1,720,965 research outputs found
The study of factors affecting asthma among Latino children in rural and urban areas of California
Get PDFAsthma has affected children around the U.S, causing them to have an abnormal life. A qualitative meta-analysis study is "an attempt to conduct a rigorous secondary qualitative analysis of primary qualitative findings" (Timulak, 2009, p. 591). This study aims at assessing the factors influencing the prevalence of asthma among Latino children in rural and urban areas of the State of California. Moreover, this study attempts to understand the specific environmental and social factors contributing to asthma among Latino children. In addition, this study conducted secondary data by using 45 studies that have been conducted that are no older than 10years. Additionally, the research focused on studies that met significance with a p-value less than 0.05. The variables that have been focused on in this study are age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and diagnosis of asthma. The researcher found that these variables have essential roles in leading Latino children to suffer from asthma. This study was the first sort in the MPH program and has provided recommendations for future research and implications for Latino children specifically
Examining differences in influenza vaccine uptake between Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults in California
Get PDFInfluenza vaccine uptake is a preventative measure that aims to reduce the incidence of illness and prevent a possible epidemic. Although research has determined that influenza is a serious health concern, there are still barriers to influenza vaccine uptake. Ethnicity among the California population, especially Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults, plays an integral role in one of the most diverse states in the nation. There is little information available regarding influenza vaccine uptake and the factors that affect vaccine utilization, behavior, and perception. Through a secondary data analysis from the 2015-2016 California Health Interview Survey administered through the University of California, Los Angeles Center for Health Policy Research, this study examined influenza vaccine uptake between Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults living in California and the factors that might affect vaccine utilization. Gender, educational attainment, health literacy, and income level were determined to not be factors in influenza vaccine uptake between Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults in California. Statistically significant differences in vaccine uptake were found by the variables of ethnicity and English proficiency. A binary logistic regression was performed, and it was predicted that Hispanic adults were 2 times more likely to be vaccinated than non-Hispanics and those who spoke English very well or well were also twice as like to be vaccinated
Type 2 diabetes among adult Latinas living in California
Get PDFWithin the United States the rates of diabetes have increased throughout the years at a rapid rate. California has experienced large number of cases in which 3,089,000 people account for having diabetes. Throughout the years, the Hispanic population which is known as the most sizable ethnic minority have been impacted by type 2 diabetes (T2D). Respectively, this chronic condition has disproportionately affected more Hispanic/Latina women. This study analyzed the factors known to increase the risk of T2D among Latinas which addressed current gaps found in recent literature. The factors focused on analyzing the differences of T2D diagnoses among adult Latinas living in California based on income level, educational attainment, and level of acculturation. A secondary data analysis was conducted by utilizing the 2019 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). The Binary Logistic Regression and Pearson's Chi-Square Test were performed. The study concluded that statistically significant differences of T2D among Latinas were found according to income level, education attainment, and acculturation level through the Pearson's Chi-Square test. The binary logistic regression demonstrated to have a statistically significant difference based on education attainment while income and acculturation were not significant. Overall, this research contributed towards expanding research data on this chronic condition found among Latinas in California
Risk of COVID-19 death in patients with prior history of Valley Fever
Get PDFAs of October 15, 2021, a total of 4.5 million COVID-19 cases and 70,000 COVID-19 deaths had been reported in California. Although there are constant advancements and information on COVID-19, there is still uncertainty on how COVID[1]19 is associated with other infections such as Valley Fever (coccidiomycosis). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the risk of COVID-19 death in Tulare County patients with a prior history of Valley Fever. The factors used to examine the difference are Valley Fever infection, gender, race and ethnicity, and age. The study utilized secondary data from the California Reportable Disease Information Exchange (CalRedie) from 2015 to 2021. For analysis, a case-control study calculated the odds ratio, followed by a chi-square and logistic regression analysis. The results found a four-fold greater risk of COVID-19 death in COVID-19 cases with prior history of Valley Fever. In addition, there were statistically significant differences and elevated odds ratios in all covariates. This study brings awareness to two essential health issues in the Central Valley. It also encourages future research to further investigate the risk of COVID-19 in patients with prior Valley Fever infections
The study of factors affecting oral health in a sample from NHANES survey in the United States
Get PDFThe purpose of this research was to study the factors affecting oral health in the residents of the US. This study examined if there were significant differences in health of teeth and gums with respect to last visit to the dentist, intake of fluoride drops or tablets, gender and educational level. The study analyzed secondary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-18. This study examined a population of 9,254 residents aged 1-150 years. The Chi- Square Test of Independence was used to test significance among the variables of last visit to the dentist, received fluoride drops or tablets, gender and educational level. The study found no statistically significant differences in health of teeth and gums with respect to intake of fluoride drops or tablets, gender and educational level. However, the study did find a statistically significant difference in health of teeth and gums with regard to last visit to the dentist among residents of the US. The results of this study reported that individuals who have visited the dentist in 6 months or less have excellent health of teeth and gums. However, the researcher recommends that future studies should review other factors affecting oral health such as high sugar intake, diabetes, chronic diseases, and genetics
A pilot qualitative study on perceived factors associated with firearm violence amongst African American women in Southwest Fresno during the COVID-19 pandemic
Get PDFMany communities experienced an increase in firearm violence rates during the Coronavirus pandemic. This study is a pilot study for further research and the improvement of resources and outreach specified to Southwest Fresno. The purpose of this study was to understand the perceptions of gun violence during the Coronavirus pandemic amongst African American women in Southwest Fresno. According to the Educational Fund to Stop Gun Violence African American (2018) females had the highest rates of firearm homicides compared to other ethnicities but more specifically between the ages 20 and 34. This study recruited 15 African American women who reside in Southwest Fresno between the ages of 18-34. After obtaining informed consent from all participants, two virtual focus groups sessions were conducted through zoom. The discussion focused on five constructs that evaluate health behavior: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcriptions were analyzed thematically in stages of open, axial, and selective coding methods identifying the main themes of the research. Some focus group discussion questions could trigger emotional discomfort for participants. A social worker was present during the zoom session for data collection and ensured that participants had psychological support when needed. The social worker provided information on mental health services, confidential help line and other resources in an effort to reduce the risk of emotional harm generated by painful memory associated with research questions. The researcher adheres to the role of a mandated reporter and will consult with the social worker and make the appropriate reporting decisions
The effectiveness of california assembly bill 2109: personal belief exemptions for kindergarten immunizations
No full textThe numbers of vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) in the United States has declined with the development, administration, and effectiveness of vaccines during the 1970s and 1980s. As the eminent threat of VPDs to the public began to wane, parents started questioning the safety and necessity of vaccines. When parents were given the option of selecting personal belief exemption (PBE) waivers for state mandated immunizations for their incoming kindergarten children, an increase in PBEs and the number of VPD outbreaks began to occur. To counter the growing trend of PBEs, and to prevent outbreaks of VPDs in school settings and communities, California Assembly Bill2109 (AB 2109, 2012) was created to help educate parents about vaccine safety and VPDs. As of January 2014, California Assembly Bill2109 (AB 2109, 2012) mandated that parents seeking PBEs for state mandated immunizations for students entering kindergarten were required to receive education about vaccine safety and risks along with education regarding VPDs by a health care professional (AB 2109, 2012). The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of AB 21 09 by examining data from the top ten most populous counties in California. Data was collected for the 2013-2014, 2014-2015, and 2015- 2016 school years to determine if AB 2109 directly impacted the number of PBEs for incoming kindergartners. This project determined that AB 2109 was significant in decreasing the number 3 of PBEs from the 2013-2014,2014-2015, and 2015-2016 school years by -23.4% in the ten most populous counties in California. Further research beyond this project is necessary to evaluate the continued impact of AB 2109 on PBEs and in decreasing the number of VPD outbreaks throughout California
A comparison study of two universities on student sexual behavior
Get PDFSexual health in the modern age is still considered a taboo topic. However, young adults between the ages of 18-25, also referred to as the college-age population, account for about half of newly reported cases of sexually transmitted diseases. Although plenty of prevention and intervention efforts have been implemented, several college health programs fail to address environmental and social factors that promote sexual activity among college students. Through a secondary analysis from the American College Health Associations National Health Assessment III implemented at two California State University Campuses, this study assessed condom use and the number of sexual partners to determine if differences existed between each university's student bodies. A binary logistic regression determined that the living arrangements, being of Asian origin, having between 2-3 sexual partners, and the university attended were predictors for condom use. Furthermore, an ordinary least squares regression concluded that the university attended was not a predictor for the number of sexual partners, however, being a Cis Male and being a college athlete were
The association of depression and arthritis according to race and gender in a sample from the National Health Interview Survey
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine if there was an association between individuals who were diagnosed with arthritis and developed depression according to race and gender among the U.S. population. This study utilized recent 2020 survey results from the National Health Information Survey (NHIS) of adult participants who reside in the United States (U.S.). While there have been numerous studies on the correlation of arthritis and depression among binary genders (male and female) and non-Hispanic Whites, there are very limited studies on multiple genders and races. This study identified an association between arthritis and depression with arthritis sufferers being twice as likely to have depression. Gender and depression were also found to be associated in a population diagnosed with arthritis by which men were half as likely to be depressed than women. An association between depression and four of the race categories diagnosed with arthritis were found to be statistically significant. These included non-Hispanic Whites, African Americans, Asian, and American Indian and Alaska Native and any other group. This study contributed to the field of public health by presenting relevant and up-to-date research from the 2020 NHIS on the association of depression and arthritis according to race and gender. The study found, that in fact, all three independent variables were statistically significant and associated with depression. Depression serves as the leading mental illness in the U.S and arthritis is the leading cause of disability in the U.S.; therefore, it is vital to keep topics as such at the forefront of public health
NEWGATHE: A New Nursing Theory
No full textDr. Helda Pinzon-Perez is an Associate Faculty in the Department of Nursing at National University, teaching in the undergraduate BSN program and the graduate NP program. Her research interests include the health of vulnerable populations in the US and globally, as well as Holistic and integrative health. Dr. Pinzon-Perez is bilingual (Spanish-English) and has taught in various countries of South America.This project involved the dissemination of a new Nursing Theory called NEWGATHE (Nursing Empowerment for Wellness Global Advocacy Theory) developed as part of my Nurse Practitioner Master's Degree graduate project. This OER includes a PowerPoint presentation with application case studies that will allow graduate Nurse Practitioner students practice and master the contents of the course Nursing 620 (Theories in Advanced Nursing Practice.) The objectives of this OER resource are (a) to facilitate access to Nurse Practitioner students to a new Nursing theory, (b) to disseminate a new nursing theory titled "NEWGATHE" which incorporates vital elements of the role of Nurse Practitioners, such as Advocacy, global perspectives, and inclusion, and (c) to motivate Nurse Practitioner Students to view medical care in a holistic and integrative way, incorporating a global perspective.
This project will improve teaching and learning by allowing graduate Nurse Practitioner Students become familiar with a new nursing theory (NEWGATHE) that has not been published yet. It addresses content gaps related to advocacy and inclusion, as well as a global perspective in the Advanced Practice Nursing role in conflict zones afflicted by war, as well as in impoverished and disadvantaged areas
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