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Expression of vasa , piwi , and nanos during gametogenesis in Typosyllis antoni (Annelida, Syllidae)
No full text(Annelida, Syllidae)
No full textAlthough model species have proven to be crucial for developmental biology, the evo‐devo approach requires a broader picture across phylogeny. Herein, we try to expand the range of studied annelids by presenting a transcriptome of Typosyllis antoni as a tool for the study of developmental and evolutionary processes in Syllidae. Moreover, we provide homologs of the stem‐cell markers vasa , piwi , and nanos , and investigate their expression patterns in gamete‐producing individuals for the first time in this group. We found no expression in females, while there is a distinct expression pattern in males. Based on this data, we argue that spermatogenesis starts in the gonads and finishes in the coelomic cavity, and it occurs simultaneously in a large number of segments. Surprisingly, no expression of the stem‐cell markers was found in the segment addition zone of these reproducing animals (stolonizing). Preliminary explanations like a lack of growth during stolonization, or the absence of a common genetic program between germ and somatic stem cells, are discussed. Finally, no reservoir of primordial cells has been detected, suggesting a possible epigenic origin of the Primordial Germ Cells of this species, though this hypothesis needs to be further investigated.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad https://doi.org/10.13039/50110000332
reveal patterns: bifurcated annelids and their implications for the study of development and evolution
No full textComparative transcriptomics in Syllidae (Annelida) indicates that posterior regeneration and regular growth are comparable, while anterior regeneration is a distinct process
Get PDFBackground: Annelids exhibit remarkable postembryonic developmental abilities. Most annelids grow during their
whole life by adding segments through the action of a segment addition zone (SAZ) located in front of the
pygidium. In addition, they show an outstanding ability to regenerate their bodies. Experimental evidence and field
observations show that many annelids are able to regenerate their posterior bodies, while anterior regeneration is
often limited or absent. Syllidae, for instance, usually show high abilities of posterior regeneration, although anterior
regeneration varies across species. Some syllids are able to partially restore the anterior end, while others
regenerate all lost anterior body after bisection. Here, we used comparative transcriptomics to detect changes in
the gene expression profiles during anterior regeneration, posterior regeneration and regular growth of two syllid
species: Sphaerosyllis hystrix and Syllis gracilis; which exhibit limited and complete anterior regeneration, respectively.
Results: We detected a high number of genes with differential expression: 4771 genes in S. hystrix (limited anterior
regeneration) and 1997 genes in S. gracilis (complete anterior regeneration). For both species, the comparative
transcriptomic analysis showed that gene expression during posterior regeneration and regular growth was very
similar, whereas anterior regeneration was characterized by up-regulation of several genes. Among the upregulated genes, we identified putative homologs of regeneration-related genes associated to cellular proliferation,
nervous system development, establishment of body axis, and stem-cellness; such as rup and JNK (in S. hystrix); and
glutamine synthetase, elav, slit, Hox genes, β-catenin and PL10 (in S. gracilis).
Conclusions: Posterior regeneration and regular growth show no significant differences in gene expression in the
herein investigated syllids. However, anterior regeneration is associated with a clear change in terms of gene
expression in both species. Our comparative transcriptomic analysis was able to detect differential expression of
some regeneration-related genes, suggesting that syllids share some features of the regenerative mechanisms
already known for other annelids and invertebratesThis research was supported by MINECO/FEDER, UE funds (Grant: CGL2015–
63593-P, “Macroevolutionary transitions in Syllidae” project, PI: MTA). RPR is
supported by the program “Contratos predoctorales para Formación de
Personal Investigador, FPI-UAM,” Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. GPS is
supported by the “Contratos Predoctorales para la Formación de Doctores
2016” program of the MINECO, Spain (code: BES-2016-076419), cofinanced by
the European Social Found. We acknowledge support by German Research
Foundation and the Open Access Publication Funds of the Georg-AugustUniversität Göttinge
Sex-specific gene expression differences in reproducing Syllis prolifera and Nudisyllis pulligera (Annelida, Syllidae)
No full textSyllidae is an annelid family characterized by its complex life cycles involving some of the most outstanding annelid reproductive strategies. Syllid reproductive modes sometimes imply the modification of the posterior body to form independent reproductive units (schizogamy) or the development of swimming adults (epigamy). These modes of sexual reproduction have been studied for more than 150 years, and yet, little is known regarding their molecular background. Notably, while several studies during the last three decades have revealed details about molecular mechanisms involved in the reproduction of some few model annelids, studies focusing on syllids remain limited. Thus, we performed differential gene expression analyses of female, male, and non-reproducing individuals of Syllis prolifera (schizogamic) and Nudisyllis pulligera (epigamic), as representatives of two different reproductive strategies. For that, transcriptomes from specimens of three conditions (non-reproducing, male, female) were de novo assembled and annotated for S. prolifera and N. pulligera. We found rather similar gene expression profiles for female and non-reproducing individuals, while male gene expression is clearly different. Although previous studies have suggested that femininity in syllids might require additional signalling, our analyses support a scenario, where masculinity may also involve several specific genetic processes
Fig. 3 in Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan
No full textFig. 3 Maximum likelihood tree obtained when analysing the concatenated data matrix (28S + 18S + COI + 16S). Bootstrap support values below nodes. Syllis and Typosyllis species as they were originally describedPublished as part of Aguado, M. Teresa, Ponz-Segrelles, Guillermo, Glasby, Christopher J., Ribeiro, Rannyele P., Nakamura, Mayuko, Oguchi, Kohei, Omori, Akihito, Kohtsuka, Hisanori, Fisher, Christian, Ise, Yuji, Jimi, Naoto & Miura, Toru, 2022, Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan, pp. 377-405 in Organisms Diversity & Evolution 22 on page 8, DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00538-4, http://zenodo.org/record/591458
A new species of Syllis Grube, 1850 including transcriptomic data and an updated phylogeny of Syllinae (Annelida: Syllidae)
No full text◂Fig. 5 Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp. and host sponge Petrosia sp. A Anterior region in dorsal view, prostomium faces down. B Fragment of one specimen. C-F–f Host sponges in their natural habitat. Scale bars: 2 mm A, B, 1 cm C, D and 5 mm E, F in Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan
No full text◂Fig. 5 Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp. and host sponge Petrosia sp. A Anterior region in dorsal view, prostomium faces down. B Fragment of one specimen. C-F–f Host sponges in their natural habitat. Scale bars: 2 mm A, B, 1 cm C, D and 5 mm E, FPublished as part of Aguado, M. Teresa, Ponz-Segrelles, Guillermo, Glasby, Christopher J., Ribeiro, Rannyele P., Nakamura, Mayuko, Oguchi, Kohei, Omori, Akihito, Kohtsuka, Hisanori, Fisher, Christian, Ise, Yuji, Jimi, Naoto & Miura, Toru, 2022, Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan, pp. 377-405 in Organisms Diversity & Evolution 22 on page 11, DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00538-4, http://zenodo.org/record/591458
◂Fig. 10 Scanning electron microscopy images of Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., posterior-most regions and epithelium details. A–D Posterior ends. Arrow in C and D points to heavily ciliated anus. E– G Minute crests on the dorsal surface of midbody segments. Arrows point to crests laterally located on the dorsal surface. H Dorsal surface of posterior segments. I Clumps of cilia on dorsal surface of proventricular segments. Arrows pointing to pores in H. Scale bars: 100 µm A, B, I, 50 um C, G, 5 µm D, E,4 µm F, and 3 µm H in Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan
No full text◂Fig. 10 Scanning electron microscopy images of Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., posterior-most regions and epithelium details. A–D Posterior ends. Arrow in C and D points to heavily ciliated anus. E– G Minute crests on the dorsal surface of midbody segments. Arrows point to crests laterally located on the dorsal surface. H Dorsal surface of posterior segments. I Clumps of cilia on dorsal surface of proventricular segments. Arrows pointing to pores in H. Scale bars: 100 µm A, B, I, 50 um C, G, 5 µm D, E,4 µm F, and 3 µm HPublished as part of Aguado, M. Teresa, Ponz-Segrelles, Guillermo, Glasby, Christopher J., Ribeiro, Rannyele P., Nakamura, Mayuko, Oguchi, Kohei, Omori, Akihito, Kohtsuka, Hisanori, Fisher, Christian, Ise, Yuji, Jimi, Naoto & Miura, Toru, 2022, Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan, pp. 377-405 in Organisms Diversity & Evolution 22 on page 21, DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00538-4, http://zenodo.org/record/591458
◂Fig. 6 Scanning electronmicroscopy images of Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp. A Anterior region up to first 17 segments, dorsal view. B Prostomium in detail, anterodorsal view (broken antennae on stub). C Prostomium and first segments in detail showing dorsal bands of cilia, dorsal view. D–F Pores on dorsal cirri. Scale bars: 1 mm A, 200 µm B, 300 µm C, 50 µm E, 30 µm D, F in Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan
No full text◂Fig. 6 Scanning electronmicroscopy images of Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp. A Anterior region up to first 17 segments, dorsal view. B Prostomium in detail, anterodorsal view (broken antennae on stub). C Prostomium and first segments in detail showing dorsal bands of cilia, dorsal view. D–F Pores on dorsal cirri. Scale bars: 1 mm A, 200 µm B, 300 µm C, 50 µm E, 30 µm D, FPublished as part of Aguado, M. Teresa, Ponz-Segrelles, Guillermo, Glasby, Christopher J., Ribeiro, Rannyele P., Nakamura, Mayuko, Oguchi, Kohei, Omori, Akihito, Kohtsuka, Hisanori, Fisher, Christian, Ise, Yuji, Jimi, Naoto & Miura, Toru, 2022, Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan, pp. 377-405 in Organisms Diversity & Evolution 22 on page 13, DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00538-4, http://zenodo.org/record/591458
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