419 research outputs found
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Psychological predictors behind the intention to drink and drive among female drivers: Application of extended theory of planned behavior
No full textWe, the Editor and Publisher of Traffic Injury Prevention, have retracted the following article: Ankit Kumar Yadav. Psychological predictors behind the intention to drink and drive among female drivers: Application of extended theory of planned behavior. Traffic Injury Prevention. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2019.1703961. The author has requested the retraction of his article due to an error in one of the collected psychological measures. During data extraction, the responses for ‘attitude’ and ‘intention’ measures were switched and may have influenced the findings from the developed regression model and its results. As a result, the Editor and Publisher have agreed to retract the article in full. We have investigated and have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.</p
AI-Driven Terrain Segmentation and Material Interaction Modeling for Extraterrestrial Landings
No full textRocket landings on extraterrestrial landscapes face major challenges since the terrains are heterogeneous material surfaces, composed of regolith, rocks, and craters with complex multiscale behavior. Such variability undermines the stability of a rocket’s structure, making accurate landing essential. Artificial Intelligence presents favourable approaches that can enhance safety and effectiveness during these tasks. From a materials science perspective, these methods also represent data-driven multiscale modeling techniques, where terrain is treated as a responsive material system whose phases must be segmented and characterized. Prior studies demonstrate that AI can improve spacecraft navigation, surface characterization, and trajectory control. Semantic segmentation with Deeplab v3+, Bayesian deep learning for hazard detection, and reinforcement learning for trajectory optimization have all contributed to progress, but current approaches fail to fuse accurate terrain segmentation with predictive evaluation of optimal landing sites. This limitation parallels the gap in smart material research where micro- and macro-scale modeling often remain siloed. The proposed methodology addresses this by integrating U-Net with VGG-16 for extraterrestrial surface segmentation and an Extraterrestrial Landscape and Terrain Analysis (ELATA) model, a modified CNN for evaluating landing suitability. Collectively, these models function as a multiscale data fusion pipeline: segmentation provides micro-level material differentiation, while ELATA predicts macro-level structural interaction stability. Both models achieve high accuracy and demonstrate cross-surface generalization. This framework not only ensures that the optimal landing spot is identified for rockets but also illustrates a generalizable AI approach for smart materials modeling. By treating extraterrestrial terrain as a complex material system, the study highlights how AI-driven segmentation and predictive modeling can advance not only aerospace safety but also broader domains such as nanomaterials, biomaterials, and adaptive composites in Industry 4.0
RECTIFIED DIFFERENTIAL CRYPTANALYSIS OF 16 ROUND PRESENT
No full textRECTIFIED DIFFERENTIAL CRYPTANALYSIS OF 16 ROUND PRESENT
Manoj Kumar , Pratibha Yadav and Meena Kumari
SAG, DRDO, Metcalfe House, Delhi-110054, India
ABSTRACT
In this paper, we have suggested rectifications in differential cryptanalysis of ultra-lightweight block cipher PRESENT reduced to 16 rounds. We have shown that proposed differential attack by Wang [3] on 16 round PRESENT can recover at the most 30 subkey bits, although the author has claimed to recover 32 bits of subkey for last two rounds. We have also computed data complexity and success probability for recovering 30 subkey bits accordingly by the differential attack on 16 round PRESENT.
KEYWORDS
Lightweight block cipher, differential cryptanalysis, PRESEN
Applicability of the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model Data for Basin-Scale Spatiotemporal Drought Assessment
No full textDrought directly impacts the living organisms and environment, and thereby, its assessment is essential. Different drought indices require different data, which can be obtained based on models or in-situ measurements, demanding a significant amount of effort. Using remotely sensed (RS) data from satellites can facilitate this data acquisition. Nowadays, more and more satellite techniques are rising, highlighting the need to assess the accuracy of their data and the reliability of the results obtained by employing them. The Wet-environment Evapotranspiration Precipitation Standardized Index (WEPSI) has shown good performance in drought monitoring and assessment, especially for agricultural purposes. This chapter employs the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) data to investigate its applicability in the Lempa River basin drought assessment using WEPSI. In this order, evaluated data obtained from the Water Evaluation and Planning system (WEAP) were used as the basis for comparison. Precisely, a comparison was made with GLEAM and WEAP-based data as well as WEPSI time series based on these two datasets. The results show a relatively high similarity between these two datasets and calculated WEPSI drought indices. This validates the good performance of GLEAM-based data in drought monitoring and assessment based on WEPSI.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Water Resource
Correction: Singh et al. An Experimental Investigation on the Material Removal Rate and Surface Roughness of a Hybrid Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite (Al6061/SiC/Gr). Metals 2021, 11, 1449
No full textHarish Kumar Garg was not included as an author in the published article [...
Pattern of Cancer in Nepal from 2003 to 2011
Get PDFCorrection: On 15th January 2017, the authors Sunil Kumar Sah and Naval Kishor Yadav were added to the author list.Cancer is global burden of disease in developed and developing countries. It is one of the main causes of death. The environmental factor and life styles are major causes of cancer.This hospital based retrospective study was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained at seven cancer centers. The most common basis of diagnosis were microscopic (histopathological and cytopathological examination). The diagnosis was also based on clinical examination, radiological examination, endoscopy, biochemical and immunological tests.Most of the cancer cases were diagnosed at BPKMCH (23908) followed by BPKIHS (9668) and BH (5959) and few cases from KCH (518) in 2003 to 2011. The total number of cancer cases were increasing from 2003 to 2011 and it become double in 2011. Out of 75 district of Nepal, more number of cancer cases was found in Kathmandu, Sunsari, Morang, Chitwan, Lalitpur, Jhapa, Kaski, Nawalparasi, Rupendehi and Kavrepalchowk in 2010. Similarly, in 2011 more number of cancer cases was found in Kathmandu, Morang, Jhapa, Sunsari, Chitwan, Lalitpur, Rupendehi, Kaski, Saptari, Bhaktapur. Lung cancer was the common cancer and similarly, other prevalent cancers were cervical, breast, stomach, ovarian and colo-rectum cancer in 2003 to 2011. The common cancers were lung, cervical, breast, stomach, ovarian and colo-rectum. The number of patients is increasing, which may be due to change in life style and lack of education
Motion through a non-homogeneous porous medium: Hydrodynamic permeability of a membrane composed of cylindrical particles
No full textInvestigating and Addressing Tiger Conservation in the Himalayas
Get PDFIn 2010, tiger conservation received global attention following a dangerously low estimation of 3,200 tigers in the wild. In response, leaders from the 13 tiger range countries committed to doubling the wild tiger population by 2022. In recent years, tiger numbers have increased considerably in the Himalayan region as the species is venturing into higher-altitude landscapes. As the tiger and human populations increase in the region, the probability of the two species interacting also increases. Therefore, this dissertation, comprised of three independent studies, aimed to identify, and address tiger conservation issues in the Himalayan region from a social science perspective.
In the first study, a systematic scoping review was used to understand the nature, extent, and trends of the research literature about tiger conservation in the region (Bhutan, India and Nepal) between 2000 and 2020. Results indicate that 216 studies have been conducted and have mainly focused on tiger habitat, ecology, and regional conflicts. The results provide research gaps and recommendations for researchers, policymakers, and agencies to prioritize tiger conservation research topics and interventions in the Himalayan region.
The second study was conducted in the state of Sikkim in northeast India to understand local communities’ perceptions toward tigers and tiger conservation using semi-structured interviews. Significant themes from the 42 interviews were social capital, tiger presence, benefits, conservation, and communities’ recommendations. The results highlight factors shaping human judgments toward tigers and natural resources more broadly, which decision-makers can use to address the priorities of a broad range of stakeholders.
The third study was a systematic evaluation of Project Tiger that investigated how the biophysical environment, socioeconomic conditions, and institutional arrangements have contributed to the increased tiger population in India, including areas in the Himalayas. This study summarizes the strengths and challenges in India’s tiger conservation environment to improve species recovery in the wild.
Ultimately, findings from these studies identify the research, policy, and community mechanisms that can continue to promote tiger conservation in the Himalayan region. This dissertation also provides lessons for other tiger range countries that have experienced less conservation success. Many results and recommendations are transferrable to other species and conservation landscapes
Tomato Quality from Organic and Conventional Production in the Selected Area of Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal
No full textFrom the selected area of Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal, conventional and organic tomatoes were grown and tested with different parameters. Conventional tomatoes contained less value of Mg, Ca, K, Cu and Mn, but more value of Fe than organic tomatoes, where as Pb and Ni were not detected.The Zn was found to be same in both tomatoes sample. The sizes of conventional tomatoes were reportedly bigger than organic tomatoes. The viscosity and surface tension of organic tomatoes juice were reported to be higher than in conventional tomatoes juice. The refractive index value was found to be lower in conventional tomatoes juice than in organic tomatoes juice. The vitamin C value was found to be higher in conventional tomatoes juice than in organic tomatoes juice. The comparative study of color, juice containing capacity, storage capacity and firmness of organic and conventional tomatoes of Dharan,Sunsari,Nepal has also been included.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(1): 91-97</jats:p
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