1,721,066 research outputs found
An Image Retrieval Based Solution for Correspondence Problem in Binocular Vision
No full textAim of this paper is to propose a solution to the correspondence problem in multi-camera systems. In these systems, two or more cameras are used to record the same scene from different view points. In this way it is possible to face the problem of occlusions in crowding scenes. In this work an object level motion detection algorithm is used and it is applied to the videos sampled by two cameras. The proposed approach does not require a calibration stage and it does not introduce any constraints about the camera positions. Once that the moving objects are detected, they are characterized using image retrieval techniques. The system was tested using two cameras. Object detection and tracking are primary tasks in automatic video streaming analysis. The obtained results in terms of correct classifications rate seem to be encouraging because they highlight the ability of the system to work also in presence of crowding scene
Neural technologies for increasing the GPS position accuracy
No full textAim of this paper is to present a method to improve the accuracy of a GPS receiver. It is well known that there are many factors affecting the accuracy of a GPS receiver. In this work, the authors point out that many of these factors, considered in a given geographic area, have a certain periodicity. An important example of this kind of factors is the sky satellite position relative to receiver. The proposed method uses a neural network to correct the position computed by the receiver. The neural network is trained to learn the errors introduced into the measuring system by the cyclic phenomenon in the various hours of the day
Data fusion for user presence identification
No full textAim of this work is to present a new approach to the problem of user presence monitoring in working environments. Particularly, this work is focused on the evaluation of the presence or absence of a user in front of a terminal. This question is of paramount importance in applications requiring the user's presence e.g. video surveillance systems, control centrals, etc. The authors propose a technique of data fusion using signals from various low cost sensors
Holonic Systems as Software Paradigms for Industrial Automation and Environmental Monitoring
No full textHolon is a powerful metaphor which captures the
recursive structure of biological systems and the organization of
their decision processes arranged at various granularity abstraction
levels. From a computational intelligence perspective, a holon can
be conceived as a goal-oriented community of lower-level holons led
by more specific targets. Sub-holons co-operate on sub-problems
that represent the source problem at a lower knowledge abstraction
level. Such a (recursive) hierarchical organization constitutes the
so-called holarchy. Holonic thinking is hence particularly suited for
complex and intelligent systems modeling: in particular, its success
has been proved in the field of Intelligent Manufacturing.
Nevertheless, albeit hierarchical and granular thinking are two
fundamental prerequisites in Software Engineering, the use of
holonic thinking as software paradigm is still flawing in the
literature at the moment. In this regard, the paper introduces the
concept of ‘holonic granule’ as a novel software building-block for
modeling complex granular systems. Prospective applications of
holonic granule-based software models are then commented with
particular emphasis to industrial automation and environmental
monitoring settings
In-Memory Computing: The Emerging Computing Topic in the Post-von Neumann Era
No full textIn-memory computing is a paradigm to break the increasing gap between the processor and memory speeds by performing computation inside or near the memory. Here, we aim to stimulate the curiosity of readers toward this new, emerging area
Neural Network Based Video Surveillance System
No full textVideo surveillance systems are usually composed of a network of active video sensors that continuously capture the scenes and present them to a human operator for analysis and event detection. Unfortunately human operators are often unable to monitor the video streams coming from a large number of video sensors. In this paper a semantic event detection system based on a neural classifier is presented to screen continuous video streams and detect relevant events, specifically for video surveillance. The goal of the proposed system is to automatically collect real-time information to improve the awareness of security personnel and decision makers. Our research is focused on the use of the "known scene rarr no alarm/unknown scene rarr alarm" paradigm, where the meaning of scene is related to spatial-temporal events, instead of the classical "frame difference" paradigm. The proposed system is able to detect mobile objects in the scene and to classify their movements (as allowed or disallowed) so as to raise an alarm whenever unacceptable movements are detected. This ability is supported also for video cameras mounted on a motorized pan scanner: experiments showed that the system is able to compensate the background changes due to the camera motio
An ontology-based approach to human telepresence
No full textDetecting human presence automatically is a challenging task since several environmental parameters may affect the quality and the continuity of detection. Although many techniques have been developed so far in the literature to solve this problem, they generally rely on well-defined operational context. Hence, they are sensitive to uncontrolled variables and unpredicted events. In this work an ontology-based approach to human telepresence detection is presented. Contrarily to classic sensor-driven techniques, a top-down methodology is applied. Starting from a formal description of the problem ontology, a set of high-response rate and low-response rate sensors is employed in a computational model. As a consequence of this model, a multi-sensor equipped device has been experimentally setup to conduct measurements on real scenarios. Experiments have been devised to estimate the robustness of the detection. In particular, some preliminary evaluations related to using a minimal set of chemical sensors are reported
A Basic Ontology for Multy Agent System Communication in an Environmental Monitoring System
No full textAir quality monitoring system is characterized by a large number of information sources used by experts capable of understanding the effects of single pollutants. By using an adequate ontological approach, it is possible to define a system having the ability of doing data mining and giving information to unskilled users too. To do this, we propose in this paper a multiagent system (MAS), layered in five levels, suitable to supply answer to a query characterized by a high semantic level. This is possible using progressive interpreting/multiplying techniques of a complex query in simple queries according with well-known compilers and OS theories. We develop a multiagent system that assists users in generating a uniform description for each information source, using descriptive domain ontology. Users and agents can query the extracted data using a standard querying interface. The ultimate goal is to provide useful information to users, supporting distributed workflow management environments
Hierarchical-granularity holonic modelling
No full textFostered by continuous technological development, distributed and pervasive computer systems applications have raised great interest in the recent literature. In the field of distributed applications, during the last two decades, particular attention has been paid by scholars and practitioners to the notion of software agents. This interest has promoted the growth of sophisticated architectures based on Multi Agent Systems. Multi Agent Systems design criteria are driven by the analysis and decomposition of the given context knowledge. Minor changes, either in the problem semantics or in the granularity level description, generally affect the architectural engineering design. This limit can be overcome in the view of a holistic approach employing the notion of holon. A holon is an agent endowed with special features. Seen from the outside, a holon behaves like an intelligent agent; seen from the inside, it appears to be decomposable into other holons. This property makes it natural to model the systems at different granularity levels by exploiting this intrinsic recursive structure. Nevertheless, in the literature of holonic-based systems, the problem of dealing with semantics at different levels has been assessed predominantly at an abstract level. In this work, a holonic model called Hierarchical-Granularity Holonic Model is presented as a knowledge-based solution to a number of multi-level application contexts. Starting from the renewed literature on the topic, a theoretical model is first introduced. Then, an architectural model is derived. Eventually, a customized application for the case study of distributed air quality monitoring systems is explained
Web Agents in an Environmental Monitoring System
No full textAgents are autonomous, reactive and pro-active problem solvers. They co-operate to achieve the overall goal of a system. Numerous systems are based on mutual support and/or competition of agents, which are developed to satisfy the queries of a human user. Systems of multi-agent acquirement (agencies) extracting clear information for the user have been developed during the monitoring of air quality. An evolution of the system is necessary to expand the basis of knowledge of the agency and estimate that can perform, as well as possible, the service offered by MAS. In this paper we will illustrate a proposal, which has been planned to improve a MAS, previously developed and employed for the monitoring of air quality. The solution proposed by the authors prefigures the introduction of an agent up to provide main information about the reliability of the forecasting models in use. This resolution has been planned and implemented during the test phase, on a real system
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