risk of VTE.</p>
<p>Conclusions: Pravastatin does not prevent VTE in elderly people at risk of vascular disease. Blood markers of haemostasis and inflammation are not strongly predictive of VTE in older age however BMI, country and lower systolic blood pressure are independently associated with VTE risk.</p>
Prosper pilot case study : Woodburn
No full textProsper is a national tourism research project commissioned by the Sustainable Tourism Cooperative Research
Centre (STCRC) and managed by the Centre for Regional Tourism Research, Southern Cross University.
Prosper involves researchers from Southern Cross University, the University of Queensland and Murdoch
University. Prosper aims to develop context specific and holistic models for evaluating the capacity of regional
communities to use innovation as a means of harnessing tourism’s social, economic and environmental value.
This document presents the findings from the preliminary Prosper case study conducted in the northern New
South Wales community of Woodburn.
The core of the Prosper program is a series of case studies of regional tourism innovation potential. Prosper
is not designed to tell case study communities what tourism development they should undertake. Rather, the
research allows increased understanding of the way tourism operates in these communities, and identifies
potential challenges the community will face in trying to develop tourism. At the same time, it identifies some
strengths that can be brought to the tourism planning and management processes in those communities.
The key questions for the Prosper project are:
1. What structures in regional tourism management work best in different systems to create environments
of innovation?
2. Where in the system (or external to it) do regional tourism innovations come from, and how can
regional tourism managers recognise an innovative idea or action?
3. What techniques can be used to evaluate the impacts of innovation on dimensions of regional
development?
4. What aspects of social, cultural, economic and political capital are important to innovation and strategic
development?
Like all research, Prosper will be of use to communities if there are local champions committed to taking the
information and acting on it. Those champions will need to understand the way in which the research has been
produced, and will view the research as one component of the knowledge required to inform destination
management.
This report contains the findings from the Prosper pilot study. It introduces the reader to the case study,
Woodburn, with a range of descriptive information about the general township, as well as issues such as social
and economic capacities and the tourism system. This overview then enables the report to present an analysis of
Woodburn using a collection of innovation capacity contexts presented in the ‘methodologies’ report cited
above. Emerging from the Woodburn case study analysis is a checklist of Woodburn capacity for innovation
indicators relating to each innovation context observed during the analysis. The checklist will highlight the
utility of the Prosper research approach by providing a resource to help better understand the regional framework
and interrelationships needed for regional communities, in this case Woodburn, to engage in innovative regional
tourism development. A glossary has been added to the rear of this report to help clarify any terms that seem
unclear or ambiguous
F. Levasseur, Histoire des Classes Ouvrières et de l'Industrie en France avant 1789, Paris, 1901
No full textBoissonnade Prosper. F. Levasseur, Histoire des Classes Ouvrières et de l'Industrie en France avant 1789, Paris, 1901. In: Revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine, tome 3 N°5,1901. pp. 547-550
F. Levasseur, Histoire des Classes Ouvrières et de l'Industrie en France avant 1789, Paris, 1901
No full textBoissonnade Prosper. F. Levasseur, Histoire des Classes Ouvrières et de l'Industrie en France avant 1789, Paris, 1901. In: Revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine, tome 3 N°5,1901. pp. 547-550
Viaud (P. Prosper-M.), O. F. M., Qoubeibeh, Emmaüs évangélique
No full textJanin Raymond. Viaud (P. Prosper-M.), O. F. M., Qoubeibeh, Emmaüs évangélique. In: Échos d'Orient, tome 30, n°162, 1931. pp. 252-253
Can Liars Ever Prosper.
No full textThe paper compares the optimal financial contracts of a firm which has private information over its expost revenues when the finance can be provided by either a single or two groups of investors. When they are the only investors we use a financial contract with non-contractible monitoring, in which the probabilities of cheating by the entrepreneur/firm and monitoring by investors are mutual best responses. The contract is written by the entrepreneur knowing that this equilibrium will subsequently occur. With a second group of investors who have no monitoring rights, we analyse a truth telling contract and a misrepresentation contract in which cheating and monitoring probabilities are chosen in a similar way to those of the single investor contract. The non monitoring investors learn the results of any monitoring for free. Our main results are that: the two investor group truth-telling contract achieves the second best despite the lack of commitment; this contract is only feasible under limited liability of investors if low state revenues are high enough. When low state revenues are too low for this then the two investor misrepresentation contract is optimal. This contract has a negative correlation between repayments to the two investor groups: the contract uses the non-monitoring group to smooth out the repayments of the entrepreneur optimally. This reduces his incentive to make false reports and mitigates the investor's incentive to monitor. A second result is that the two investor scenario is Pareto superior to the single investor model. We show that with unlimited liability on investor groups, the two investor misrepresentation contract is as good as the second best. Generally in this misrepresentation contract investors may have to make repayments to the firm rather than receive them. A further result is that the three party contract is always renegotiation-proof, as well as collusion-proof so long as the low state revenues are below the expected repayments of the monitor. Last we show that under limited liability the share of finance provided by the two is strictly positive and uniquely determined.financial contracts; multiple investors; no commitment.
Ch.-F. Jean, La religion sumérienne d'après les documents sumériens antérieurs à la dynastie d'Isin (-2186), 1931
No full textAlfaric Prosper. Ch.-F. Jean, La religion sumérienne d'après les documents sumériens antérieurs à la dynastie d'Isin (-2186), 1931. In: Revue des Études Anciennes. Tome 35, 1933, n°1. pp. 63-64
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