1,721,084 research outputs found
Nutritional composition of foods presented on Instagram
No full textNamen magistrskega dela je bil pregledati in opisati trenutno stanje trženja ter predstavljanja živil s strani vplivnežev na družbenem omrežju Instagram, katerega smo tekom dela obravnavali kot medij. Tri mesece smo spremljali objave slovenskih vplivnežev, ki niso strokovnjaki na področju prehrane in s posnetki zaslona zajeli objave, kjer so bila na kakršen koli način prikazana ali omenjena živila, vključno s prehranskimi dopolnili. Z zbranimi podatki smo izvedli pregled načina trženja živil, preverili skladnost uporabljenih prehranskih in zdravstvenih trditev z zakonodajo ter oglaševana živila ovrednotili z modelom za profiliranje živil Nutri-Score. V pregled je bilo zajetih 443 objav 26 različnih vplivnežev. V zajetih objavah so vplivneži najpogosteje prikazovali sestavljene obroke (24 %), prehranska dopolnila (16 %), sladke prigrizke (14 %), alkoholne (14 %) in brezalkoholne pijače (5 %). Od uporabljenih zdravstvenih trditev v objavah nobena ni bila skladna z zakonodajo, med prehranskimi trditvami pa sta bili ustrezni dve od 12 (16 %) deljenih. Ugotovili smo, da se na družbenem omrežju Instagram tržijo in promovirajo pretežno živila z manj ugodno hranilno sestavo, kar lahko pripomore k razvijanju nezdravih prehranskih navad prebivalstva. Vplivneži so v 42 % objavljali vsebine o prehrani, za katere smo, glede na izbrane kriterije določili, da imajo lahko negativen vpliv na prehranske izbire potrošnikov, ki jih spremljajo. Ugotavljamo, da je promocija živil preko družbenih omrežij zakonodajno slabo urejena in nadzorovana. Na tem področju bi bilo potrebno vzpostaviti zakonodajo, prilagojeno hitremu razvoju družbenih omrežij in novih komunikacijskih orodij, ki bi natančneje predpisala (ne)dovoljene oblike promocije živil in s tem podpirala javno zdravje.The aim of this thesis was to overview and describe the current state of marketing and representation of food and dietary supplements by influencers on the social media platform Instagram. For the purpose of this study Instagram was considered as a form of media. The study was conducted by following Slovenian influencers\u27 posts, which included foods and dietary supplements in any form on Instagram for three months and capturing them with screenshots. Chosen influencers were not experts in the field of nutrition. From the collected data, we conducted an overview of the marketing methods of foods, checked the compliance of the nutritional and health claims with legislation, and profiled the advertised foods using the Nutri-Score tool. We overviewed 443 posts that were shared by 26 different infuencers. In the captured posts, influencers most commonly portrayed composed meals (24 %), dietary supplements (16 %), sweet snacks (14 %), alcoholic beverages (14 %) and non-alcoholic beverages (5 %). None of the health claims used in the posts were in compliance with legislation, while only two out of 12 (16%) total of the nutritional claims were appropriate. We found that cureently the foods that were marketed and promoted of the social media plaftorm Instagram were predominantly categorized as nutritionally less favorable. That could contribute to the development of unhealthy dietary habits of the population. In 42% of the posts, influencers shared content about diet, which, based on the selected criteria, could have a negative impact on the dietary choices of consumers who follow them. We found that the promotion of foods through social media networks is poorly regulated and supervised from a legislative standpoint. In this area a legislative framework adapted to the rapid development of social networks and new communication tools would be necessary to more precisely prescribe allowed and not allowed forms of food promotion and thereby support public health
Validation of food frequency questionnaires for the assessment of dietary vitamin D intake
Full text linkZa uveljavljanje strategij za preprečevanje pomanjkanja vitamina D, ki je eden večjih prepoznanih javno-zdravstvenih problemov, je ključnega pomena ocena vnosa vitamina D s prehrano. Prehranski vnos vitamina D je najbolj enostavno oceniti z vprašalnikom o pogostosti uživanja živil (VPŽ), ki mora biti prilagojen ciljni populaciji in predhodno validiran. Namen magistrskega dela je raziskati primernost metode določanja prehranskega vnosa vitamina D z VPŽ. Analizirali smo semikvantitativen VPŽ, ki ga je 54 odraslih prebivalcev Slovenije izpolnilo dvakrat z razmikom 6 tednov, medtem pa so vodili petdnevni prehranski dnevnik (PD5). Cilj raziskave je bil primerjati prehranski vnos vitamina D, določen s semikvantitativnim VPŽ in s standardno metodo PD5, ter tako oceniti zanesljivost semikvantitativnega VPŽ ter primerjati prehranski vnos, določen z dvema semikvantitativnima VPŽ, izpolnjenima s 6-tedenskim zamikom, in s tem preveriti ponovljivost semikvantitativnega VPŽ. Zanesljivost in ponovljivost smo preverjali z ugotavljanjem standardnih napak, srednjih vrednosti in statistično značilnih korelacij. Glede na rezultate določanja prehranskega vnosa vitamina D smo ugotovili pozitivno korelacijo med prehranskim vnosom, določenim z VPŽ in PD5. Močnejšo korelacijo smo ugotovili med prehranskim vnosom, določenim z dvema VPŽ s časovnim razmikom. Ugotovili smo, da testiran semikvantitativen VPŽ za določanje prehranskega vnosa vitamina D daje zanesljive in ponovljive rezultate in je tako primeren za uporabo pri ocenjevanju prehranskega vnosa vitamina D pri odraslih prebivalcih Slovenije. Metoda ponuja možnosti za optimizacijo testiranega VPŽ za doseganje še boljše zanesljivosti.Due to the inadequate intake of vitamin D as one of the main identified public health problems, an assessment of dietary intake of vitamin D is crucial. The intake can be easily assessed by the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) which should be developed to be administered among the intended target population and thus validated at the outset. This Master’s thesis examined the suitability of the FFQ as one of the methods for the assessment of the dietary intake of vitamin D. We analyzed a semiquantitative FFQ, which has been filled out by 54 Slovenian adults at the beginning of the study and once again after 6 weeks, as well as a five-day dietary record (DR5) that they had kept during these 6 weeks. In order to assess the validity of the semiquantitative FFQ we compared the results of the semiquantitative FFQ with those of the gold standard method of DR5. In addition to this, we compared a dietary vitamin D intake determined by two semiquantitative FFQs, administered with the test-retest interval of 6 weeks, in order to assess the reproducibility of the semiquantitative FFQ. The assessment of validity and reproducibility was conducted by examining the standard error, median differences and correlations. The results revealed positive correlation that confirms the validity and reproducibility of the questionnaire. The correlation between the FFQs administered two times was stronger than the correlation between the FFQ and DR5. The study confirmed that the results provided by the semiquantitative FFQ are accurate. However, this method could be optimized in the future studies to further improve its reliability. The analyzed semiquantitative FFQ may be adjusted as a simple tool to assess vitamin D intake among the Slovenian adult population
Intakes of energy and macronutrients in elderly living in nursing homes
No full textStaranje prebivalstva je značilno za večino razvitih držav. Z vedno večjim številom starejših odraslih se veča tudi število tistih, ki prebivajo v domovih za starejše občane (DSO). Zaradi s starostjo povezanih fizioloških sprememb so prebivalci DSO že sicer prehransko bolj ogroženi, dodatna tveganja pa lahko izvirajo zaradi pridruženih različnih bolezni. Namen prehranskih smernic za starejše odrasle je omejiti takšna tveganja. Namen naše raziskave je bil ovrednotiti prehranski vnos stanovalcev DSO in sestavo jedilnikov, ki jih v DSO ponujajo svojim stanovalcem. Vključenih je bilo 173 starejših odraslih iz trinajstih DSO iz različnih regij Slovenije. O vsakemu preiskovancu smo zbrali antropometrične podatke, z metodama priklica jedilnika prejšnjega dne in vprašalnikom o pogostosti uživanja posameznih skupin živil (FFQ) pa smo dobili vpogled tako v njihov kratkoročen kot tudi dolgoročen prehranski vnos. Glede na smernice ESPEN za klinično prehrano in geriatrijo in nacionalne referenčne vrednosti sta bila pri večini udeležencev prenizka vnosa ogljikovih hidratov in prehranske vlaknine, previsok je bil vnos maščob. Minimalni priporočen vnos beljakovin je bil dosežen pri 59 % stanovalcev, energijski vnos pa je bil glede na nacionalne referenčne vrednosti dosežen pri 89 % ženskah in 68 % moških, medtem ko glede na smernice ESPEN 63 % stanovalcev DSO ni užilo dovolj energije. Sestava obravnavanih jedilnikov v DSO je prav tako nakazala na prenizek vnos prehranskih vlaknin (povpr. vrednost 22,7 g), medtem ko je bil glede na smernice za izvajanje prehranske oskrbe v DSO vnos ogljikovih hidratov (48 %) ustrezen, vnos maščob pa previsok (36 %). Glede na nacionalne referenčne vrednosti je bila količina beljakovin v večini domov skladna s priporočili, energijska vrednost pa je bila dosežena predvsem za ženske, ne pa tudi za moške.Aging of the population is characteristic of most developed countries. With the increasing number of older adults, the number of those living in nursing homes is also increasing. Due to age-related physiological changes, nursing home residents are already nutritionally at greater nutritional risk, and additional risks may arise from associated various diseases. Dietary guidelines for older adults are intended to limit such risks. are tailored to minimize these risks. The purpose of our research was to evaluate the nutritional intake of nursing home residents and the composition of the menus offered in nursing homes. A total of 173 older adults from thirteen nursing homes from different regions of Slovenia were included. We collected anthropometric data on each subject and with using methods such as 24-hour recall and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), we gained insight into both their short-term and long-term dietary intake. According to the ESPEN guidelines for clinical nutrition and geriatrics and the national reference values, the intake of carbohydrates and dietary fibre was too low for most residents, and the intake of fats was too high. Minimum recommended protein intake was achieved in 59 % of residents. Energy intake was adequate for 89 % of women and 68 % of men when compared to the national reference values, while according to ESPEN guidelines, 63 % of nursing home residents did not consume enough energy. The composition of the studied menus also indicated an insufficient dietary fibre intake (average value 22,7 g), according to the guidelines for the implementation of nutritional care in the nursing homes, the intake of carbohydrates (48 %) was adequate, and the intake of fats was too high (36 %). According to the national reference values, the amount of protein in most homes was adequate when compared with recommendations, and energy value was achieved mainly for women, but not for men
Nutritional composition of foods and advertising techniques in women\u27s magazines
Full text linkOglaševanje in predstavljanje živil z visoko vsebnostjo maščob, sladkorja in soli lahko neugodno vpliva na zdravje in vodi do debelosti ter drugih kroničnih nenalezljivih bolezni. Za določanje živil z manj ugodno hranilno sestavo je mogoče uporabiti modele za profiliranje živil, s katerimi bi lahko uvedli določene omejitve in spremembe, ki bi pozitivno vplivale na prehranjevalne navade žensk in prispevale k zmanjšanju pojava debelosti in drugih nenalezljivih kroničnih bolezni sodobnega časa. Namen magistrske naloge je bil raziskati obseg oglaševanja v ženskih revijah v izbranem časovnem obdobju, predvsem pa nas je zanimalo, kako pogosto se je pojavljalo oglaševanje živil z manj ugodno hranilno sestavo. Ugotovili smo, da se v ženskih revijah oglaševanje živil najpogosteje pojavlja v obliki oglasov. Pojavljalo se je predvsem oglaševanje živil z manj ugodno hranilno sestavo. Med najbolj pogosto oglaševanimi kategorijami živil so bila prehranska dopolnila, čokolada in slaščice. Oglaševanje takšnih živil v medijih ima škodljiv vpliv na zdravje in vpliva na slabe prehranjevalne navade. V oglasih smo opazili pogosto navajanje prehranskih in zdravstvenih trditev, med katerimi so se slednje pojavljale manj pogosto. Z modeli za profiliranje živil bi lahko omejili oglaševanje živil z neugodno hranilno sestavo in uporabo prehranskih in zdravstvenih trditev na istih.The marketing of energy-dense foods can adversely affect health and lead to obesity and other chronic non-communicable diseases. To determine energy-dense food, nutrient profiling models can be used, assigning foods into categories based on their nutrient content. Moreover, nutrient profiling models can be used for regulatory purposes that would positively affect women\u27s eating habits and contribute to reducing the incidence of obesity and other non-communicable chronic diseases of modern times. The purpose of the master\u27s thesis was to research the scope of advertising in women\u27s magazines in the selected period of time, and above all we were interested in how often there was advertising of “less healthy” foods. We found that in women’s magazines, there was mainly advertising of foods with poor nutritional quality based on total fat, saturated fat, sodium, protein, sugar and fibre contents. Among the most frequently advertised food categories were dietary supplements, chocolate, and confectionery. Advertising of unhealthy foods in the media has a detrimental effect on health and affects poor eating habits. We determined that nutrition and health claims were often used in food advertisments, however nutrition claims appeared less frequently. Usage of nutrient profiling models could reduce the advertising of unhealthy foods and the use of nutrition and health claims on them
Assessment of effervescent tablet food supplements on Slovenian marketplace
No full textPrehranska dopolnila (PD) za prebivalce postajajo vse pomembnejši vir mikrohranil, saj številni potrošniki iščejo alternative za izboljšanje svojih prehranjevalnih vzorcev. Kljub rastoči priljubljenosti teh izdelkov pa se porajajo vprašanja o njihovi kakovosti in skladnosti z označenimi vsebnostmi, kar je ključno za zagotavljanje varnosti in učinkovitosti. Namen magistrskega dela je bil preučiti skladnost deklariranih vsebnosti izbranih mikrohranil (vitamini: D3, B12, C ter minerali: cink, kalcij, magnezij in železo) v šumečih tabletah (ŠT) z dejansko sestavo, določeno z laboratorijsko analizo. Izvedli smo podroben pregled embalaže 71 vzorcev, vključno s sestavinami in kemijskimi oblikami mikrohranil ter uporabo prehranskih in zdravstvenih trditev. Z laboratorijskimi analizami smo ugotovili, da se vsebnosti mikrohranil v nekaterih vzorcih ŠT ne ujemajo z deklariranimi. Največja odstopanja so prisotna pri vitaminu D3, kjer je bilo kar 24 % vzorcev, ki so vsebovali vitamin D, izven dovoljeni toleranc. Z zaužitjem priporočenega odmerka, se pri veliki večini vzorcev pokrije vsaj 100 % priporočenega dnevnega odmerka izbranega mikrohranila (% PDVmikrohranila). Kar 56 (79 %) obravnavanih PD je označenih z zdravstvenimi trditvami, pri čemer 7 (13 %) vzorcev ni izpolnjevalo pogojev uporabe trditev. Večina vzorcev je imela deklarirane kemijske oblike dodanih mikrohranil, ki so dovoljene za uporabo v prehranskih dopolnilih, manjši delež vzorcev pa ni imel navedenih kemijskih oblik vitaminov. Uporaba sladil je bila zelo pogosta, saj je kar 99 % (N = 70) PD imelo med sestavinami navedeno vsaj eno sladilo. Od sladil so bili obravnavanim PD najpogosteje dodani saharini (79 %). Rezultati naloge kažejo potrebo po izboljšavah v označevanju in nadzoru PD.Dietary supplements are increasingly recognized as an important source of micronutrients for the population, as many consumers seek alternatives to enhance their dietary intake. Despite their growing popularity, concerns regarding the quality and compliance of these products with labeled contents, critical for ensuring both safety and efficacy, have emerged. This thesis aimed to evaluate the consistency between the declared contents of selected micronutrients (vitamins D3, B12, C, and minerals zinc, calcium, magnesium, and iron) in effervescent tablets and their actual composition, as determined through laboratory analysis. A laboratory analysis and comprehensive review of the packaging was conducted, including an assessment of the ingredients, chemical forms of micronutrients, and the use of nutritional and health claims. Laboratory analyses revealed discrepancies between the micronutrient levels in certain effervescent tablets samples and the declared values, with the most significant deviations observed for vitamin D3, where 24 % of samples fell outside the permissible tolerance. For the recommended intake, most samples met or exceeded 100 % of the recommended daily allowance for the examined micronutrients. A total of 56 (79 %) of the dietary supplements considered were labeled with health claims, while 7 (13 %) samples did not meet the conditions for use of the claims. Most samples declared chemical forms of micronutrients that are authorized for use in dietary supplements, although a minority did not specify the chemical forms of vitamins. The use of sweeteners was prevalent, with 99 % (N = 70) of dietary supplements listing at least one sweetener among the ingredients, predominantly saccharin (79 %). The findings underscore the need for improvements in the labeling and regulatory oversight of dietary supplements
Sweeteners in non-alcoholic beverages on Slovenian market in 2017 and 2019
Full text linkV raziskavi smo ugotavljali, kakšen delež brezalkoholnih pijač vsebuje sladila in ali se delež pijač z dodanimi sladili povečuje. Brezalkoholne pijače v vzorcu so predstavljale vse izbrane pijače, ki so bile na razpolago v času popisa v trgovinah petih največjih trgovskih družb v Sloveniji. V raziskavo smo vključili 1043 brezalkoholnih pijač iz leta 2017 in 1221 pijač iz leta 2019. Ugotovili smo, da vsaj eno sladilo vsebuje 13,2 % pijač v 2017 in 15,5 % pijač v 2019. Delež brezalkoholnih pijač s sladili se je med letoma nekoliko povišal, a razlika ni statistično značilna. Med pijačami se je uporaba sladil najbolj povečala v kategoriji energijskih pijač. Najpogosteje uporabljena sladila v letu 2017 so bila acesulfam K, aspartam in ciklamati, leta 2019 pa je močno narastla uporaba sukraloze, ki je postala drugo najpogosteje uporabljeno sladilo. V večini brezalkoholnih pijač s sladili so bile uporabljene zmesi več sladil. Kot samostojni sladili sta se uporabljali le sukraloza in steviol glikozidi. Zaradi pogostejše uporabe sukraloze v letu 2019, se je posledično v tem letu zvišala tudi uporaba samostojnih sladil. Raziskovali smo tudi energijsko vrednost pijač in vsebnost sladkorjev v pijačah, v povezavi z uporabo sladil. Rezultati so pokazali skoraj za polovico znižano energijsko vrednost pijač pri delnem nadomeščanju sladkorjev s sladili. Ob izključnem slajenju s sladili pa je bila razlika seveda še opaznejša. Primerjava z drugimi državami je pokazala, da je ponudba brezalkoholnih pijač na slovenskem trgu precej primerljiva s tujimi trgi, smo pa opazili nekoliko manjšo zastopanost pijač z dodanimi sladili. Trenutna ponudba brezalkoholnih pijač v Sloveniji in iniciative za zniževanje sladkorjev nakazujejo, da bi bilo ponudbo možno še izboljšati, pri čemer bi se bilo iz javno-zdravstvenih razlogov smotrno osredotočili tudi na javno ozaveščanje uživanja manj sladkih pijač in ne le nadomeščanju sladkorja s sladili.The aim of research was to evaluate what proportion of non-alcoholic beverages contains sweeteners and whether the proportion of these beverages is increasing. Non-alcoholic beverages in our sample represented all selected beverages that were available at the time of sampling in the stores of five largest retailers in Slovenia. The study included 1043 non-alcoholic beverages from 2017 and 1221 non-alcoholic beverages from 2019. We found out that sweeteners were present in 13,2 % of beverages in 2017 and 15,5 % of beverages in 2019. The percentage of non-alcoholic beverages with sweeteners slightly increased between the years, but the difference is not statistically significant. The use of sweeteners increased the most in energy drinks. The most commonly used sweeteners in 2017 were acesulfame K, aspartame and cyclamates. In 2019 the use of sucralose increased significantly, which became second most used sweetener that year. Beverages with added sweeteners in most cases contained sweeteners blends. Only sucralose and steviol glycosides were used alone. Due to the increased use of sucralose in 2019, the percentage of beverages with only one sweetener also increased that year. We also researched the energy value and sugar content of beverages, in connection with the use of sweeteners. The results showed an almost half reduction in the energy value of beverages when sugars were only partially replaced with sweeteners. In beverages sweetened only with sweetener the difference was, of course, even more noticeable. A comparison with other countries showed that the offer of non-alcoholic beverages on the Slovenian market is quite comparable to foreign markets, but we observed a slightly lower representation of beverages with added sweeteners. The current offer of non-alcoholic beverages in Slovenia and initiatives for the reduction of sugars indicate, that there is still room for new products with added sweeteners. It is also important to raise public awareness on the consumption of sugary drinks and not just replacing sugar with sweeteners
Validation of nutrition profiling models based on selected dairy products and similar foods of plant origin
Full text linkNutrition knowledge among personal trainers and fitness users
No full textPoznavanje osnov zdrave in uravnotežene prehrane ter redna telesna vadba sta dva iz med temeljev za vzpostavitev in ohranjanje zdravega življenjskega sloga. Mnogo ljudi se s tem namenom odloči za obiskovanje fitnes centrov, kjer jim trenerji fitnesa poleg podpore med vadbo pogosto nudijo tudi prehranske nasvete. Namen magistrske naloge je raziskati znanje o prehrani tako pri trenerjih fitnesa, kot tudi pri uporabnikih fitnes storitev in ugotoviti pogostost uporabe prehranskih dopolnil ter identificirati glavne vire informacij o prehrani. S spletnim vprašalnikom anketirali 101 uporabnikov fitnes storitev ter 50 trenerjev fitnesa. Ugotovili smo, da obe preiskovani skupini informacije o prehrani najpogosteje iščeta na svetovnem spletu in določili visoko stopnjo uporabe prehranskih dopolnil tako pri trenerjih fitnesa, kot tudi pri uporabnikih fitnes storitev. S pomočjo vprašalnika ’49-Item Sports Nutrition Knowledge Instrument (49-SNKI) for Adult Athletes’ smo uspeli določiti stopnjo znanja o prehrani udeležencev ter ju primerjali med seboj. Rezultati so pokazali, da imajo trenerji fitnesa boljše prehransko znanje kot uporabniki fitnes storitev, ki pa je še vedno nezadostno. Obenem smo identificirali različne vrzeli, ki potrjujejo, da je tako pri trenerjih fitnesa kot pri uporabnikih fitnes storitev še veliko prostora za izboljšave znanja o prehrani.Healthy and balanced diet as well as regular exercise are two of the foundations for establishing and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. To achieve that, many people choose to join fitness centers. There, personal trainers often offer nutritional advice in addition to their training guidance. The aim of this master thesis was to investigate the nutritional knowledge of both personal trainers and fitness users, to determine the frequency of use of dietary supplements, and identify the main sources of nutritional information. Using an online questionnaire, we were included 101 fitness users and 50 personal trainers. We found that both groups most frequently search for nutrition information on the internet. We also identified a high level of use of dietary supplements among both personal trainers and fitness users. Using the \u2749-Item Sports Nutrition Knowledge Instrument (49-SNKI) for Adult Athletes\u27 questionnaire, we determined the participants\u27 level of nutrition knowledge and compared between groups. The results showed that personal trainers have better nutritional knowledge than fitness users, but still less than satisfactory. We also found various knowledge gaps which suggest that there is still plenty of room for improvement for both personal trainers and fitness users
Evaluation of selected nutrients content in available and advertised foods on Slovenian market
Full text linkHranilna sestava živil je še posebej pomembna predvsem z vidika vsebnosti določenih hranil, katerih prekomerno uživanje lahko dolgoročno predstavlja zdravstvene težave. Eno takšnih hranil je tudi natrij. V raziskavah smo ugotavljali, kakšna je povprečna vsebnost natrija v posameznih skupinah živil, ki so na voljo na slovenskem tržišču v letu 2011 in 2015 ter kakšna je sestava živil, ki se oglašujejo v medijih. Podatke o povprečni vsebnosti natrija smo utežili s podatki o prodaji posameznih izdelkov. Ugotovili smo, da so z vidika vsebnosti natrija najbolj kritične predvsem skupine živil kot so mesni izdelki, kruh in pekovski izdelki, siri in gotove jedi. S prodajnimi podatki utežena povprečna vsebnost natrija, je bila tako v letu 2011 kot tudi v 2015 v večini skupin živil nižja od povprečja znotraj posamezne skupine živil. Statistično značilnega znižanja povprečne vsebnosti natrija med letoma 2011 in 2015 nismo ugotovili v nobeni skupini živil, ki pomembno prispevajo k prehranskemu vnosu natrija, torej proizvajalci prostovoljno ne zmanjšujejo vsebnosti natrija v živilih. Ugotovili smo tudi, da ima večina živil, ki se oglašujejo otrokom na televiziji in v tiskanih medijih manj ugodno hranilno sestavo. Kot metoda celostnega vrednotenja hranilne sestave živil se uporablja profiliranje živil z različnimi modeli. V naši raziskavi smo uporabili Ofcom in SZO model profiliranja živil, ki sta namenjena omejevanju oglaševanja živil otrokom v medijih in na ta način ovrednotili sestavo oglaševanih živil. Glede na rezultate raziskav bi bila v Sloveniji nujna zakonska ureditev tega področja, ne samo na televiziji, ampak na ostalih medijskih kanalih.Nutritional composition of foods is crucial especially in terms of certain nutrients, which can present health issues whean consumed in excess amounts for longer time periods. Such nutrient is also sodium. In this study, we examined what is the average amount of sodium in specific food categories in pre-packed foods, available on Slovenian market in years 2011 and 2015. Sales-weighted average sodium content was used. The results showed that from sodium content perspective, the most critical food categories were meat and derivatives, bread, cheese and ready meals. Sales-weighted sodium content was lower than average sodium content in most food categories in 2011 as well as in 2015. We observed no statistically significant difference in average sodium content between 2011 and 2015 in any of food categories. The results show that most foods which are advertised to children on television and in print media have poor nutritional composition. As a method for integrated evaluation of nutritional composition of foods, method of nutritional profiling was found useful. We used Ofcom and WHO nutrient profiling model, which are being used for limiting food advertising to children in media. From this point of view, legal regulation of this area would be necessary in Slovenia, not only on television, where it was recently applied, but also in all other media
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