37 research outputs found
Hecalus shanayai Nikoshe & Meshram & Dey 2020, sp. nov.
No full textHecalus shanayai Nikoshe & Meshram, sp. nov. (Figs. 3, 8, 13, 34–40) Male (Figs. 3, 8) Color yellowish green to green. Anterior margin of head with transverse submarginal fuscous line, face (Fig. 13) brown, gena black, frontoclypeus transverse black striae invisible in middle. Compound eyes black, ocelli yellow. Forewings subhyaline, with diffuse fuscous transverse band across costal margin. Bases of tibial macrosetae and tarsi light brown. Head including eyes as long as width of pronotum. Head produced in front, crown length 0.7x shorter than width between eyes. Face as long as wide; anterior margin of pronotum not extending beyond eyes, more or less parallel with eyes. Frontoclypeus longer than wide; frontal suture, terminating laterad of ocelli. Ocelli near anterior margin, very closely oppressed to eyes. Pronotum length 0.2x as long as wide and 0.9x length of scutellum. Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 34) longer than wide, posterior margin triangular, with posterior ½ densely setose. Style (Fig. 36) with preapical lobe obtusely angulate, with few microsetae, apophysis short, 0.25 of the total length. Connective (Fig. 40) with stem 2x shorter than arms. Aedeagal shaft narrowed apically, broad medially in lateral view, foliate in apical 0.2 with sparsely serrated margin, dorsal margin with short subapical tooth, with pair of slender apical processes half as long as shaft extended anterolaterad, gonopore subapical on ventral margin (Figs. 37–39). Measurements (mm). Male 4.63 long, 1.3 wide across eyes, 1.01 wide across hind margin of pronotum. Type material. Holotype ³, INDIA: Maharashtra: Chikhaldara (21.4030° N, 77.3268° E), 22.ix.2015, Sweep net Coll. Akash Nikoshe (NPC). Paratypes, 6 ³ with same data as holotype. Etymology. This species is named in honour of “Miss Shanaya” (daughter of the corresponding author) for her support to the author to pursue his passion in leafhopper taxonomy. Remarks. Hecalus shanayai sp. nov. externally resembles H. lutescens (Distant) (Figs. 2, 7, 12, 27–33) but differs in having the aedeagal shaft foliate in the apical 0.2 with a sparsely serrated margin, the dorsal margin with a short subapical tooth, and lacking mid-dorsal lateral expansions which are more distinct in the latter. From H. ghauri Rao and Ramakrishnan, (Figs. 19, 20 & 21) it can be distinguished by the aedeagal shaft foliate in the apical 0.2 with a sparsely serrated margin, the dorsal margin with a short subapical tooth, and lacking mid-dorsal lateral expansions more distinct in the former.Published as part of Nikoshe, Akash P., Meshram, Naresh M., Stuti & Dey, Debjani, 2020, Indian Hecalina (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Hecalini) with description of three new species, pp. 573-585 in Zootaxa 4881 (3) on pages 576-578, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/428398
Mohunia manohari Meshram 2021, sp. nov.
No full textMohunia manohari sp. nov. (Figs. 2–25) Yellowish, creamy white, crown with one reddish orange stripe on either side of median line, interrupted on the anterior margin of the pronotum and then continued on pronotum. Pronotum with one more lateral small reddish orange spots broader than long, mesonotum with three white longitudinal stripes, the medium one confined to mesoscutellum. Face creamy white, ocelli transparent placed on anterior margin of crown (Fig. 2–4). Forewing with black spots at base, along claval commisure and also at the end of reflexed veins on the costal margin (Fig. 5). Dorsoventrally depressed leafhoppers. Head including eyes 0.9x width of pronotum; vertex slightly produced in front, vertex length 0.84x width between lateral margin of eyes; ocelli placed before anterior margin of crown, closer to eyes than to each other (Fig. 2). Anteclypeus apically exceeding outer genal margin (Fig. 4). frontoclypeus bulged at dorsoapical 0.75 depressed posteriorly (Figs. 3). Pronotum 0.6x as long as width and 0.3x length of mesonotum (Fig. 2). Exposed mesonotum wider than long. Forewing with moderately developed appendix; and with a reflexed cross vein near outer anteapical cell (Fig. 5), anteapical cells three, inner anteapical cell closed. Forefemur (Figs. 6–7) with AV absent, IC with 12 setae in straight row. Fore tibia with AD 1 and PD 9 macrosetae. Hind femur dorsal setae 2+2+1 (Fig. 8) Male genitalia: Pygofer elongate, 2.8X longer than wide, more or less of uniform width in basal 0.75 length, long macrosetae over posterior 0.66 (Fig. 10). Valve trapezoidal, width at base as long as length (Fig. 16). Subgenital plate triangular, separate from valve, 3.6X long as broad at base, with lateral row uniseriate 5 macrosetae in distal 0.33 (Fig. 16). Style slender, elongate, apophysis slender, slightly sinuate, 0.33X as long as total length, preapical lobe with small hairlike setae (Fig. 11). Connective with arms as long as stem; with long pair of processes articulated with stem dorsally, processes of connective slightly convergent in basal region then divergent distally, in apical, apex acute (Figs. 12 & 14). Aedeagus compressed, connected membranously to the connective, J-shaped, without dorsal apodemes with membranous truncate apical shaft, with subapical spine like projection dorsally., gonopore subapical on dorsal margin (Fig. 12–15). Female genitalia: Seventh sternite hind margin convex and with notched medially (Fig. 21). Valvulae I (Figs. 22–23), in lateral view, with uniform oblique rectangular dorsal sculpturing extending from middle portion to apex of blade; ventral irregular sculptured area restricted to apical portion of blade. Valvulae II (Figs. 24–25), in lateral view, with dorsal hyaline area, dorsal margin concave in the middle and convex apically on toothed areas with irregular scattered reticulation on distal 1/3rd, dorsal margin with 27 flat teeth. Measurements (mm): Male 5.1 long, 1.2 wide across eyes, 1.6 wide across hind margin of pronotum. Female 5.2 long, 1.2 wide across eyes, 1.7 wide across hind margin of Type material: HOLOTYPE ♂, India: Arunachal Pradesh: Basar, 661m, 27º58’39”N 94º41’31”E, 30.vi.2018, sweep net, Stuti & Tahseen R. Hashmi (NPC). PARATYPES 2♂, 1♀, same data as holotype. Distribution: The species is known only from Arunachal Pradesh, India. Etymology: This species is named after the Late Mr. Manohar Meshram (Father of the Author) for his continuous support and encouragement to the author to pursue his passion in leafhopper taxonomy. Remarks: Mohunia manohari sp. nov. resembles M. splendens in external morphology and coloration but differs in having the aedeagus compressed, connected membranously to the connective, inverted J-shaped, without dorsal apodemes, with a membranous truncate shaft apex, with a subapical spine like projection dorsally; in ventral view filamentous apically, toothed laterally, without ventral spines. M. splendens has the aedeagus with a pair of ventral processes attached to the preatrium, the shaft poorly sclerotized in the basal half, the distal half with lateral flanges without teeth, and the ventral surface with a series of short spines. The male genitalia of M. manohari sp. nov. are similar to those of the type species of the genus in having a pair of processes associated with the base of the aedeagus but, unlike the type species, M. manohari has the processes dissociated from the base of the aedeagus and connected only by a thin membrane. In this respect, the male genitalia of M. manohari resemble those of the widespread but unrelated genus Scaphoideus Uhler (Scaphoideini). M. manohari also resembles some Scaphoideus species in having the style apex slender and elongate. Other aspects of the morphology of M. manohari, including the depressed body form with horizontal face and ocelli distant from the eyes, resemble those of other species of Mohunia but the forewing differs in having three closed anteapical cells and the outer anteapical cell not extended to the costal margin (Fig. 5). These differences suggest that the new species may not belong to Mohunia as previously defined. Another pair of bamboo associated genera, Paralampridius and Lampridius, are externally similar but with completely different male genitalia, suggesting that convergent evolution has occurred in the morphology of some groups of bamboo-feeding leafhoppers. Such cases challenge our understanding of generic concepts and will require detailed phylogenetic study to resolve. Considering the forewing venation (especially the three branches of vein R) M. manohari can be retained in the Mukariini and tentatively placed in the genus Mohunia, pending further study. One parasitized male of M. manohari studied, exhibits variation in the male genitalia, including underdevelopment of the aedeagus and style and asymmetry and mutilation of the subgenital plate (Figs. 16–18).Published as part of Meshram, Naresh M., 2021, A new bamboo-feeding species, Mohunia manohari sp. nov., (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) and first record of the genus from India, pp. 192-198 in Zootaxa 5061 (1) on pages 193-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5061.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/564221
Designing of Modified Area Efficient Square Root Carry Select Adder(SQRT CSLA)
No full textIn the design of Integrated Circuits, The necessity of portable systems is increasing an area occupancy plays a vital role. Square Root Carry Select Adder (SQRT CSLA) is one of the fastest adders which is used in this data-processing processor to perform fast arithmetic functions. In this paper, an area-efficient square root carry select adder(SQRT CSLA design) by sharing Common Boolean logic term (CBL) is proposed The modified architecture has been developed using Binary to Excess-1 converter (BEC). Based on this modification 8-, 16-, 32-, and 64-b square-root CSLA (SQRT CSLA) architecture have been developed by using CBl. The proposed design has reduced area as well as power,but in this we study only for area with a slight increase in the delay
Designed Implementation of Modified Area Efficient Enhanced Square Root Carry Select Adder
No full textIn the design of Integrated Circuits, area occupancy plays a vital role because of increasing the necessity of portable systems. Carry Select Adder (CSLA) is one of the fastest adders used in many data-processing processors to perform fast arithmetic functions. In this paper, an area-efficient carry select adder by sharing the common Boolean logic term (CBL) with BEC is proposed. After logic simplification and sharing partial circuit, only one XOR gate and one inverter gate in each summation operation as well as one AND gate and one inverter gate in each carry-out operation are needed. Based on this modification a new modified 32-Bit Square-root CSLA (SQRT CSLA) architecture has been developed. The modified architecture has been developed using Common Boolean Logic(CBL). The proposed architecture has reduced area, power and delay
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Predictors of Stunting, Wasting and Underweight among Tanzanian Children Born to HIV-Infected Women.
No full textChildren born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women are susceptible to undernutrition, but modifiable risk factors and the time course of the development of undernutrition have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to identify maternal, socioeconomic and child characteristics that are associated with stunting, wasting and underweight among Tanzanian children born to HIV-infected mothers, followed from 6 weeks of age for 24 months. Maternal and socioeconomic characteristics were recorded during pregnancy, data pertaining to the infant's birth were collected immediately after delivery, morbidity histories and anthropometric measurements were performed monthly. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards methods were used to assess the association between potential predictors and the time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight. A total of 2387 infants (54.0% male) were enrolled and followed for a median duration of 21.2 months. The respective prevalence of prematurity (<37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2500 g) was 15.2% and 7.0%; 11.3% of infants were HIV-positive at 6 weeks. Median time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight was 8.7, 7.2 and 7.0 months, respectively. Low maternal education, few household possessions, low infant birth weight, child HIV infection and male sex were all independent predictors of stunting, wasting and underweight. In addition, preterm infants were more likely to become wasted and underweight, whereas those with a low Apgar score at birth were more likely to become stunted. Interventions to improve maternal education and nutritional status, reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and increase birth weight may lower the risk of undernutrition among children born to HIV-infected women
Image Processing Based Leaf Rot Disease, Detection of Betel Vine (Piper BetleL.)
No full textAbstractThis paper deals with leaf rot disease detection for betel vine (Piper betel L.) based on image processing algorithm. The measurement of plant features is a fundamental element of plant science research and related applications. The information related to plant features is especially useful for its applications in plant growth modeling, agricultural research and on farm production. Few methods have been applied in leaf rot disease detection for betel vine leaf (Piper Betel L.). Traditional direct measurement methods are generally simple and reliable, but they are time consuming, laborious and cumbersome. In contrast, the proposed vision-based methods are efficient in detecting and observing the exterior disease features. In the present investigation, image processing algorithms are developed to detect leaf rot disease by identifying the color featureof the rotted leaf area. Subsequently, the rotted area was segmented and area of rotted leaf portion was deduced from the observed plant feature data. The results showed a promising performance of this automatic vision-based system in practice with easy validation. This paper describes the steps to achieve an efficient and inexpensive system acceptable to the farmers and agricultural researchers as well for studying leaf rot disease in betel vine leaf
An Analysis of Leaf Chlorophyll Measurement Method Using Chlorophyll Meter and Image Processing Technique
No full textAbstractA regular and periodic monitoring of crop health is essential in any cultivation. An important parameter which act as indices of crop health is the leaf chlorophyll measurement. In the Asian part of the world, Betel vine (Piper betle L., family Piperaceae) ranks second to coffee and tea in terms of daily consumption. Therefore, these important and highly productive crash crop is selected for the purpose of study. The experiment was conducted in an established pan betel vine crop field (Pan boroj). A small review of the popular method of leaf chlorophyll measurement is done and some of the drawbacks of the existing methods are reported. The review point out a need for fast and precise leaf chlorophyll measurement technique. Thus an image processing technique based on trichromatic colors i.e., red green and blue (RGB) model is proposed. For the purpose of analysis of the proposed model, the model outcome was compared with atLEAF+ chlorophyll meter reading. And a regression analysis was performed the result of regression analysis proof that there is a strong correlation between proposed image processing technique and chlorophyll meter reading. Thus, it appears that the proposed image processing technique of leaf chlorophyll measurement will be a good alternative for measuring leaf chlorophyll rapidly and with ease
The future Clean Energy Harvesting by Wind Power Generation
No full textThe electricity generation today is the major issue toward development of human mankind. The current electricity generation depends almost completely on the fissile fuels like coal, petroleum products etc. we are using it in very large scale resulting in pollution and high cost of electricity. The non-conventional methods like solar & wind is being developed on the scale where its use is affordable and pollution free, without any side effects. In this paper we have discussed the basics of wind power generation and the technologies involved in the process. The overall energy harvesting by wind power plants and transmitting it into usable form can solve the electricity problems, In country like India where electricity demand is estimated to increase at least 30% in next 5 to 10 years. This process involves the complex engineering and out of which some of the basics aspects like capacity , stricter of turbines, Synchronous generators are discussed briefly along with the basic components of the Wind Power Generation.
DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15015
Clinical profile of Cholera cases in Yavatmal District, Maharashtra
No full textIntroduction- Outbreak of Cholera still remains major public health problem in most of the developing countries including India. Clinical profile of cholera was studied in Patients attending tertiary care hospital situated in tribal area of Central India, Yavatmal. Methods: Type of study- Descriptive cross-sectional. Study Duration - 2 months (June - July 2012). Study setting- Inpatient Department of S. V. N. Govt. Medical College, Yavatmal (Maharashtra). Study subjects- All cholera patients attending S. V. N. Govt. Medical College Yavatmal (Maharashtra) with the complaints of acute watery diarrhoea. Study variables- Detailed clinical profile of these cases was noted along with other relevant environmental history. Results-Out of a total 377 cases of acute watery diarrhoea, 13 isolates were positive for cholera. All the isolates were V. cholera 01 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa. 46.2% of cases were below 5 years of age, the two youngest children being 1.5 years old. Both the sexes were equally affected. 61.5% cases had duration of diarrhoea more than 24 hours. Overall living and hygienic conditions of all the patients were poor. However all patients responded to intravenous fluids, oral rehydration and antibiotics (Doxycycline) within 24-48 hours without any mortality. Interpretation & conclusions: This study reflects the cases infected with 01 El Tor Ogawa with severe and critical clinical features in Yavatmal district causing high morbidity in the form of severe dehydration and peripheral circulatory collapse which requires early, correct diagnosis and prompt treatment
