1,721,091 research outputs found
The FORA Framework - A Fuzzy Grassroots Ontology for Online Reputation Management
No full textOnline reputation management deals with monitoring and influencing the online record of a person, an organization or a product. The Social Web offers increasingly simple ways to publish and disseminate personal or opinionated information, which can rapidly have a disastrous influence on the online reputation of some of the entities. The author focuses on the Social Web and possibilities of its integration with the Semantic Web as resource for a semi-automated tracking of online reputations using imprecise natural language terms. The inherent structure of natural language supports humans not only in communication but also in the perception of the world. Thereby fuzziness is a promising tool for transforming those human perceptions into computer artifacts. Through fuzzy grassroots ontologies, the Social Semantic Web becomes more naturally and thus can streamline online reputation management. For readers interested in the cross-over field of computer science, information systems, and social sciences, this book is an ideal source for becoming acquainted with the evolving field of fuzzy online reputation management in the Social Semantic Web area.
Verbalization of Dependencies Between Concepts Built Through Fuzzy Cognitive Maps
No full textThe new computing paradigm known as cognitive computing attempts to imitate the human capabilities of learning, problem solving, and considering things in context. To do so, an application (a cognitive system) must learn from its environment (e.g., by interacting with various interfaces). These interfaces can run the gamut from sensors to humans to databases. Accessing data through such interfaces allows the system to conduct cognitive tasks that can support humans in decision-making or problem-solving processes. Cognitive systems can be integrated into various domains (e.g., medicine or insurance). For example, a cognitive system in cities can collect data, can learn from various data sources and can then attempt to connect these sources to provide real time optimizations of subsystems within the city (e.g., the transportation system). In this study, we provide a methodology for integrating a cognitive system that allows data to be verbalized, making the causalities and hypotheses generated from the cognitive system more understandable to humans. We abstract a city subsystem—passenger flow for a taxi company—by applying fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs). FCMs can be used as a mathematical tool for modeling complex systems built by directed graphs with concepts (e.g., policies, events, and/or domains) as nodes and causalities as edges. As a verbalization technique we introduce the restriction-centered theory of reasoning (RCT). RCT addresses the imprecision inherent in language by introducing restrictions. Using this underlying combinatorial design, our approach can handle large data sets from complex systems and make the output understandable to humans
Smarte Logistik- und Mobilitätslösungen für die Stadt der Zukunft: Entwicklungsbeispiele der Schweizerischen Post
No full textDieser Artikel zeigt anhand eines Praxisbeispiels – der Schweizerischen Post –, wie in der Smart City Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien zielgerichtet für die nachhaltige soziale und ökologische Gestaltung von Logistik und Mobilität genutzt werden können. Insbesondere in den Bereichen Logistik und Mobilität werden unter anderem mithilfe von Robotik und Internet of (Postal) Things Innovationen vorangetrieben, um sich den zukünftigen urbanen Herausforderungen stellen zu können. Smarte Systeme können künftig dazu beitragen, individuellere und kundenfreundlichere Dienstleistungen zu erbringen
Open Smart City: Good Governance für smarte Städte
No full textAm Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik der Universität Bern (IWI) wird zurzeit das Konzept open smart city entwickelt. Es steht für Tools, Projekte, Initiativen und Strategien, die dem erhöhten Informations- und Kommunikationsbedarf der smart city im Bereich städtischer governance Rechnung tragen, indem sie systematisch Gesichtspunkte aus dem Bereich open governance und open government data integrieren. Insbesondere geht es um die Entwicklung geeigneter Mechanismen der Kommunikation und Interaktion zwischen der Stadt beziehungsweise stadtnahen Institutionen und den Stakeholdern. Es werden exemplarisch bestehende Projekte geschildert, darunter auch Code for Bern, eine Initiative des IWI, die im Zuge der Entwicklungsarbeit von open smart city entstanden ist
Cognitive Cities: An Application for Nairobi. Text Message Participation of Slum Inhabitants to Improve Sanitary Facilities
No full textPopulation growth is always increasing, and thus the concept of smart and cognitive cities is becoming more important. Developed countries are aware of and working towards needed changes in city management. However, emerging countries require the optimization of their own city management. This chapter illustrates, based on a use case, how a city in an emerging country can quickly progress using the concept of smart and cognitive cities. Nairobi, the capital of Kenya, is chosen for the test case. More than half of the population of Nairobi lives in slums with poor sanitation, and many slum inhabitants often share a single toilet, so the proper functioning and reliable maintenance of toilets are crucial. For this purpose, an approach for processing text messages based on cognitive computing (using soft computing methods) is introduced. Slum inhabitants can inform the responsible center via text messages in cases when toilets are not functioning properly. Through cognitive computer systems, the responsible center can fix the problem in a quick and efficient way by sending repair workers to the area. Focusing on the slum of Kibera, an easy-to-handle approach for slum inhabitants is presented, which can make the city more efficient, sustainable and resilient (i.e., cognitive)
A Dynamic Route Planning Prototype for Cognitive Cities
No full textA software prototype for dynamic route planning in the travel industry for cognitive cities is presented in this paper. In contrast to existing tools, the prototype enhances the travel experience (i.e., sightseeing) by allowing additional flexibility to the user. The theoretical background of the paper strengthens the understanding of the introduced concepts (e.g., cognitive cities, fuzzy logic, graph databases) to comprehend the presented prototype. The prototype applies an instantiation and enhancement of the graph database Neo4j . For didactical reasons and to strengthen the understanding of this prototype a scenario, applied to route planning in the city of Bern (Switzerland) is shown in the paper
HMD - Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik - Smart City
No full textDer Begriff Smart City oder Ubiquitous City bezeichnet die Nutzung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien in Städten und Agglomerationen, um den sozialen und ökologischen Lebensraum nachhaltig zu entwickeln. Dazu zählen z.B. Projekte zur Verbesserung der Mobilität, Nutzung intelligenter Systeme für Wasser- und Energieversorgung, Förderung sozialer Netzwerke, Erweiterung politischer Partizipation, Ausbau von Entrepreneurship, Schutz der Umwelt sowie Erhöhung von Sicherheit und Lebensqualität.
Das Themenheft widmet sich der Vielfalt dieser webbasierten Entwicklungen und berichtet über erste Erfahrungen von Pionierprojekten aus den folgenden Anwendungsfeldern: Smart Mobility, Smart Energy, Smart Economy, Smart Environment, Smart Governance, Smart Participation und Smart Living. Das Heft soll dazu dienen, den State of the Art der intelligenten Nutzung von Webtechnologien für den urbanen Raum aufzuzeigen, um damit Chancen und Risiken aufzudecken
Auswertung Befragung eProcess
Full text linkDieses Dokument beschreibt die Erkenntnisse der qualitativen Umfrage im Projekt eProcess.
Dabei werden insbesondere die Motive beschrieben, weshalb organisationsübergreifende Prozesse trotz vorhandener Technologien und möglichen Kosteneinsparungen
in der Schweiz nicht breiter genutzt
werden[1, 2]
Towards an Emergent Semantic Web
Full text linkIn his in uential article about the evolution of the Web, Berners-Lee [1] envisions a Semantic Web in which humans and computers alike are capable of understanding and processing information. This vision is yet to materialize. The main obstacle for the Semantic Web vision is that in today's Web meaning is rooted most often not in formal semantics, but in natural language and, in the sense of semiology, emerges not before interpretation and processing. Yet, an automated form of interpretation and processing can be tackled by precisiating raw natural language.
To do that, Web agents extract fuzzy grassroots ontologies through induction from existing Web content. Inductive fuzzy grassroots ontologies thus constitute organically evolved knowledge bases that resemble automated gradual thesauri, which allow precisiating natural language [2]. The Web agents' underlying dynamic, self-organizing, and best-effort induction, enable a sub-syntactical bottom up learning of semiotic associations. Thus, knowledge is induced from the users' natural use of language in mutual Web interactions, and stored in a gradual, thesauri-like lexical-world
knowledge database as a top-level ontology, eventually allowing a form of computing with words [3]. Since when computing with words the objects of computation are words, phrases and propositions drawn from natural languages, it proves to be a practical notion to yield emergent semantics for the Semantic Web.
In the end, an improved understanding by computers on the one hand should upgrade human- computer interaction on the Web, and, on the other hand allow an initial version of human- intelligence amplification through the Web
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