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Aloencyrtus Prinsloo 1978
No full textAloencyrtus Prinsloo Aloencyrtus Prinsloo, 1978: 299. Type-species Coccidoxenus ingens Annecke, 1964, by original designation.Published as part of Prinsloo, Rd. L., 2010, On some Afrotropical species of Aloencyrtus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): parasitoids of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 2716 on page
The tetrastichine wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) associated with galls on Erythrina species (Fabaceae) in South Africa, with the description of five new species
No full textPrinsloo, Rd. L., Kelly, Ne. A. (2009): The tetrastichine wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) associated with galls on Erythrina species (Fabaceae) in South Africa, with the description of five new species. Zootaxa 2083 (1): 27-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2083.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2083.1.
FIGURES 31–38 in The tetrastichine wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) associated with galls on Erythrina species (Fabaceae) in South Africa, with the description of five new species
No full textFIGURES 31–38. Aprostocetus spp.: 31–37, A. nitens sp. n.: 31, forewing, female; 32, antenna, female; 33, antenna, male; 34, mesosoma, female; 35, head, frontal view, female; 36, ovipositor and middle tibia, same scale, female; 37, male genitalia. 38, A. exertus La Salle, female, lateral view.Published as part of Prinsloo, Rd. L. & Kelly, Ne. A., 2009, The tetrastichine wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) associated with galls on Erythrina species (Fabaceae) in South Africa, with the description of five new species, pp. 27-45 in Zootaxa 2083 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2083.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/532140
Aprostocetus Westwood 1833
No full textGenus Aprostocetus Westwood Aprostocetus Westwood, 1833: 144; Graham, 1987: 86; La Salle, 1994: 136. Noyes (2002) provides a complete list of the more than 40 synonymies that apply to this genus. Aprostocetus is by far the largest and most diverse of all the tetrastichine genera. The Afrotropical fauna has never been studied in any detail and is based mainly on scattered descriptions of fewer than 40 species, mostly from West and Central Africa, and listed by Noyes (2002).Published as part of Prinsloo, Rd. L. & Kelly, Ne. A., 2009, The tetrastichine wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) associated with galls on Erythrina species (Fabaceae) in South Africa, with the description of five new species, pp. 27-45 in Zootaxa 2083 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2083.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/532140
Aprostocetus exertus La Salle
No full textAprostocetus exertus La Salle Fig. 38 Aprostocetus exertus La Salle: in La Salle, Ramadan and Kumashiro, 2009: Aprostocetus exertus is being described and illustrated in detail from Tanzania and South Africa in a companion article by La Salle (La Salle et al. 2009). This species is readily distinguished from all the other species of the genus associated with Erythrina galls by its extremely long epipygium and ovipositor (Fig. 38). Material examined. SOUTH AFRICA. KwaZulu – Natal Province: Pietermaritzburg, University Botanic Gardens, 29°36’S 30°22’E, B. Muller, ex leaf galls on Erythrina latissima (20 females, 20 males; HYMC05766); same data except D.J. Brothers (20 females, 20 males; HYMC05767).Published as part of Prinsloo, Rd. L. & Kelly, Ne. A., 2009, The tetrastichine wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) associated with galls on Erythrina species (Fabaceae) in South Africa, with the description of five new species, pp. 27-45 in Zootaxa 2083 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2083.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/532140
Aloencyrtus ugandensis
No full textAloencyrtus ugandensis (Compere) (Figs 12, 31, 51) Coccidoxenus ugandensis Compere 1937: 44. Trichomasthus ugandensis; Annecke & Insley 1971: 25. Aloencyrtus ugandensis; Prinsloo 1978: 302. Diagnosis. Compere (1937) provided a fairly detailed description, without any illustrations of A. ugandensis, which is distinguished as follows: Female. Length: 1.4–2.0 mm. Colour: head and body black, variably suffused with fairly strong bluish-green and purplish reflections, the scutellum with a distinct bluish-green and purple lustre. Shortly protruding gonostyli yellowish. Antenna dominantly brown or blackish-brown. Forewing (Fig.12) palely infuscated from linea calva to pale cross-band, the disc beyond the band hyaline, densely covered with dark setae. Legs, excluding whitish tarsi, dominantly blackish-brown. Head in dorsal view 3.3–3.5x as wide as frontovertex, anterior margin of the latter slightly convex, without a median notch; head in fontal view (Fig. 31) with scrobes confluent above, with a small dorsal interscrobal fovea. Front aspect of head, except genae and temples, with well defined, scattered setigerous pits, the diameter of each only slightly less that that of median ocellus. Antenna (Fig. 51) with pedicel as long as to a little longer than basal funicle segment, the latter 2.0–2.3 times as long as wide; funicle segments subequal in length, becoming gradually broader apically, II–IV each longer than wide, V quadrate, VI 1.1–1.3x wider than long; club a little broader than distal funicle segment, almost as long as distal three funicle segments combined. Mesoscutum and axillae with fine, cellulate- reticulate sculpture, that of scutellum distinctly coarser, mostly longitudinally lineolate-reticulate. Forewing (Fig.12) 2.5x as long as wide; marginal vein about 0.5x length of postmarginal, the latter about 0.5x as long as stigmal vein; fine setae confined to cross-band clearly discernible. Gaster distinctly shorter than thorax; ovipositor about 1.4x as long as middle tibia; gonostyli elongate, 0.7x as long as middle tibial spur, protruding shortly caudally. Male. Unknown. Remarks. Several non-type female specimens from the same series as the types, are at hand. Aloencyrtus ugandensis can be grouped with A. obscuratus, A. angustifrons, A. diaphorocerus and A. delottoi from which it is separated by a combination of characters as detailed in the foregoing key. Known distribution. Uganda. Material examined. UGANDA. 20.ix.1935 and 29.xi.1935, T. H.C. Taylor, ex Ceroplastes destructor (8 ♀; T 3153).Published as part of Prinsloo, Rd. L., 2010, On some Afrotropical species of Aloencyrtus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): parasitoids of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 2716 on page 2
Aloencyrtus delottoi
No full textAloencyrtus delottoi (Annecke) (Figs 13, 32, 52) Coccidoxenus delottoi Annecke 1964: 403. Trichomasthus delottoi; Annecke & Insley 1971: 25. Aloencyrtus delottoi; Prinsloo 1978: 301. Diagnosis. Aloencyrtus delottoi was described and illustrated in detail by Annecke (1964). It is distinguished as follows: Female. Length: 2.2 mm. Colour: entirely black, front aspect of head with fairly strong blue-green and dark purple reflections, the scutellum with a blue-green tinge. Antenna mostly blackish-brown. Forewing (Fig. 13) palely infuscated from base of linea calva to cross-band, the latter poorly defined, hardly discernible, the disc beyond the band hyaline with dark discal setae. Legs, including middle tibial spur, mostly blackish-brown except tarsi pale. Head in dorsal view almost 4x as wide as frontovertex, anterior margin of the latter medially slightly concave, without a median notch; head in frontal view (Fig. 32) with scrobes distinctly V-shaped with a shallow, dorsal median fovea. Frontovertex with small, scattered pits, their diameter clearly less than that of median ocellus, the face more densely covered with larger setigerous pits, the diameter of each about the same as that of median ocellus; genae and temples not pitted. Antenna (Fig. 52) with pedicel slightly shorter than basal funicle segment, the latter about 3x as long as broad; funicle segments becoming progressively shorter and broader towards apex, II– V each longer than wide, VI quadrate; club distinctly broader than funicle, a little shorter than distal three funicle segments combined. Sculpture of mesoscutum and axillae finely cellulate-reticulate, that of scutellum a little coarser, mostly longitudinally lineolate- reticulate. Forewing (Fig. 13) 2.5x as long as broad; marginal vein slightly shorter than postmarginal the latter about 0.3x length of stigmal; cross-band of fine white setae poorly defined. Gaster plainly shorter than thorax; ovipositor subequal in length to middle tibia; gonostyli protruding slightly caudally, triangular in shape, 0.5x as long as middle tibial spur. Male. As described in detail by Annecke (1964). Remarks. Aloencyrtus delotttoi, known only from its Kenyan type series, is readily distinguished from A. obscuratus, A. ugandensis, A. diaphorocerus and A. angustifrons, with which it can be grouped, by the pale crossband of the forewing which is poorly developed and barely discernible (Fig. 13) apposed to being well developed as in the other four species (Figs 10, 11, 12, 14). Known distribution. Kenya. Type material examined. ♀ holotype, ♂ allotype, 2 ♀, 2 ♂ paratypes as follows: KENYA. Kiambu, xii.1960, G. de Lotto, ex. Saissetia opulenta De Lotto on Croton sp. (T 384).Published as part of Prinsloo, Rd. L., 2010, On some Afrotropical species of Aloencyrtus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): parasitoids of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 2716 on pages 12-1
Aloencyrtus utilis
No full textAloencyrtus utilis (Annecke) (Figs 7, 26, 45) Coccidoxenus utilis Annecke 1964: 407. Trichomasthus utilis; Annecke & Insley 1971: 25. Aloencyrtus utilis; Prinsloo 1978: 302. Diagnosis. This distinctive species was described and illustrated in detail by Annecke (1964). It is readily separated from its congeners as follows: Female. Length: 2.0 mm. Colour: head and body blackish with mesopleura and prepectus mostly yellowishbrown; head with dark green, purple and bronze reflections, scrobes brilliant green, thoracic dorsum with a slight metallic sheen. Antenna with scape yellowish-brown, remainder blackish-brown. Forewing strongly infuscated from base of linea calva to hyaline cross-band; disc beyond cross-band strongly infuscated to near apex, the latter broadly hyaline, as in Fig. 7. Legs, including middle tibial spur, blackish-brown except middle femur yellowishbrown and basal tarsal segment of middle leg whitish. Head in dorsal view about 3x as wide as frontovertex, anterior margin of the latter slightly concave, without a notch; head in frontal view (Fig. 26) with scrobes V-shaped, with a dorsal fovea. Frontovertex from occipital margin to about upper limits of scrobes with minute scattered punctations, the face and sides of head devoid of any punctations. Antenna (Fig. 45) with pedicel slightly longer than basal funicle segment; funicle segments becoming progressively wider apically, I 1.4x as long as wide, II–IV each longer than wide, V about quadrate, VI slightly wider than long. Sculpture of mesoscutum and scutellum of similar texture, finely cellulate-reticulate, the cell margins not raised, lending the integument a rather smooth appearance. Forewing as in Fig. 7, 2.4x as long as wide; marginal vein about equal in length to postmarginal, the latter just more than 0.5x as long as stigmal; discal setae confined to hyaline cross-band and wing apex extremely short and fine, these areas appearing asetose. Gaster shorter than thorax; ovipositor about 0.7x length of middle tibia; gonostyli short, triangular in shape, 0.3x length of middle tibial spur, not protruding caudally. Male. As described and illustrated by Annecke (1964). Remarks. Aloencyrtus utilis is readily separated from all the other species of the genus treated here by the unique infuscated pattern of the forewing (Fig. 7), in which the disc beyond the pale cross-band is not entirely infuscated but with apex broadly hyaline. Known distribution. South Africa. Type material examined. ♀ holotype, 4 ♀, 2 ♂ paratypes, as follows: SOUTH AFRICA: Transvaal (now Gauteng Province), Irene, i.1959, E.C.G. Bedford, ex. Saissetia oleae on Leonotis leonurus (T987).Published as part of Prinsloo, Rd. L., 2010, On some Afrotropical species of Aloencyrtus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): parasitoids of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 2716 on pages 26-2
Aloencyrtus distinguendus
No full textAloencyrtus distinguendus (Waterston) (Figs 2, 21, 39) Coccidoxenus distinguendus Waterston 1917b: 311. Trichomasthus distinguendus; Annecke & Insley 1971: 25. Aloencyrtus distinguendus; Prinsloo 1978: 301. Diagnosis. A detailed original description of this species, which is known only from the female, was provided by Waterston (1917). It is distinguished from its congeners as follows: Female. Length: 1.5–1.6 mm. Colour: black; face, including scrobes, with a fairly strong metallic green to blue-green lustre; frontovertex and thoracic dorsum with a brilliant blue-green, blue and purple sheen. Antenna with scape, pedicel and funicle largely brownish-yellow, club dark brown. Forewing strongly infuscated from linea calva to hyaline cross-band, the disc beyond the band less strongly darkened, as in Fig. 2. Legs with coxae and femora blackish-brown, remainder brownish-yellow, the middle and hind tibiae with brown suffusions in their basal half or so or hind tibia almost completely dark. Head in dorsal view 5.0–5.3x as wide as frontovertex, anterior margin of the latter broadly notched; head in frontal view (Fig. 21) with scrobes distinctly V-shaped with a small dorsal interscrobal fovea; frontovertex from occipital margin to upper limits of scrobes with small, scattered, setigerous punctations, the diameter of each clearly less than that of median ocellus, the face and genae devoid of any punctations. Antenna (Fig. 39) with pedicel subequal in length to basal funicle segment; basal funicle segment about 2.25x as long as wide, II–VI becoming progressively broader and shorter, VI subquadrate; club a little shorter than distal three funicle segments combined. Mesoscutum with fine transverse cellulate-reticulate sculpture, that of scutellum a little coarser, distinctly lineolate-reticulate. Forewing (Fig. 2) about 2.3x as long as wide, the fine, white setae confined to the hyaline cross-band barely discernible; marginal vein subequal in length to postmarginal, the latter less than half the length of stigmal. Gaster a little shorter than thorax; gonostyli not protruding caudally. Male. Unknown. Remarks. Aloencyrtus distinguendus resembles A. nativus closely, but can be separated from that species by subtle colour differences, head that is 5.0–5.3x as wide as frontovertex, presence of an interscrobal fovea, more slender antenna (cf Figs 38 and 39) and somewhat less coarsely sculptured scutellum, as indicated in the descriptions and key. Known distribution. Cameroun, Ghana, Nigeria. Type material examined. Card-mounted ♀ holotype (in BMNH) with the following label data: “Type; ex Lecanium sp. on coffee, 19.xii.15, Aburi, Gold Coast, M.H. Patterson; Waterston det. Coccidoxenus distinguendus Waterst. (1917); B.M TYPE HYM. 5.1,129”. Additional material. CAMEROUN: Nkumvon, viii.1979, D. Jackson (1 ♀); NIGERIA: Ile-Ife, v.1973, J. T. Medler (1 ♀); GHANA: (hand written label data illegible) (2 ♀); all specimens in BMNH.Published as part of Prinsloo, Rd. L., 2010, On some Afrotropical species of Aloencyrtus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): parasitoids of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 2716 on pages 14-1
Aloencyrtus alox Prinsloo 2010, sp. n.
No full textAloencyrtus alox sp. n. (Figs 16, 34, 55) Description. Female. Length: 1.9 mm. Colour: head orange except centre of occipital surface dark; body blackish, shiny, with a rather faint dark bluish metallic tinge, the following parts yellowish-orange in contrast: sides of pronotum, prepectus, mesopleuron and posterior margin of scutellum narrowly. Antenna with scape and pedicel yellowish, remainder largely blackish-brown. Forewing (Fig. 16) strongly infuscated from base of linea calva to cross-band of refractive white setae beyond venation, the disc beyond the band hyaline with setae lending the disc a slightly darkened appearance. Legs with coxae blackish-brown, femora and tibiae paler, yellowish-brown to brown; tarsi whitish. Head in dorsal view 4x as wide as frontovertex at median ocellus, anterior margin of the latter almost straight with a median notch formed by upper limits of scrobes; fronto-occipital margin acute; ocelli in a slightly acuteangled triangle, separated from eye margins by clearly less than half, from each other by about 2.3x and from median ocellus by 1.7x their own diameter; head in frontal view (Fig. 34) 1.3x as wide as high; malar space about 0.5x length of eye; toruli with upper limits about level with lower eye margins; scrobes long, deep, confluent dorsally, forming a distinct inverted V-shaped impression on face, separated by a rather flat interscrobal prominence, without a dorsal median fovea. Antenna (Fig. 55) with scape 6x as long as broad; pedicel 1.7x as long as basal funicle segment; funicle segments short, subequal in length, becoming progressively broader, I 1.6x as long as broad, II–IV each a little longer than broad, V quadrate, VI about 1.3x as wide as long; club distinctly broader than distal funicle segment, as long as distal three and a half funicle segments combined. Frontovertex and face with fine cellulate-reticulate sculpture, sparsely covered in minute, poorly defined setigerous punctations; eyes appearing naked. Thorax typical of the genus, squat, strongly convex in profile; mesoscutum almost twice as wide as long, strongly rounded from side to side; scutellum a little wider than long, sloping strongly towards apex; sculpture of mesoscutum, axillae and scutellum of the same texture, finely reticulate, the cell margins hardly raised, the cells on mesoscutum and axillae transversely orientated, those on scutellum longitudinally, the integument appearing rather smooth under low magnification; mesoscutum evenly and fairly densely covered with decumbent white setae, the scutellum a little less densely so. Middle leg with tibial spur slightly shorter than basal tarsal segment. Forewing (Fig.16) 2.3x as long as wide; marginal and postmarginal veins about equal in length, the latter 0.6x as long as stigmal vein; setation as in Fig. 16, the setae confined to the cross-band very fine, barely discernible, the band appearing asetose under low magnification. Gaster heart-shaped, noticeably shorter than thorax and propodeum combined; gonostyli protruding slightly caudally. Male. Unknown. Remarks. This distinctive species does not seem to be closely allied to any of it known congeners in particular. It is grouped with those species in which the wing disc beyond the pale cross-band is hyaline and is readily separated by its characteristic bicolorous orange and black body in addition to a combination of characters which include the V-shaped scrobes, sculpture of the head, which is covered with minute, poorly defined punctations and shape of the forewing venation in which the marginal and postmarginal veins are equal in length. Known distribution. South Africa. Material examined. SOUTH AFRICA: KwaZulu-Natal: Lake St. Lucia, viii.1971, H.P. Insley ex. Ceroplastes sp. on Pterocelastrus echinatus (♀ holotype; mounted on a card point with one forewing and one antenna separately on a slide; T 3890).Published as part of Prinsloo, Rd. L., 2010, On some Afrotropical species of Aloencyrtus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): parasitoids of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 2716 on pages 5-
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