89 research outputs found
Relation of skewness factor and convection velocity in turbulent boundary layer
No full textThe paper is devoted to prove the relation between skewness factor and convection velocity in turbulent boundary layer. It appears that skewness factor can be used as an indicator of convection velocity of coherent structures, which is not always equal to the average flow velocity. The analysis has been performed based upon velocity profiles measured with hot-wire technique in turbulent boundary layer with pressure gradient corresponding to turbomachinery conditions. The results show that the cross product term of skewness factor decomposed by spectral filtering, which is also alternative measure of amplitude modulation, describes the convection velocity in zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer
Germany's energy transformation: difficult beginnings. OSW Report, March 2013
Get PDFInitiated in May 2011, several months after the Fukushima nuclear disaster, Germany’s energy transformation (Energiewende) has been presented as an irrevocable plan, and – due to the speed of change required – it represents a new quality in Germany’s energy strategy. Its main objectives include: nuclear energy being phased out by 2022, the development of renewable energy sources (OZE), the expansion of transmission networks, the construction of new conventional power plants and an improvement in energy efficiency.The cornerstone of the strategy is the development of renewable energy. Under Germany's amended renewable energy law, the proportion of renewable energy in electricity generation is supposed to increase steadily from the current level of around 20% to approximately 38% in 2020. In 2030, renewable energy is expected to account for 50% of electricity generation. This is expected to increase to 65% in 2040 and to as much as 80% in 2050.
The impact of the Energiewende is not limited to the sphere of energy supplies. In the medium and long term, it will change not only to the way the German economy operates, but also the functioning of German society and the state. Facing difficulties with the expansion of transmission networks, the excessive cost of building wind farms, and problems with the stability of electricity supplies, especially during particularly cold winters, the federal government has so far tended to centralise power and limit the independence of the German federal states with regard to their respective energy policies, justifying this with the need for greater co-ordination. The Energiewende may also become the beginning of a "third industrial revolution", i.e. a transition to a green economy and a society based on sustainable development. This will require a new "social contract" that will redefine the relations between the state, society and the economy. Negotiating such a contract will be one of the greatest challenges for German policy in the coming years
The effect of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose on health-related quality of life in iron-deficient patients with acute heart failure: the results of the AFFIRM-AHF study
No full textAbstract Aims Patients with heart failure (HF) and iron deficiency experience poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We evaluated the impact of intravenous (IV) ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) vs. placebo on HRQoL for the AFFIRM-AHF population. Methods and results The baseline 12-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12), which was completed for 1058 (535 and 523) patients in the FCM and placebo groups, respectively, was administered prior to randomization and at Weeks 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 52. The baseline KCCQ-12 overall summary score (OSS) mean ± standard error was 38.7 ± 0.9 (FCM group) and 37.1 ± 0.8 (placebo group); corresponding values for the clinical summary score (CSS) were 40.9 ± 0.9 and 40.1 ± 0.9. At Week 2, changes in OSS and CSS were similar for FCM and placebo. From Week 4 to Week 24, patients assigned to FCM had significantly greater improvements in OSS and CSS scores vs. placebo [adjusted mean difference (95% confidence interval, CI) at Week 4: 2.9 (0.5–5.3, P = 0.018) for OSS and 2.8 (0.3–5.3, P = 0.029) for CSS; adjusted mean difference (95% CI) at Week 24: 3.0 (0.3–5.6, P = 0.028) for OSS and 2.9 (0.2–5.6, P = 0.035) for CSS]. At Week 52, the treatment effect had attenuated but remained in favour of FCM. Conclusion In iron-deficient patients with HF and left ventricular ejection fraction <50% who had stabilized after an episode of acute HF, treatment with IV FCM, compared with placebo, results in clinically meaningful beneficial effects on HRQoL as early as 4 weeks after treatment initiation, lasting up to Week 24.Abstract Aims Patients with heart failure (HF) and iron deficiency experience poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We evaluated the impact of intravenous (IV) ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) vs. placebo on HRQoL for the AFFIRM-AHF population. Methods and results The baseline 12-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12), which was completed for 1058 (535 and 523) patients in the FCM and placebo groups, respectively, was administered prior to randomization and at Weeks 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 52. The baseline KCCQ-12 overall summary score (OSS) mean ± standard error was 38.7 ± 0.9 (FCM group) and 37.1 ± 0.8 (placebo group); corresponding values for the clinical summary score (CSS) were 40.9 ± 0.9 and 40.1 ± 0.9. At Week 2, changes in OSS and CSS were similar for FCM and placebo. From Week 4 to Week 24, patients assigned to FCM had significantly greater improvements in OSS and CSS scores vs. placebo [adjusted mean difference (95% confidence interval, CI) at Week 4: 2.9 (0.5–5.3, P = 0.018) for OSS and 2.8 (0.3–5.3, P = 0.029) for CSS; adjusted mean difference (95% CI) at Week 24: 3.0 (0.3–5.6, P = 0.028) for OSS and 2.9 (0.2–5.6, P = 0.035) for CSS]. At Week 52, the treatment effect had attenuated but remained in favour of FCM. Conclusion In iron-deficient patients with HF and left ventricular ejection fraction <50% who had stabilized after an episode of acute HF, treatment with IV FCM, compared with placebo, results in clinically meaningful beneficial effects on HRQoL as early as 4 weeks after treatment initiation, lasting up to Week 24
Ferric carboxymaltose for iron deficiency at discharge after acute heart failure: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial
No full textFerric carboxymaltose for iron deficiency at discharge after acute heart failure: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial
No full textFerric carboxymaltose for iron deficiency at discharge after acute heart failure: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial
No full textPojavlenie iksodovykh kleshhejj iz roda Dermacentor v Pol'she
No full textThe author passes in review the literature of the problem and states that according to it there has been registered up to now only one centre of the Dermacentor reticulatus tick within the present boundaries of Poland (Obitz). Then he quotes results of own investigations carried out in the elk preserve Czerwone Bagno (Province of Białystok), during which he found Dermacentor pictus on animals living in natural conditions (elk- Alces alces, roe- dear Capreotus cripreolus), on domestic animals (cattle) and on vegetation. Analysing the results of his investigations the author comes to the conclusion that D. pictius is a species well spread in the Czerwone Bagno preserve. Thiking in consideration till, role of D. pictus as a carrier of many a dangerous discase of men and animals, the author emphasizes the necessity of minute field investigations in the cited area
Sensitivity method for evaluating impact of accuracy of the measurement path during ESD generator verification
No full textEstestvennyjj ochar parafasciolopsoza v belostockom voev.
No full textThe author describes the first in the present Poland's boundaries natural centre of parafasciolopsosis and on the basis of his own studies and on the data from the literature he discusses the exchange of Parafasciolopsosis fasciolaemorpha between the elk, deer and domestic ruminants
Gel'mintofauna aklimatizirovannogo v Pol'she olenja Cervus nippon L.
No full textPostmortem examination of 13 Cervus nippon L. acclimatized in Poland were conducted and in all of the examined animals he found parasitic worms. In spite of 100% of extensity of invasion, the intensity of the helminthiasis was always unvsually low (table 2). Analizing the causes which could exert influence on the low intensity of invasion, the author supposes that it is conditioned by the specificity of food ingestion by Cervus nippon L. Summarizing, the author states that the helminthofauna of the Cervus nippon L. acclimatized in Poland is characterized by:
1) the poor species composition which includes barely 12 specics,
2) the lack of occurrence of species specific to Cervus nippon L.,
3) the different species composition of which 50% (6 species) are new species to the Cervus nippon L
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