1,721,088 research outputs found
Diplocynodon muelleri comb. nov., an Oligocene diplocynodontine alligatoroid from Catalonia (Ebro Basin, Lleida province, Spain)
No full textThe study of more than 100 skeletal remains of Hispanochampsa muelleri Kälin, 1936, from the Oligocene of El Talladell (Lleida Province, Catalonia, Spain), has been decisive in revealing misinterpretations about its anatomy and phylogenetic position. Hispanochampsa muelleri is shown to be a member of the clade Diplocynodontinae, and is here considered a junior synonym of Diplocynodon. This analysis provides strong evidence for this monophyletic grouping, which is made up of the species Baryphracta deponiae, Diplocynodon darwini, Diplocynodon muelleri, D. tormis, D. ratelii, and D. hantoniensis. All of these species bear ventral osteoderms with paired ossifications, and a deep posterior tip of the iliac blade, which are synapomorphies of Diplocynodontinae. However, the interrelationships of the Diplocynodontinae remain unresolved. D. muelleri shares with D. hantoniensis, D. tormis, and D. ratelii the presence of an enlarged jugal foramen, and the particular dentary occlusion in line with the maxillary tooth row. It is highly likely that the two Spanish species, Diplocynodon muelleri and Diplocynodon tormis, were close relatives
Figure 3 in The shape of the mandibular corpus in large fissiped carnivores: allometry, function and phylogeny
No full textFigure 3. Scatter plot of the first vs. the third relative warp. A polygon uniting all landmarks ordinally is superimposed on deformation grids. The orientation of grids and superimposed polygons is the same as in Figure 1.Published as part of Meloro, Carlo, Raia, Pasquale, Piras, Paolo, Barbera, Carmela, O, Paul & Higgins, 2008, The shape of the mandibular corpus in large fissiped carnivores: allometry, function and phylogeny, pp. 832-845 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 154 (4) on page 837, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00429.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544572
The shape of the mandibular corpus in large fissiped carnivores: allometry, function and phylogeny
No full textFigure 4. Box plot of Ln centroid size (A) and tan(a/2) (B) across families. Black string: median, grey box: first interquartile, bar: second interquartile. B, outlier 63 Speothos venaticus, 60 Pseudocyonopsis quercensis, circle below 60 Ictiocyon socialis.Published as part of Meloro, Carlo, Raia, Pasquale, Piras, Paolo, Barbera, Carmela, O, Paul & Higgins, 2008, The shape of the mandibular corpus in large fissiped carnivores: allometry, function and phylogeny, pp. 832-845 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 154 (4) on page 838, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00429.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544572
Lifetime competing risks between coronary heart disease mortality and other causes of death during 50 years of follow-up
No full textOBJECTIVES:To study coronary heart disease (CHD) death versus 11 other causes of death using the cumulative incidence function (CIF) and the competing risks procedures to disentangle the differential role of risk factors for different end-points.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Standard Cox and Fine-Gray models among 1712 middle-aged men were compared during 50years of follow-up. CHD death was the primary event, while deaths from 11 selected causes, mutually exclusive from the primary end-point, were considered as secondary events. Reverse solutions were also performed. We considered 10 selected risk factors.
RESULTS: CHD death risk was the second highest among 12 mostly specific causes of death. Some risk factors were specific: serum cholesterol for CHD death whereas, systolic blood pressure, cigarette smoking and age may have a differential role in other causes of death. Application of the Fine-Gray model based on CIF enabled to dissect, at least in part, the respective role that baseline covariates may have to segregate the probabilities of two types of death in contrast from each other. They also point to the absence of contributing significance for some of the selected risk factors and this calls for a parsimonious approach in predictions.
CONCLUSIONS:The relative rarity of competing risk challenges when defining the risk factors role at long-term needs now be corrected since we have clearly shown, with Fine-Gray model, at direct or reverse use, that comparing different end-points heavily influences the risk factor predictive capacity
Competing risks and lifetime coronary heart disease incidence during 50 years of follow-up
No full textOBJECTIVES: To study coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence versus other cause of death using the cumulative incidence function and the competing risks procedures to disentangle the differential role of risk factors for different end-points.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We compared standard Cox and Fine-Gray models among 1677 middle aged men of an Italian population study of cardiovascular diseases that reached 50years of follow-up with the quasi extinction of the population. The incidence of either fatal or non-fatal cases in 50years was used as primary event, while deaths from any other cause, mutually exclusive from the primary events, were considered as secondary events. We considered 10 selected risk factors.
RESULTS: The main result was that cholesterol was significantly and positively related to incidence of CHD contrasted with deaths from any other cause. On the other hand, when the primary events were deaths from any other cause and the competing events were CHD, cholesterol was inversely and age positively related. This outcome did not exclude the predictive role of other risk factors, such as age, cigarettes, arm circumference (protective), systolic blood pressure, vital capacity (protective), cholesterol, corneal arcus and diabetes, documented by the Cox model, that had common roles for both end-points.
CONCLUSIONS:Fine-Gray model, initially proposed to handle adequately cumulative incidence function may thus prevent overestimation of risks related to the Kaplan-Meier based methods such as Cox model and identify the specific risk factors for defined end-points
Studi sull’epos dei Narti. Il ruolo dell’elemento magico nella struttura fantastica del racconto.
No full textNell'articolo è preso in esame il ruolo dell'elemento magico all'interno del ciclo dei Narti. In particolare si esamina il rapporto fra la struttura fantastica dei racconti e l'elemento magico
Alani e cani alani
No full textIl lavoro prende in esame tutti gli elementi a disposizione per chiarire il rapporto fra il popolo degli Alani ed i cani noti in Italia come "cani alani"
Kossovič, Kaetan Andreevič
No full textL'articolo è dedicato alla figura dello studioso polacco Kajetan Kossowicz ed ai sui lavori nel campo dell'Orientalistica
Prefazione
No full textLa prefazione presenta il volume e le collaborazioni internazionali che si sono sviluppate attorno ad esso
Introduzione a Studi Iranici Ravennati IV
No full textL'introduzione presenta il quarto volume di Studi Iranici Ravennati e le novità editoriale che propone
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