1,872 research outputs found
Ultrasonic modulated rice bran protein concentrate: Induced effects on morphological, functional, rheological, and thermal characteristics
No full textThe effect of low frequency (20 kHz) ultrasonication at varying amplitude (20%, 30%, 40% for 30 min) on the morphological, functional, rheological, and thermal characteristics of rice bran protein concentrate (RBPC) from three different rice varieties: Pusa Basmati- 1509, 1121 and Sugandha were undertaken for the study. Scanning Electron Microscopy images showed that sonication treatment changed the microstructure of RBPC as some pores appeared on the smooth particles surface and more disordered structures compared to the untreated sample. Sonication treatment decreased mean particle size, D[4,3] from 89.77 μm (untreated) to 64.34 μm (20% amplitude), and increased surface hydrophobicity significantly (p < 0.05), from 1.34 ± 0.0080 (untreated) to 1.65 ± 0.0081 (20% amplitude) of 1121 RBPC variety. The FTIR analysis showed that sonication treatment altered RPBC secondary structure as β sheets, and random coils increased while reducing α-helix and β-turns. Sonication treatment at a lower amplitude of 20% made RBPCs brighter in color as lightness, redness, and yellowness values increased. The results showed that sonication treatment has improved the foaming capacity (FC), foaming stability (FS), and oil binding capacity (OBC) of all RBPC varieties. The FC increased significantly from 34.10 ± 0.27 (untreated) to 50.13 ± 0.98 (30% amplitude), FS (60 min) from 21.19 ± 0.63 (untreated) to 44.20 ± 0.26 (30% amplitude), and OBC from 1.42 ± 0.05 (untreated) to 1.61 ± 0.01 (30% amplitude) of 1509 RBPC variety, respectively (p < 0.05). Furthermore, water binding capacity and emulsion activity were reduced for all RBPC varieties after sonication, while solubility and digestibility improved for the 1121 variety, whereas reduced for the 1509 and Sugandha RBPC varieties. Frequency sweep analysis showed that sonication treatment reduced both the storage modulus and loss modulus of RBPC dispersions. Moreover, protein gel linkages transformed from non-covalent to covalently cross-link with increasing % amplitude for the 1121 RBPC variety. Ultrasonication at a lower 20% amplitude, first decreased the denaturation temperature (Tp) of 1121 RBPC variety from 72.5 °C to 63 °C, then increased it to 77.3 °C at higher 40% amplitude. In conclusion, under the conditions investigated in this study, sonication treatment has the potential to modify the foaming and oil-binding properties of RBPCs
Duality of Illusion and Reality in Desai\u27s In Custody
No full textIn his article Duality of Illusion and Reality in Desai\u27s In Custody, Narinder K. Sharma analyses Anita Desai\u27s internal confrontation of choices. In the novel, Desai\u27s narration offers various options at every step and the author suggests that it becomes difficult to decide what actually should be done. The attempt is to personalize impersonal time and space thereby brings it into the domain of conflicting choices signifying an existential desire to manifest freedom. Going a step further, it can be deciphered that the individual desires to make an ideal choice to experience authenticity ; however, the desire of making an ideal choice results in the creation of psychic tension. Thus, for Desai, the subject often feels a psychic pull which signifies a lack, a void, or a possibility of something ideal left out or missed. In Sharma\u27s analysis of In Custody the contradiction that splits an individual apart as subjective reflection takes place with relation to making an existential choice
Isolation and Identification of a Biologically Active Isoflavonoid from Cudrania javanensis
No full text SUMMARYIsolation of isoflavonoids has become a frequent endeavor, due to their interesting biological activities. Osajin, 1 ({5-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-8,8 dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4H.8H-pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one]} is a naturally occurring isoflavonoid which was isolated from the fruits of Cudrania javanensis1, 2. The structure was elucidated using spectroscopic methods, including NMR, IR, and MS.Key words: Cudrania javanensis, Moraceae, Isoflavonoids, Osajin G. K. Sarmah and R. K. Sharma. Isolation and Identification of a Biologically Active Isoflavonoid from Cudrania javanensis. J Phytol 2/5 (2010) 47-49.*Corresponding Author, Email: [email protected]
Learning-based method for k-space trajectory design in MRI
No full textVariable density sampling of the k-space in MRI is an integral part of trajectory design. It has been observed that data-driven trajectory design methods provide a better image reconstruction as compared to trajectories obtained from a fixed or a parametric density function. In this paper, a data-driven strategy has been proposed to obtain non-Cartesian continuous k-space sampling trajectories for MRI under the compressed sensing framework (greedy non-Cartesian (GNC)). A stochas-tic version of the algorithm (stochastic greedy non-Cartesian (SGNC)) is also proposed that reduces the computation time. We compare the proposed trajectory with a traveling salesman problem (TSP)-based trajectory and an echo planar imaging-like trajectory obtained by a greedy method called stochastic greedy-Cartesian (SGC) algorithm. The training images are taken from knee images of the fastMRI dataset. It is observed that the proposed algorithms outperform the TSP-based and the SGC trajectories for similar read-out times.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Signal Processing System
On rigid rings
No full textAbstractWe define the notion of rigid ring. This occurred naturally while studying pole-assignment of algebras over j-Noetherian rings of j-dimension 0, and over j-Noetherian domains of j-dimension 1 with (0), j-prime; zero-dimensional Noetherian rings; some extension rings of R[X] where R is a 0-dimensional, Noetherian ring. Further, it is proved that for certain fields K, K[X, Y] is not rigid. It is also proved that if R is a ring of integers in a number field with no real embeddings, then R[X] is not rigid
A genetic variation in inositol polyphosphate 4 phosphatase A enhances susceptibility to asthma
No full textRationale: Microarray data from mouse studies have identified a number of genes to be differentially expressed in allergen-sensitized mice lungs. Objectives: Taking leads from these datasets, we attempted to identify novel genes associated with atopic asthma in humans. Methods: We performed family-based genetic association analysis on selected markers within or in proximity of 21 human homologs of genes short-listed from ovalbumin-sensitized mouse studies in the Gene Expression Omnibus database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Family-based and case-control studies were undertaken for fine mapping and functional variation analysis of INPP4A (inositol polyphosphate 4 phosphatase type I). Western blot analysis was performed to analyze INPP4A protein stability from human platelets. Measurements and Main Results: Our genetic association studies of 21 human genes in 171 trios led to the identification of a biallelic repeat (rs3217304) in INPP4A, associated with atopic asthma (P = 0.009). Further studies using additional three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), +92031A/T, +92344C/T, and +131237C/T, and two microsatellite markers, D2S2311 and D2S2187, revealed significant genetic associations with loci +92031A/T (P = 0.0012) and +92344C/T (P = 0.004). A nonsynonymous SNP, +110832A/G (Thr/Ala), present within a sequence enriched with proline, glutamic acid, serine, and threonine (PEST), in proximity of these two loci, showed a significant association with atopic asthma (P = 0.0006). The association results were also replicated in an independent cohort of 288 patients and 293 control subjects (P = 0.004). PEST score and Western blot analyses indicated a functional role of this SNP in regulating INPP4A protein stability. Conclusions: In our study, INPP4A was identified as a novel asthma candidate gene, whereby the +110832A/G (Thr/Ala) variant affected its stability and was significantly associated with asthma
Trace-strength and source-monitoring accounts of accuracy and metacognitive resolution in the misinformation paradigm
No full textTwo experiments are reported that investigate the impact of misinformation on memory accuracy and metacognitive resolution. In Experiment 1, participants viewed a series of photographs depicting a crime scene, were exposed to misinformation that contradicted details in the slides, and later took a recognition memory test. For each answer, participants were required to indicate whether they were willing to testify (report) their answer to the Court and to rate confidence. Misinformation impaired memory accuracy but it had no effect on resolution, regardless of whether resolution was indexed with confidence-rating measures (gamma correlation and mean confidence) or a report-option measure (type-2 discrimination: d’). In Experiment 2, a similar accuracy-confidence dissociation was found, and the misinformation effect occurred mostly with fine-grained responses, suggesting that responding was based on recollected details. We argue that the results support source-monitoring accounts of accuracy and resolution rather than accounts based on trace strength
K-Space Trajectory Design for Reduced MRI Scan Time
No full textThe development of compressed sensing (CS) techniques for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is enabling a speedup of MRI scanning. To increase the incoherence in the sampling, a random selection of points on the k-space is deployed and a continuous trajectory is obtained by solving a traveling salesman problem (TSP) through these points. A feasible trajectory satisfying the gradient constraints is then obtained by parameterizing it using state-of-the-art methods. In this paper, a constrained convex optimization based method to obtain feasible trajectories is proposed. The method is motivated by the fact that the readout time is proportional to the number of sample points and includes the lengths of the segments of the trajectory in the cost function to obtain variable length trajectories. The proposed method provides a reduction in readout time by more than 50% for random-like trajectories with an improvement of about 1.5 dB in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and 0.0762 in structural similarity (SSIM) index on average for a realistic brain phantom MRI image adopting single-shot trajectories.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Signal Processing System
Subnational Determinants of Foreign Direct Investments in the Russian Federation
No full textOur purpose is to examine the determinants of subnational distribution of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) in the key fifteen regions of Russia over the period of 2005-2011 using panel data. Within the most important economic regions of the country we found market seeking is still the main purpose of foreign inward investments. As a result, the size of the Russian consumer market presents a significant influence on the foreign economic activities alongside trade openness and government economic incentives. Our results from regression analysis indicate that gross regional product per capita, trade openness and the existence of special economic zones have significant positive impact on the regional distribution of FDI in the Russian Federation
A note on lifting of chains of prime ideals
No full textAbstractIn (J. Pure Appl. Algebra 179 (2003) 1) it is proved that for a ring homomorphism α:R→A such that α−1(IA)=I for all ideals I of R, given any chain of prime ideals ℘0⊆℘1⊆⋯⊆℘n in R there exists a chain of prime ideals q0⊆q1⊆⋯⊆qn in A such that α−1(qi)=℘i. Here, under the weaker assumption α−1(℘A)=℘ for all prime ideals ℘ of R, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for validity of (J. Pure Appl. Algebra 179 (2003) 1) and deduce the theorem as a corollary. We note that α−1(IA)=I for all ideals I in R is not a necessary condition
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