89,908 research outputs found
Od heretika do hedonista: Kang Youweijevo preoblikovanje Yang Zhuja
No full textAt the end of the nineteenth century, Chinese intellectuals had to respond to the dire situation of their country. Against this background, the leading intellectual Kang Youwei aimed to re-establish some traditional values. Although Yang Zhu had long been employed rhetorically in pre-modern China, Kang reconstructed Yang Zhu as an ancient master who had a coherent theory centered around two expressions: wei wo (serving one’s own interest) and zong yu (indulging in desires). However, there is a tension in Kang’s attitudes towards Yang Zhu: on the one hand, he criticizes Yang Zhu for when he reflects upon the despotic nature of Chinese governance; on the other hand, Kang sees the positive sides of wei wo and zong yu in the achievement of the Great Unity. Despite the ambiguity, Kang’s choice of vocabulary still made an impact to the portrayals of Yang Zhu after his: his portrayal turned this master into someone highly relevant to modern China; he also showed the possibility of reading Yang Zhu in a positive light.Ob koncu devetnajstega stoletja so se morali kitajski intelektualci odzvati na grozljivi položaj svoje države. Na tej osnovi si je vodilni intelektualec Kang Youwei prizadeval ponovno vzpostaviti nekatere tradicionalne vrednote. Čeprav se je ime Yang Zhu v predmoderni Kitajski dolgo uporabljalo v retoričnem pomenu, je Kang Youwei rekonstruiral Yang Zhuja kot starodavnega mojstra, ki je imel koherentno teorijo, osredotočeno na dva izraza: wei wo (služiti lastnemu interesu) in zong yu (prepuščanje željam). V Kangovem odnosu do Yang Zhuja pa vseeno obstaja napetost: po eni strani kritizira Yang Zhuja glede razmišljanja o despotski naravi kitajskega vladanja. Po drugi strani pa Kang vidi pozitivne vidike konceptov wei wo in zong yu v doseganju Velike enotnosti. Kljub tej dvoumnosti je Kangova izbira besedišča v opisovanju Yang Zhuja vplivala na kasnejše, ker je tega mojstra spremenila v nekoga, ki je zelo pomemben za sodobno Kitajsko. Poleg tega pa je pokazal tudi možnost branja in razumevanja Yang Zhuja v pozitivni luči
Blepharicera hebeiensis Kang & Yang, 2014, sp. nov.
No full textBlepharicera hebeiensis sp. nov. (Figs. 16–20) Diagnosis. Compound eyes dichoptic, upper division small, about 1 / 10 as large as lower division. Posterior margin of epandrium concaved medially, W-shaped, lateral margin slightly concaved medially; cercus bilobate, each lobe conical, round apically, with several long hairs. Description. Male. Body length 4.0– 4.5 mm, wing length 5.5 –6.0 mm, wing width 1.7–1.9 mm. Head uniformly dark brown. Ocellar triangle brown. Head mostly without hairs, except eyes with two long hairs along dorsal margin. Compound eyes dichoptic, boundary of upper division and lower division conspicuous; upper division about 1 / 10 as large as lower division, dark brown with pubescences; lower division dark brown with pubescences. Ocelli brick-red, prominent. Antenna longer than head width, scape and pedicel short, with several long hairs medially; first flagellomere slightly constricted basally, other flagellomeres cylindrical; antenna uniformly dark brown with short hairs. Proboscis dark brown with brown hairs. Palpus five-segmented, first segment short, segments 2–4 long, fifth segment slender and long, as long as the total length of segments 1–4; palpus mostly yellow, 5 th segment yellow brown, with brown hairs. Thoracic dorsum uniformly brown; pleuron mostly brown with yellow plaque; only scutellum with dense patches of hairs on anterior margin. Legs mostly yellow brown except coxae and trochanters yellow; legs with uniformly black hairs, tibiae without spurs. Wing (Fig. 17) subhyaline, veins brown. Sc rudimentary, not ending at base of Rs; Rs straight, a little longer than r-m; r-m straight. Base of halter yellow, knob brown with short brown hairs. Abdominal tergites mostly brown, tergites 2–6 with narrow yellow brown band basally; sternites mostly yellow brown; hairs on abdomen dark brown. Male genitalia (Figs. 18–20): Posterior margin of epandrium concaved medially, W-shaped, lateral margin slightly concaved medially, with several long hairs; hypandrium slightly narrow basally, posteromedial margin concave; cercus bilobate, each lobe conical, round apically, with several long hairs; outer gonostylus swollen and slightly notched apically in lateral view, with uniformly hairs; inner gonocoxal lobe transparent, slender; paramere slender. Female. Unknown Material examined: 1 ♂, CHINA, Hebei, Pingquan, Guangtoushan, 1986. VII. 3, 1200 m, Ding Yang; 11 ♂, Hebei, Xiaowutai, 2005. VII. 1, Hui Dong; 2 ♂, Shanxi, Jiaocheng, Pangquangou, Changlicun, 2011. VII. 10, Qifei Liu. Distribution. China (Hebei; Shanxi). Remarks. This new species is somewhat similar to B. yamasakii, but can be easily separated from the latter by the following features: the apical flagellomere is equal in length to the penultimate flagellomere; epandrium transverse, posterior margin concave medially, V-shaped; cercus bilobate, each lobe conical, round apically. In B. yamasakii, the apical flagellomere is 1.5 times the length of the penultimate, the epandrium is transverse with the posterior margin truncate, each lobe of the cercus is semicircular (Kitakami, 1950).Published as part of Kang, Zehui & Yang, Ding, 2014, Species of Blepharicera Macquart from China with descriptions of two new species (Diptera: Blephariceridae), pp. 421-434 in Zootaxa 3866 (3) on pages 428-430, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3866.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/22644
Choroterpes (Dilatognathus) nigella Kang & Yang 1994
No full textChoroterpes (Dilatognathus) nigella (Kang & Yang 1994) = Choroterpides nigella Kang & Yang 1994 = Dilatognathus/g(1) sp. 3: Kluge 2012 Material. THAILAND: province Mae Hong Son, river Namlang near Lot Cave, 12.I. 1998, coll. V. Ivanov: 17 larvae; province Muang Pai, river Pai, 11.I. 1998, coll. V. Ivanov: 7 larvae; SW Chiang Mai, Doi-Ithanon, river Klang, 17.I. 1998, coll. Grigorenko: 1 larva; national park Kaeng Krachan, river Pchetchabun, 26.II. 2006, coll. M. Chertoprud: 4 larvae. CHINA, HAINAN, Miao-Li, 19.XII. 1957, coll. N. Andrianova: 2 larvae (one of them with developing cuticle of next instar). Additional characteristics. Larva. Described by Kang & Yang (1994). Differs from all other species of Dilatognathus by shape of labrum, whose median incision is deep, semicircular and bordered by sharp semicircular impression on dorsal surface (Kang & Yang 1994: Fig. 3 A). Structure of maxillary apex in penultimolarva is the same as in ultimolarva: with long tusk bearing 3 vestiges of ventral pectinate setae, without ventro-apical flange and without dentiseta. Imago. Unknown. Egg. Described by Kang & Yang (1994). Dimension. Length of ultimolarva 6–10 mm. Distribution. Indochina Peninsula (Thailand), Hainan and Taiwan Islands. Discussion. Kang & Yang (1994) described Choroterpides nigella based on larvae and eggs. They did not compare Ch. nigella with Ch. minor. As characters distinguishing Ch. nigella from Ch. major, only two ones are named: (1) transversal curved row of long setae on labrum and (2) tooth-like maxillary tusk with three comb-like setae at its base. Actually, both characters are present in all Dilatognathus, including Ch. (D.) major (Ulmer 1939: Figs 262, 265).Published as part of Kluge, Nikita J., 2014, Indonesian species of Dilatognathus Kluge 2012 (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae, Choroterpes s. l.) and species-specific sexual dimorphism in development of maxilla in Zootaxa 3786 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3786.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/23153
Optimization of sensor locations for measurement of flue gas flow in industrial ducts and stacks using neural networks
No full textThis paper presents a novel application of neural network modeling in the optimization of sensor locations for the measurement of flue gas flow in industrial ducts and stacks. The proposed neural network model has been validated with an experiment based upon a case-study power plant. The results have shown that the optimized sensor location can be easily determined with this model. The industry can directly benefit from the improvement of measurement accuracy of the flue gas flow in the optimized sensor location and the reduction of manual measurement operation with Pitot tube
Elimaea (Rhaebelimaea) hunanensis Kang & Yang 1992
No full textElimaea (Rhaebelimaea) hunanensis Kang & Yang, 1992 Elimaea hunanensis Kang & Yang, 1992, Acta Zootaxonomica Sinca 17 (3): 325. Material examined: 3 females (holotype, paratype), China: Hunan Prov.: Zhangjiajie, 1985. VI. 28, Coll. Xiu Yongxin (ICAU). Distribution: China: Hunan Prov..Published as part of Liu, Chun-Xiang & Liu, Xian-Wei, 2011, Elimaea Stål (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) and its relative from China, with description of twenty-three new species, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 3020 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27867
Fan Wenzheng gong po yang yi shi lu
No full text卷一至二. 奏議 -- 卷三. 狀 -- 子 -- 卷四. 表 -- 卷五. 賦 -- 卷六至七. 詩 -- 詩餘 -- 卷八. 序 -- 記 -- 易義 -- 說 -- 論 -- 贊 -- 頌 -- 述 -- 卷九. 書 -- 啟 -- 卷十. 尺牘 -- 家書 -- 卷十一. 祭文 -- 碑銘 -- 墓誌銘 -- 卷十二. 墓誌銘 -- 墓表 -- 書碑陰 -- 附錄: 范文正公年譜序.Juan yi zhi er. Zou yi -- juan san. Zhuang -- Zi -- juan si. Biao -- juan wu. Fu -- juan liu zhi qi. Shi -- Shi yu -- juan ba. Xu -- Ji -- Yi yi -- Shuo -- Lun -- Zan -- Song -- Shu -- juan jiu. Shu -- Qi -- juan shi. Chi du -- Jia shu -- juan shi yi. Ji wen -- Bei ming -- Mu zhi ming -- juan shi er. Mu zhi ming -- Mu biao -- Shu bei yin -- fu lu: Fan Wenzheng gong nian pu xu.毛一鷺彙編.綫裝, 1函.框21.5x15公分, 9行20字, 小字雙行同. 白口, 四周單邊, 無魚尾. 版心上鐫題名, 中鐫卷次, 下鐫葉次及字數.毛序後鐫"天啟二年[1622]冬華亭縣學門人唐造國謹百拜書"見《香港中文大學圖書館古藉善本書錄》(2001, p. 223)前附: 范文正公鄱陽遺事錄 / 毛一鷺彙編.鈐有"北海狂士合清齋主人之印", "京兆禎夫", "禹山人", "隨齋", "大觀樓藏書", "蕭艾室藏"印.Xian zhuang, 1 han.Kuang 21.5 x 15 gong fen, 9 hang 20 zi, xiao zi shuang hang tong. Bai kou, si zhou dan bian, wu yu wei. Ban xin shang juan ti ming, zhong juan juan ci, xia juan ye ci ji zi shu.Mao xu hou juan "Tian qi er nian [1622] dong Huating Xian xue men ren Tang Zaoguo jin bai bai shu"Jian "Xianggang Zhong wen da xue tu shu guan gu ji shan ben shu lu" (2001, p. 223)Mao Yilu hui bian.Qian fu: Fan Wenzheng gong po yang yi shi lu / Mao Yilu hui bian.Qian you "Beihaikuangshi He qing zhai zhu ren zhi yin", "Jing zhao zhen fu", "Yu shan ren", "Sui zhai", "Da guan lou cang shu", "Xiao Ai shi cang" yin
Elimaea (Rhaebelimaea) lii Kang & Yang 1992
No full textElimaea (Rhaebelimaea) lii Kang & Yang, 1992 (Plate 7 e,f) Elimaea lii Kang & Yang, 1992, Acta Zootaxonomica Sinca 17 (3): 328. Material examined: 3 males (holotype, paratype), China: Guangxi, Longzhou, Nonggang Nature Reserve, Nonggang, 1982. V. 20, Coll. Li Fashen (ICAU). Distribution: China: Guangxi Prov..Published as part of Liu, Chun-Xiang & Liu, Xian-Wei, 2011, Elimaea Stål (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) and its relative from China, with description of twenty-three new species, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 3020 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27867
Modelling and measurement accuracy enhancement of flue gas flow using neural networks
No full textThis paper discusses the modeling of the flue gas flow in industrial ducts and stacks using artificial neural networks (ANN's). Based upon the individual velocity and other operating conditions, an ANN model has been developed for the measurement of the volume flow rate. The model has been validated by the experiment using a case-study power plant. The results have shown that the model can largely compensate for the nonrepresentativeness of a sampling location and, as a result, the measurement accuracy of the flue gas flow can be significantly improved
Elimaea (Rhaebelimaea) semicirculata Kang & Yang 1992
No full textElimaea (Rhaebelimaea) semicirculata Kang & Yang, 1992 (Plate 7g,h) Elimaea semicirculata Kang & Yang, 1992, Acta Zootaxonomica Sinca 17 (3): 328. Material examined: 2 males, 2 females (holotype and paratype), 1 female (allotype), China: Jiangxi Prov.: Dehua, Shuikou, 1974. XI. 13, Coll. Li Fashen (ICAU). Distribution: China: Jiangxi Prov..Published as part of Liu, Chun-Xiang & Liu, Xian-Wei, 2011, Elimaea Stål (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) and its relative from China, with description of twenty-three new species, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 3020 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27867
Blepharicera hainana Kang & Yang, 2014, sp.nov.
No full text<i>Blepharicera hainana</i> sp.nov. <p>(Figs. 12–15)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Wing light brown, subhyaline; wing with obviously white net-like lines; Rs straight, as long as r-m; base of halter dark brown, apex of haltere black. Epandrium semicircular, lateral and posterior margin rounded, posterior margin slightly concaved medially; cercus transverse, bilobate, each lobe elliptical; outer gonostylus forming a broad semicircular lobe medially, apical part finger-like.</p> <p> <b>Description. Male</b>. Body length 4.3 mm, wing length 4.5 mm, wing width 1.7 mm. Head uniformly dark brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Eyes with a row of several long hairs along dorsal margin; vertex with two bunches of long hairs. Compound eyes dichoptic, boundary of upper division and lower division conspicuous; upper division of eye about 1/2 as large as lower division; brick-red with pubescences; lower division black with pubescences. Ocelli large, light yellow, prominent. Antenna longer than head width; scape and pedicel short; flagellomeres 1–12 mostly subequal in length, twice longer than wide; antenna uniformly dark brown with short black hairs. Proboscis shorter than height of head, with short black hairs. Palpus five-segmented, first segment short, 2nd–4th segments long, fifth segment slender and long, as long as the total length of segments 1–4; palpus brown, with uniformly black hairs.</p> <p>Thoracic dorsum uniformly dark brown; pleuron brown; thorax without hairs. Legs brown, hairs on legs black. Wing (Fig. 13) light brown, subhyaline; wing with obviously white net-like lines, veins brown. Sc rudimentary, not ending at base of Rs; Rs straight, as long as r-m; r-m straight. Base of halter dark brown, apex of halter black, with short black hairs.</p> <p>Abdominal tergites mainly dark brown, tergites 2–6 with narrow yellow brown band basally, sternites dark brown; hairs on abdomen black. Male genitalia (Figs. 14–15): Epandrium semicircular, lateral and posterior margin rounded, posterior margin slightly concaved medially, with uniformly short hairs; hypandrium trapezoidal, posterior margin wavy, slightly concave medially, with short hairs laterally; cercus transverse, bilobate, each lobe elliptical, with dense patch of hairs apically; outer gonostylus forming a broad semicircular lobe medially, apical part finger-like, with uniformly hairs; inner gonostylus slender and curved; paramere transparent.</p> <p> <b>Female</b>. Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Type material. HOLOTYPE:</b> ♂, CHINA, Hainan, Ledong, Jianfenglingzhiwuyuan, 2007. X. 24, 800 m, Ding Yang; <b>PARATYPE:</b> 1♂, same data as holotype.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> China (Hainan).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific name refers to the type locality.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This species differs significantly from the other species on Hainan island, <i>B. macropyga</i>, in the hypandrium not forming a large keel and in the coloration of wings (light brown with obviously white net-like lines). The shape of the male genitalia of this species differs from that of other species of Chinese <i>Blepharicera</i> in the shape of the epandrium (posterior margin round) and cercus (narrow bridge separating two lobes). In other known species, both cercal lobes are near to each other (Kitakami 1937, 1950; Zwick 1990).</p>Published as part of <i>Kang, Zehui & Yang, Ding, 2014, Species of Blepharicera Macquart from China with descriptions of two new species (Diptera: Blephariceridae), pp. 421-434 in Zootaxa 3866 (3)</i> on pages 427-428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3866.3.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/226444">http://zenodo.org/record/226444</a>
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