18,266 research outputs found
Aplysina caissara Pinheiro & Hajdu 2001
No full textAplysina caissara Pinheiro & Hajdu, 2001 (Figs. 1 A, 2, 3 A, Tab. I) Aplysina caissara, Pinheiro & Hajdu (2001: 145); Mothes et al. (2006: 76). Aplysina fistularis fulva sensu Mothes de Moraes (1987: 133). Non Aplysina fistularis (Pallas, 1766; a valid species). Aplysina fulva sensu Lerner (1996: 115). Non Aplysina fulva (Pallas, 1766; a valid species). Holotype: MNRJ 1988, rocky coast between Prainha beach and Brava beach (Costão do Navio, São Sebastião, SP, 23 º 50.067 ' S- 45 º 29.449 ' W), 6 m depth, E. Hajdu coll., 29 /I/ 1999. Paratypes: MNRJ 268, Ponta Recife, (São Sebastião, SP, 23 º 49.501 ' S - 45 º 24.796 ' W), 2 m depth, E. Hajdu coll., 22 /I/ 1996. MNRJ 578, southern side of Toque-Toque Island, (São Sebastião, SP, 23 º 51.209 ' S - 45 º 31.600 ' W), 11 m depth, E. Hajdu coll., 15 /VI/ 1997. MNRJ 1673, Ponta do Jarobá (São Sebastião, SP, 23 º 49.679 ' S - 45 º 25.278 ' W), 4.5 m depth, E. Hajdu coll., 22 /IV/ 1998. MNRJ 1989, 2013, rocky coast between Prainha beach and Brava beach (Costão do Navio, São Sebastião, SP, 23 º 50.067 ' S- 45 º 29.449 ' W), 6 m depth, E. Hajdu coll., 29 /I/ 1999. Additional material: MNRJ 5087, da Vila beach, left side, (Picinguaba, Ubatuba, SP), 2 m depth, R. N. Costa coll., 23 /X/ 2001. MNRJ 5287, (Arvoredo Island, SC), 7 m depth, E. Hajdu and C.B. Lerner coll., 19 /II/ 2002. MNRJ 5308, (Arvoredo Island, SC), 7 m depth, U.S. Pinheiro coll., 19 /II/ 2002. MNRJ 5284 (Arvoredo Island, SC), 7 m depth, E. Hajdu and C.B. Lerner coll., 19 /II/ 2002. MCN 0 383 (João da Cunha Island, Porto Belo, SC), 3 m depth, S.M. Pauls coll.. MCN 1034 (João da Cunha Island, Porto Belo, SC), 0.5 m depth, A.A. Lise coll., 22 /X/ 1977. MCN 1035 (João da Cunha Island, Porto Belo, SC), 0.5 m depth, A.A. Lise coll., 06/ XI/ 1981. MCN 2235, Saco da Mulata (Galé Island, Bombinhas, SC), 12 m depth, C.B. Lerner coll., 14 /II/ 1991. MCN 2278, small SW bay (Galé Island, Bombinhas, SC), 8 m depth, C.B. Lerner coll., 29 /III/ 1991. Diagnosis: Bright yellow live-colour and small (1-6 cm high) digits and/or fusiform processes topped by oscula. Description: Specimens can have few (3–4) or many digits (60–80), which are mostly erect. Digits can be single or anastomosed, cylindrical (fusiform or straight) or slightly volcaniform (rare), 1–6 cm high and 0.6–1.5 cm wide (Figs. 1 A, 2 A–B). Area coverage can be as large as 25 x 15 cm, but more often about 6 x 6 cm. Surface is finely conulose. Oscula are mostly apical (1.5–4 mm in diameters), but few lateral and smaller (ca. 1 mm in diameter) can occur. The colour is bright yellow in vivo, which turns into deep purple after preservation in alcohol. Consistency is soft and flexible Skeleton: Choanosome with a delicate and irregular network of spongin fibers. They have a bark with amber colour and thickness of 25–100 Μm (average 44 Μm), and black or amber pith with thickness varying between 11 and 81 Μm (average 16 Μm) (Figs. 2 C–E, Tab. I). TABLE I: Spongin fibres’ measurement data for Aplysina caissara Pinheiro & Hajdu, 2001 (in micrometers; S.D. = Standard Deviation and N = 30). Specimens Locality* Fibers Piths Distribution: Provisionally endemic from southern and southeastern Brazil (24–28 º S, Fig. 3 A). This area is known as the Paulista Biogeographic Province. Ecology: The species has a typically patchy distribution, being often very rare, but reaching considerable densities at a few spots, where specimens can be found every couple of meters. Its known depth distribution is from 0.5 to 12 m. Few specimens are found at very shallow depths (0.5–3 m) in places of somewhat restricted water flow, where temperatures may reach 28 º C. However, most are located in areas of large water circulation and intermittently exposed to the Central South Atlantic waters, with temperatures reaching a minimum around 13 º C (Pinheiro & Hajdu, 2001). Remarks: Among the Tropical South-western Atlantic Aplysina that possess digitiform processes, the species which most closely resembles A. caissara is A. fulva, known by its large morphologic variability along the Brazilian coast (cf. Pinheiro & Hajdu, 2001). However, A. caissara combines a bright yellow colour in life, the consistently small dimensions (digits 5 cm high), never possesses typically apical oscula, nor a comparably delicate reticulation of spongin fibres.Published as part of Pinheiro, Ulisses Dos S., Hajdu, Eduardo & Custódio, Márcio R., 2007, Aplysina Nardo (Porifera, Verongida, Aplysinidae) from the Brazilian coast with description of eight new species, pp. 1-51 in Zootaxa 1609 on pages 3-7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17887
Hypleurochilus brasil Pinheiro, Gasparini & Rangel, 2013, sp. n.
No full textHypleurochilus brasil sp. n. Brazil blenny (Figures 2–4, Tables 1 and 2) Hypleurochilus fissicornis (non Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): Gasparini & Floeter 2001 (misidentification). Holotype. CIUFES 1901, male, 30.85 mm SL, Ponta da Calheta, Ilha da Trindade, Espírito Santo, Brasil, 20 ° 30 ’S, 29 ° 20 ’W, depth 8 m, collected by T. Simon and R. Macieira, 19 Nov 2009. Paratypes. ZUEC 6353, female, 26.9 mm SL, Ponta da Calheta, Ilha da Trindade, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20 ° 30 ’S, 29 ° 20 ’W, depth 10 m, collected by H.T. Pinheiro, 0 3 May 2009; LNEP-UFF 300, male, 18.5 mm SL, Ponta da Calheta, Ilha da Trindade, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20 ° 30 ’S, 29 ° 20 ’W, depth 8 m, collected by H.T. Pinheiro, 10 May 2009; CIUFES 1945, male, 21.45 mm SL, Ponta da Calheta, Ilha da Trindade, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20 ° 30 ’S, 29 ° 20 ’W, depth 8 m, collected by H.T. Pinheiro, 10 May 2009; CIUFES 1925, male, 17.6 mm SL, Ponta da Calheta, Ilha da Trindade, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20 ° 30 ’S, 29 ° 20 ’W, depth 8 m, collected by H.T. Pinheiro, 10 May 2009; CIUFES 1946, male, 19.5 mm SL, Ponta da Calheta, Ilha da Trindade, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20 ° 30 ’S, 29 ° 20 ’W, depth 8 m, collected by H.T. Pinheiro, 10 May 2009; CIUFES 1938, female, 15.4 mm SL, Ponta da Calheta, Ilha da Trindade, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20 ° 30 ’S, 29 ° 20 ’W, depth 8 m, collected by H.T. Pinheiro, 10 May 2009; CAS 235154, 21.45 mm SL, Ponta da Calheta, Ilha da Trindade, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20 ° 30 ’S, 29 ° 20 ’W, depth 8 m, collected by H.T. Pinheiro, 10 May 2009; CAS 235155, 19.65 mm SL, Ponta da Calheta, Ilha da Trindade, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20 ° 30 ’S, 29 ° 20 ’W, depth 8 m, collected by H.T. Pinheiro, 10 May 2009. Comparative material. Hypleurochilus fissicornis: CIUFES 1055, 1086, MNRJ 20822; Hypleurochilus pseudoaequipinnis: CIUFES 783, MNRJ 20498, LNEP-UFF 0 87, 0 99. Diagnosis. Hypleurochilus brasil differs from its congeners by the following combination of characters: pelvic-fin rays I, 3, dorsal fin predominantly XII, 13, anal fin II, 15 or 16 (usually 16), absence of blackened stripes, nape green or white and presence of numerous tiny red spots along body, diminishing in size posteriorly (Figures 3 and 4). Description. Dorsal-fin rays XII, 13 or 14, 13 in 5 specimens and 14 in 4 specimens; anal-fin rays II, 15 or 16, 15 in 3 specimens and 16 in 6 specimens; branched caudal-fin rays 8, total segmented caudal-fin 12; pectoral-fin rays 14; pelvic-fin rays I, 3; precaudal vertebrae 11, caudal vertebrae 25. Gill opening ending at or slightly above dorsal end of the pectoral fin base. Lateral line straight and short, with 24 distinct tubes, never extending beyond the first segmented dorsal ray. One to four cirri present on anterior nasal opening and one or two on top of eyes. Body moderately elongate, without scales. Head length 3.18 (2.98–4.14) in SL, orbit diameter 4.09 (2.84–4.64) in head length, pectoral-fin length 3.74 (2.73–3.9) in SL and pelvic-fin length 6.11 (4.61–7.69) in SL (Table 2). Horizontal mouth situated low on the head; maxilla reaching posteriorly to a vertical through the centre of eye. Incisiform teeth 25 in the upper jaw and 24 or 25 in the lower jaw. Two large curved canine teeth posteriorly on each side of dentary, at end of incisiform series, and in upper and lower jaws. Cephalic sensory pores arranged in two rows inferior and posterior of eye, one row above superior lip, two rows below lower lip; two arrow-shaped rows on nape, one right posterior to eyes and one slightly anterior to dorsal fin. Colour in life. Individuals shortly after death (approx 2 h) and alive are shown in Figures 3 and 4 to illustrate the colour pattern of the new species. The body is translucent with pale brown tint in juveniles and strongly orange in adults, both with many red spots along sides of body. Adults with transverse pale and dark bars on head and posterior part of body. Nape variable in coloration, green or whitish in juveniles, black in adults. Black pupil surrounded by red iris with black stripes giving the appearance of spokes in a wheel. Snout pale yellow with whitish or bluish streaks. Operculum and pre-operculum bordered with series of white dots. Pectoral, pelvic and anal fins, and basal part of caudal fin yellow, without dots or spots. Dorsal and caudal fins hyaline. Colour in alcohol. Body pale brown, red spots in live specimens turn brown (Figure 2). Top of head dark brown. Snout with brownish streaks. Fins pale. Series of white dots on the operculum and pre-operculum disappear. Etymology. The name of the new species refers to the vivid red spots that are like incandescent pieces of a brazing. Brazil’s country name (Brasil in Portuguese), where the species is endemic, originally has a similar derivation. The name of the country was given in recognition of the reddish colour of the wood of a large Brazilian native tree (Caesalpinia echinata – “Pau-Brasil” in Portuguese), very abundant in the past. The name is treated as a noun in apposition. Distribution and habitat. Hypleurochilus brasil sp. n. is known only from the type locality (Figure 5), and is considered to be endemic to Trindade Island and the Martin Vaz Archipelago. This species was recorded from 3 to 15 m depth, it was found either solitary or in small groups (up to 10 individuals), always in small holes or associated with sea-urchins and sponges on the rocky reefs (Figure 4). Remarks: Hypleurochilus brasil is distinguished from H. langi, H. bananensis, H. springeri, H. bermudensis, H. aequipinnis and H. pseudoaequipinnis by having pelvic-fin rays I, 3 (versus I, 4). It differs from H. caudovittatus, H. fissicornis, H. germinatus and H. multifilis by dorsal fin predominantly XII, 13, anal fin II, 15 or 16 (usually 16), absence of black stripes and presence of numerous tiny red spots along body (Figures 3 and 4), diminishing in size posteriorly. Its peculiar coloration (vivid orange spots, nape green or white) is different from all congeners except H. springeri and some H. aequipinnis. A recent phylogenetic analysis shows a low level of divergence between Hypleurochilus brasil sp. n. and H. fissicornis (0.6–0.8 %; Levy et al. 2013). These two species differ in number of dorsal and anal-fin rays (Table 1). Hypleurochilus brasil was misidentified as H. fissicornis by Gasparini & Floeter (2001) and is considered as Hypleurochilus n. sp. by Levy et al. (2013).Published as part of Pinheiro, Hudson T., Gasparini, João Luiz & Rangel, Carlos A., 2013, A new species of the genus Hypleurochilus (Teleostei: Blenniidae) from Trindade Island and Martin Vaz Archipelago, Brazil, pp. 95-100 in Zootaxa 3709 (1) on pages 96-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3709.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/21847
Desmacella stylostrongyla Nascimento & Pinheiro 2022, sp. nov.
No full textDesmacella stylostrongyla sp. nov. (Figures 1A–H) Type locality. Brazil, Bahia State (Mata de São João City). Type material. Holotype — UFBA 3774, off Mata de São João City (12°26’56.3”S 37°55’31.0”W) Bahia State, Brazil, 28 m depth, coll. Andrade, Walter (II.2004). Diagnosis. Desmacella with styles, two categories of sigma and raphides. External morphology (Fig. 1A). Massive sponge, 10 x 6 cm (length x width). Hispid and worn surface, with distinct oscules (3–6 mm in diameter), compressible consistency, but fragile and easy to tear. Colour light brown (fixed in ethanol 80%). Skeleton (Fig. 1B). Ectosomal skeleton without distinct spicule brushes, although individual spicules may pierce the dermal membrane heavily charged with sigmas. Choanosomal skeleton formed by large styles arranged in a halichondroid reticulation. Abundant sigmas randomly distributed. Raphides are dispersed in the choanosome and trichodragmas were observed in the secondary bundles (Fig 1H). Spicules (Figs. 1C–G; I). Styles I (170– 353.6 –460/5– 6.7 –10 µm, length/width, average in italic): straight to slightly curved. ranging from strongyloid, acerate, rounded and mucronate tips. Styles II (270– 365 –470/ 1.2– 2.4 –3.7 µm): slender, slightly curved to slightly sinuous. Sigmas I (45– 65 –90 µm, length): larger, thin, C- or S-shaped, abundant and with smooth ends. Sigmas II (12– 18.4 –30 µm): thin, C-or S-shaped and with smooth ends. Raphides (51– 72.2 –112.2 µm, length) in trichodragmas. Distribution. Only type locality: off Mata de São João City (Bahia State, the Northeast region of Brazil). Etymology. The species name is given due to the presence of styles varying to strongyles. Remarks. Desmacella stylostrongyla sp. nov. belongs to the genus Desmacella by the possession of styles and sigmas, and a skeleton consisting of plumose bundles of styles (Ridley & Dendy 1886). It differs from Desmacella species present in the Atlantic Ocean by combining stylote megascleres (varying to strongyles), two categories of sigmas and raphides. The new species differs from D. microsigmata Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2015, D. tylovariabilis Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2015, D. annexa Schmidt, 1870, D. digitata (Lévi, 1960), D. grimaldii (Topsent, 1890), D. informis (Stephens, 1916), D. infundibuliformis (Vosmaer, 1885), D. inornata (Bowerbank, 1866), D. jania Verrill, 1907, D. meliorata Wiedenmayer, 1977, D. peachi Ferrer-Hernandez, 1914, D. pumilio Schmidt, 1870, D. suberitoides (Burton, 1932), D. topsenti (Burton, 1930), D. vagabunda Schmidt, 1870, D. vestibularis (Wilson, 1904) and D. vicina Schmidt, 1870 by the presence of styles instead of tylostyles. Additionally, D. microsigmata, D. tylovariabilis. D. digitata , D. grimaldii, D. informis, D. infundibuliformis, D. inornata , D. jania , D. meliorata , D. pumilio , D. suberitoides , D. topsenti, D. vagabunda, D. vestibularis and D. vicina don’t have raphides, which are observed in the new species. Desmacella polysigmata Van Soest, 1984 that occurs in the Caribbean Sea (Belize) is the most similar species to Desmacella stylostrongyla sp. nov., because it has stylote megascleres varying to strongyles and two categories of sigma (Van Soest 1984). However, D. polysigmata has larger and robust styles (10– 15.2 –19 µm versus 5– 6.7 –10 µm in D. stylostrongyla sp. nov.), and sigmas I and II with half of the length (30– 37.3 –42 µm and 10– 11.6 –15 µm versus 45– 65 –90 µm and 12– 18.4 –30 µm) (Cavalcanti et al. 2015: 367–368). Additionally, toxiform microxeas are absent in D. polysigmata (Van Soest 1984).Published as part of Nascimento, Elielton & Pinheiro, Ulisses, 2022, A new species of Desmacella Schmidt, 1870 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Desmacellidae) from the Northeast region of Brazil, pp. 143-146 in Zootaxa 5190 (1) on pages 143-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5190.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/712001
Ircinia sergipana Sandes & Pinheiro, 2014, sp. nov.
No full textIrcinia sergipana sp. nov. (Fig. 1 – 1; Fig. 2; Tab. 1) Type specimen. Holotype—MNRJ 17618, off Pirambu (10 º 45 ’ 36 ’’S 36 º 36 ’08’’W), Sergipe State, Brazil, 20 m depth, coll. Cosme Assis and Damião Assis, December 2002 (Fig. 1 – 1). Diagnosis. Ircinia with massive lobed form, conulose surface with projections up to 10 mm high and region between conules perforated by oscules. External morphology (Fig. 2 A–B). Massive lobed in shape, single specimen, 8 x 7.5 cm (width x height) (Fig. 2 A). Conulose surface with projections up to 10 mm high and region between conules perforated by oscules smaller than 1 mm in diameter. The conules are 1–5 mm high, 3–5 mm apart (Fig. 2 B). Consistency firm, elastic, easy to cut, and little compressible. Light beige color in ethanol. Skeleton (Fig. 2 C–D). The skeleton consists of a loose network of fasciculated spongin fibers with primary and secondary elements cored with foreign debris. Fibers are 35–82.8 – 130 µm wide and oval meshes up to 160 µm in diameter (Fig. 2 C). Collagenous filaments are 2.5–5 µm wide and occur in high density. Its expanded end is a circle of 5–7.5 µm in diameter (Fig. 2 D). Foreign spicules were also observed coring the fibers. Ecology. The specimen was found at 20 m depth. Geographical distribution. Tropical Southwestern Atlantic, Northeastern of Brazil, Sergipe State. Etymology. The species name refers to the study area, Sergipe State. Remarks. The family Irciniidae is characterized by spongin fiber skeletons supplemented with thin collagenous filaments. Ircinia is different from other genera of Irciniidae due to the presence of fascicular primary fibers, cored with foreign debris, and the absence of sand-armoured crust (Cook & Bergquist 2002 b). Even though the genus is easily recognized, the presence of a dermal dusting of foreign debris makes it difficult to differentiate Ircinia and Psammocinia Lendenfeld, 1889. However, characteristics of fascicular primary fibers are useful in separating these groups, since Ircinia species have massive fascicular fibers, whereas Psammocinia species sometimes show moderate fasciculation with simple primary fibers (Cook 2007). More difficult is the ability to consistently and clearly differentiate species of Ircinia due to uniformity of their internal morphology, habitat variability and surface characteristics. This difficulty makes ecological and morphological studies urgently needed in this genus (Bergquist 1965). Ircinia presently consists of 74 species, 13 of which occur in the Tropical Western Atlantic (Van Soest et al. 2014). Five of the species occur on the Brazilian coast: Ircinia campana (Lamarck, 1814); Ircinia felix (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864); Ircinia pauciarenaria Boury-Esnault, 1973; Ircinia ramosa (Keller, 1889) and Ircinia strobilina (Lamarck, 1816) (Muricy et al. 2011). Ircinia pauciarenaria was described by Boury-Esnault (1973) based on the presence of collagenous filaments of small thickness and small amount of foreign debris. However, when Muricy et al. (2011) proposed syntypes based on material from the Muséum National d' Histoire Naturalle (MNHN), they realized that the only two specimens identified as I. pauciarenaria were in fact not co-specific. Moreover, Moraes (2011) remarked that the species was a junior synonym of I. strobilina. We analyzed fragments of specimens and realized that the syntype MNHN 1012 actually corresponds to I. strobilina (see Muricy et al. 2011, p. 76, fig. 7 H). Thus, we designated MNHN 1022 as lectotype of I. pauciarenaria (see Muricy et al. 2011, p. 77, fig. 8 A). The new species described here belongs in Ircinia because of the presence of collagenous filaments, the absence of dermal armour and fasciculate fibers cored with foreign debris. Traditionally, only the fasciculate primary fibers of Ircinia are cored by foreign debris. However, like Ircinia sergipana sp. nov., Ircinia felix sensu van Soest (1978) has both primary and secondary fibers cored. Also, it differs from Ircinia sergipana sp. nov. due to the presence of small conules (up to 4 mm high) and the absence of projections and oscules with dark edges. Ircinia sergipana sp. nov. is set apart from its congeners in the Tropical Western Atlantic by reason of the combination of massive lobed growth form, the presence of projections up to 10 mm high and the region between conules is perforated by oscules. The only species that has conules up to 10 mm high is Ircinia strobilina. However, compared to the new species, it presents more widely spaced conules (5–15 mm) and no projections. Both species have visible oscules on the surface, but the oscules of I. strobilina are larger (4–10 mm in diameter) and always occur in groups, while the oscules of I. sergipana sp. nov. are less than 1 mm in diameter and distributed in the region between conules (Fig. 2 B; Tab. 1). Ircinia sergipana sp. nov. shares the massive lobed form with I. pauciarenaria. However, it differs from the new species in the dark brown color, the absence of projections up to 10 mm high and the absence of a region between conules perforated by oscules. Moreover, I. campana also has large conules (up to 8 mm high) as for I. sergipana sp. nov., but differs from the new species due to its cup-shaped growth form (Tab. 1).Published as part of Sandes, Joana & Pinheiro, Ulisses, 2014, Dictyoceratida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Tropical Southwestern Atlantic (Northeastern Brazil, Sergipe State) and the description of three new species, pp. 445-461 in Zootaxa 3838 (4) on pages 446-448, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3838.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/22765
Tosanoides aphrodite Pinheiro, C. Rocha
No full textTosanoides aphrodite Pinheiro, C. Rocha, & L. A. Rocha, 2018 Holotype: CIUFES 3444, 56.8 mm SL, male. Type locality: Saint Paul’s Rocks, Brazil; 00°56′ N, 29°22′ W, depth 120 meters. Illustrations: Pinheiro, C. Rocha, & L. A. Rocha, 2018, figs. 1–4. Counts: D: X, 15 or 16. A: III, 9. P: 14 or 15. C: 13 (7 + 6) branched. V: 27 (10+ 17). GR: 30 (8 + 22). LL: 32 to 35. Distribution: known only from the type locality, off Saint Paul’s Rocks, Brazil.Published as part of Anderson, William D., 2022, Additions and emendations to the annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 567-578 in Zootaxa 5195 (6) on page 575, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.6.5, http://zenodo.org/record/722395
Radiospongilla inesi Nicacio, Severi & Pinheiro, 2011, sp. nov.
No full textRadiospongilla inesi sp. nov. Nicacio & Pinheiro (Figs 1–4) Holotype. UFPEPOR 935. Recife, Parque Estadual Dois Irmãos, Riacho do Prata, Pernambuco State, Brazil, 8 ° 1 ' 9.40 "S, 34 ° 56 ' 39.93 "W, coll. Nicacio, G. 29 /X/ 2009. Type locality. Brazil, Northeast Region, Eastern North Atlantic Basin, Pernambuco. Paratypes. Recife, Parque Estadual Dois Irmãos, Riacho do Prata, Pernambuco State, Brazil, 8 ° 1 ' 9.40 "S, 34 ° 56 ' 39.93 "W. 20 /V/ 2007 coll. Severi, W. UFPEPOR 674; 11 /XII/ 2009 coll. Pinheiro, U.S. UFPEPOR 940; 16 / XII/ 2009 coll. Nicacio, G. UFPEPOR 944; 16 /XII/ 2009 coll. Nicacio G., MNRJ 14746; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 948; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 949; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 950; 06/IV/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 1091; 06/IV/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 1092; 06/IV/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 1093. Additional material. Recife, Parque Estadual Dois Irmãos, Riacho do Prata, Pernambuco State, Brazil, 8 ° 1 ' 9.40 "S, 34 ° 56 ' 39.93 "W. 23 /X/ 2009 coll. Pinheiro, U.S. UFPEPOR 932; 23 /X/ 2009 coll. Pinheiro, U.S. UFPEPOR 934; 11 /XII/ 2009 coll. Pinheiro, U.S. UFPEPOR 936; 11 /XII/ 2009 coll. Pinheiro, U.S. UFPEPOR 937; 11 /XII/ 2009 coll. Pinheiro, U.S. UFPEPOR 938; 11 /XII/ 2009 coll. Pinheiro, U.S. UFPEPOR 939; 16 /XII/ 2009 coll. Nicacio, G. UFPEPOR 942; 16 /XII/ 2009 coll. Nicacio, G. UFPEPOR 946; 16 /XII/ 2009 coll. Nicacio, G. UFPEPOR 947; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 952; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 953; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 954; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 955; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 956; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 957; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 958; 11 /I/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 959; 06/IV/ 2010 coll. Nicacio, G., UFPEPOR 1094. FIGURE 1. Map of the geographic distribution and of the type locality of Radiospongilla inesi sp. nov. from Recife, Pernambuco State (in detail), Brazil (8 ° 1 ' 9.40 "S, 34 ° 56 ' 39.93 "W) FIGURE 2. Radiospongilla inesi sp. nov. in situ from Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil (8 ° 1 ' 9.40 "S, 34 ° 56 ' 39.93 "W). FIGURE 3. Radiospongilla inesi sp. nov. from Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil (8 ° 1 ' 9.40 "S, 34 ° 56 ' 39.93 "W) Holotype UFPEPOR 935 (Coleção de Porifera da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco) SEM illustration of spicules and gemmule: a) Megasclere oxea b) Detail of the center of megasclere oxea c–d) Gemmosclere acanthostrongyle e) Gemmule f) Detail of the surface of the gemmule g) Detail of the gemmoscleres radially embedded. Other material examined. Holotype of Radiospongilla amazonensis Volkmer-Ribeiro & Maciel, 1983 (MNRJ 0088). Diagnosis. Radiospongilla with megascleres oxeas microspined at middle of the axis or rarely smooth (15 %), microscleres absent, gemmoscleres acanthostrongyles strongly spined (n= 47–55 – 68), with straight and sharply pointed spines uniformly distributed along the axis, terminal spines with curved tips toward to the middle of axis, without formation of pseudorotules. Description of holotype. UFPEPOR 935 is encrusting, about 7 cm in diameter and 2 cm thickness, with one large and conspicuous osculum. Color is yellowish in vivo and light-brown after fixed in ethanol. Surface hispid. Megascleres oxeas slightly curved, microspined at the middle of the axis or rarely smooth (240–271.68 – 312 / 9– 11.1 – 15 µm), microscleres absent, gemmoscleres acanthostrongyles (66–70.74 – 78 / 3–3.68 – 4 µm). Description. Sponge ranging from volcano-shaped, encrusting or massive, with a large conspicuous osculum and/or scattered small oscula (Fig. 2 a–c). It has a maximum thickness of 3 cm and 40 cm of diameter. Color yellowish in vivo and light-brown after fixed in ethanol. Body is soft to very fragile. Surface hispid. Anisotropic skeleton with multispicular bundles connected by abundant spongin. Megascleres oxeas (228–260 – 288 / 9–12 µm) fusiform, straight or slightly curved, microspined at the middle of axis or rarely (15 %) smooth (Fig. 3 a; Fig. 4 a–d). Microscleres absent. Gemmules abundant, yellowish, spherical, free, scattered or clustered at the base of sponge (300–338 – 384 µm). Foramen tubular single and without a collar. Gemmular theca tri-layered with gemmoscleres radially embedded. Outer layer with protruding distal apices of the gemmoscleres. Pneumatic layer well developed network of irregular spongin fibers. Inner layer of sublayered compact spongin (Fig. 3 e–g). Gemmoscleres acanthostrongyles (51–69 – 78 / 3–3.2 – 4 µm) straight, strongly spined (n= 47–55 – 68), radially embedded in gemmules (Fig. 3 c–g; Fig. 4 e–g). The spines of gemmoscleres along the axis are straight and sharp, uniformly distributed, however the terminal spines have curved tips toward the middle of axis. The spines along the axis are larger than the spines of the extremities and do not form pseudorotules. Free gemmoscleres can also be found in the symplasm, identical to those embedded in gemmules. FIGURE 4. Radiospongilla inesi sp. nov. from Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil (8 ° 1 ' 9.40 "S, 34 ° 56 ' 39.93 "W) Light microscopy illustration of megascleres and gemmoscleres: a–b) Smooth oxea megascrele (UFPEPOR 944 and UFPEPOR 1091, respectively) c–d) Spiny oxea megasclere (UFPEPOR 959) e–g) Gemmosclere acanthostrongyle (UFPEPOR 944, UFPEPOR 959 and UFPEPOR 1091, respectvely). Ecology. The specimens were collected on the concrete substrate in perennial shallow waters environments, ponds and streams, depth ranging from 5 cm to 2 m, located at Parque Estadual Dois Irmãos, an urban remnant of Atlantic Forest. The area has approximately 387.4 ha, with undulating topography and altitudes ranging from 10 to 100 m. The climate is Tropical wet and dry (As), following The Köppen Climate Classification for coastal regions of Northeastern Brazil. This region is hot and humid, with annual medium precipitation 2,460 mm and monthly average temperatures above 23 ° C (Machado et al., 1998). Within the specimens were found Chironomids associated to sponges. Etymology. The species is dedicated to Dr. Inês Ezcurra de Drago, for her great contribution to the knowledge of freshwater sponges from South America. Remarks. Radiospongilla inesi sp. nov. is allocated to Radiospongilla on the basis of its anisotropic multispicular choanosomal skeleton, gemmoscleres as acanthostrongyles radially embedded on the gemmules and the lack of microscleres. The specimens studied here exhibit morphological differences from the other South American species that justify the proposal of a new species. Compared with Radiospongilla amazonensis, which has megascleres as thicker oxeas and strongyles, this new species has only one category of megasclere which is on average also thinner than those of R. amazonensis (Table 1). The ends of oxea megascleres of R. amazonesis are slightly rounded and abruptly pointed (and hence listed as strongyles in Table 1), in contrast to those of R. inesi sp. nov. which are fusiform, sharply pointed oxeas (Fig. 3 a; Fig. 4 a–d). Moreover, R. amazonensis has gemmoscleres strongly spined at the extremities while in R. inesi sp. nov. the spines are uniformly distributed along the axis and also more abundant (Table 1). Radiospongilla crateriformis is the most similar species of Radiospongilla to the new species. Although that species possesses microspined oxea megascleres, it does not present smooth megascleres like R. inesi sp. nov. The main difference between these two species is the morphology of gemmoscleres. Radiospongilla. crateriformis displays curved spines and which are more concentrated at the extremities, giving appearance of pseudorotules, these gemmoscleres do not show a developed rotule but a group of curved hooks radiating from the apices of the shaft (Potts, 1887, Plate X, Fig.V; Bass & Volkmer-Ribeiro, 1998, Fig. 2–3). However, R. inesi sp. nov. has spined extremities curved only at the tips and the spines along the axis are uniformly distributed and in greater number, as well the middle spines are larger than the extremities spines (Fig. 3 c–e, 4 e–g).Published as part of Nicacio, Gilberto, Severi, William & Pinheiro, Ulisses, 2011, New species of Radiospongilla (Porifera: Spongillidae) from Brazilian inland waters, pp. 56-63 in Zootaxa 3132 on pages 58-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20738
Recent Results From the EU POF-PLUS Project: Multi-Gigabit Transmission Over 1 mm Core Diameter Plastic Optical Fibers
No full textRecent activity to achieve multi-gigabit transmission over 1 mm core diameter graded-index and step-index plastic optical fibers for distances up to 50 meters is reported in this paper. By employing a simple intensity-modulated direct-detection system with pulse amplitude or digital multi-tone modulation techniques, low-cost transceivers and easy to install large-core POFs, it is demonstrated that multi-gigabit transmission up to 10 Gbit/s over 1-mm core diameter POF infrastructure is feasible. The results presented in this paper were obtained in the EU FP7 POF-PLUS project, which focused on applications in different scenarios, such as in next-generation in-building residential networks and in datacom applications
Ircinia repens Sandes & Pinheiro, 2014, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Ircinia repens</i> sp. nov. <p>(Fig. 1–2; Fig. 3; Tab. 1–2)</p> <p> <i>Ircinia ramosa</i>, <i>sensu</i> Boury-Esnault 1973: 289.</p> <p> Not <i>Hircinia ramosa</i> Keller, 1889: 345; <i>Hircinia ramosa</i> de Laubenfels 1934: 24; <i>Hircinia dickinsoni</i> de Laubenfels, 1936: 18; <i>Ircinia ramosa</i>, de Laubenfels 1948: 73; de Laubenfels 1950: 12, de Laubenfels 1954: 23, Hartman 1955: 164.</p> <p> <b>Type specimens.</b> Holotype—MNRJ17619, off Pirambu (10º45’36’’S 36º36’08’’W), Sergipe State, Brazil, 20 m depth, coll. Cosme Assis and Damião Assis, July 2003. Paratypes: UFSPOR47, UFSPOR129, off Pirambu (10º45’36’’S 36º36’08’’W), Sergipe State, Brazil, 20 m depth, coll. Cosme Assis and Damião Assis, July 2003; UFPEPOR1622, off Pirambu (10º45’36’’S 36º36’08’’W), Sergipe State, Brazil, 20 m depth, coll. Cosme Assis and Damião Assis, July 2002; UFSPOR34, UFSPOR103, UFSPOR117, UFSPOR 152, off Aracaju (11º03’14.71’’S 36º54’52.36’’W), Sergipe State, Brazil, 30 m depth, leg. Petrobras, July 2002 (Fig. 1–2).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Ircinia</i> of ramose growth form, composed by repent branches and oscular projections.</p> <p> <b>External Morphology</b> (Fig. 3 A–B). Ramose shaped, composed of repent branches with pointed ends (Fig. 3 A). The largest specimen is 18 x 2 cm (length x width). Conulose surface, with conules less than 1 mm high, 0.5–2 mm apart from each other. The oscular projections are up to 10 mm high (Fig. 3 B) and irregularly distributed over the surface. The oscules have 2 mm in diameter. The consistency is compressible, elastic and easy to cut. Light to dark brown color in ethanol.</p> <p> <b>Skeleton</b> (Fig 3 C–E). The skeleton consists of a loose network of fasciculated spongin fibers, cored with foreign spicules and debris. The dermis is covered with an abundance of foreign debris. Primary fibers are125–215–287.5 µm wide and secondary fibers are 35–81–112.5 µm. The primary fibers are cored with more debris than the secondary fibers. Some secondary fibers aren’t cored (Fig. 3 C–D). Collagenous filaments are 2.5–5 µm wide and occur in high density. Its expanded end is oval, 5–6.3 µm in diameter (Fig. 3 E).</p> <p> <b>Ecology.</b> The specimens were found 20–30 m deep and some of them were observed attached to coralline algae.</p> <p> <b>Geographical distribution.</b> Tropical Southwestern Atlantic, Northeastern of Brazil, Bahia and Sergipe States (Boury-Esnault 1973 and present study).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species name refers to its repent growth.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The new species belongs in <i>Ircinia</i> due to the presence of fasciculated fibers cored with foreign debris and collagenous filaments. The presence of a dermal dusting of foreign debris is similar to <i>Psammocinia</i>. However, the massive fascicular fibers differentiate the new species from this genus, which makes <i>Ircinia</i> the best fit for the new species.</p> <p> Of all species of <i>Ircinia</i> from the Tropical Western Atlantic, <i>Ircinia repens</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is more similar to <i>Ircinia ramosa</i>, since both have ramose form (Tab. 1). This species was described by Keller (1889) and collected in the Red Sea, characterized by possessing a ramose growth form and thin collagenous filaments (2 mm thick), but its material type was unknown. De Laubenfels (1950) and Hartman (1955) reported this species to the Caribbean and Western Mexico, respectively. Their characterizations differ from the description of Keller (1889), mainly in the distance between conules, the thickness of collagenous filaments and the presence of a dermal dusting of foreign debris (Table 2). However, this latter feature is not reliable to separate these populations since the foreign debris in dermis might be a result of environmental conditions. De Laubenfels (1954) and Bergquist (1965) recorded <i>I. ramosa</i> for the Pacific Ocean and their characterizations were quite similar to the original description of Keller (1889). Bergquist (1965) noticed that <i>I. ramosa</i> from Pacific Ocean is co-specific with the Red Sea, and concluded that, due to the morphological differences and the great geographical distance between the Caribbean and these regions, the population of <i>I. ramosa</i> from Caribbean needed a new name.</p> <p> Nevertheless, Boury-Esnault (1973) identified sponges collected in Brazil (Bahia and Sergipe State) as <i>I. ramosa</i>. Analyzing images of these specimens, we realized that the new species is co-specific with <i>I. ramosa sensu</i> Boury-Esnault (1973), which differs from its congeners in the Tropical Western Atlantic in the presence of repent branches and oscular projections, whereas the population of <i>I. ramosa</i> from the Caribbean has vertical branches and absence of oscular projections (Table 1–2).</p> <p> Even though the ramose growing form is a common characteristic <i>I. ramosa</i>, <i>I. dickinsoni</i> (de Laubenfels, 1936) and <i>I. felix</i>, <i>I. repens</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> differs from them because of the presence of repent branches and oscular projections. Additionally, compared to the new species, <i>I. dickinsoni</i> has higher and more widely spaced conules (1–2 mm high and 2–3 mm apart), no visible oscules and a spongy consistency, whereas <i>I. felix</i> has larger oscules (3–6 mm in diameter) scattered over the surface, and higher and more widely spaced conules (0.5–4 mm high and 1–6 mm apart).</p>Published as part of <i>Sandes, Joana & Pinheiro, Ulisses, 2014, Dictyoceratida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Tropical Southwestern Atlantic (Northeastern Brazil, Sergipe State) and the description of three new species, pp. 445-461 in Zootaxa 3838 (4)</i> on pages 448-453, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3838.4.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/227652">http://zenodo.org/record/227652</a>
Combination of vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes
No full textType 1 diabetes (T1D) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) represent the most common types of autoimmune diabetes and are characterized by different age of onset, degrees of immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells and rates of disease progression towards insulin dependence. Several immunotherapies aimed to counteract autoimmune responses against beta cells and preserve beta-cell function are currently being investigated, particularly in T1D. Preliminary findings suggest a potential role of combination therapy with vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) in preserving beta-cell function in autoimmune diabetes. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the immunomodulatory properties of vitamin D and DPP-4 inhibitors, as well as the rationale for investigation of their combined use as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes
Priorhyncha feitosai Alencar & Pinheiro & Saraiva & Oliveira & Santana 2018, n. gen.
No full textPriorhyncha feitosai n. gen. n. sp. (Figure 3 A–E) Holotype: MPSC 2 489. Diagnosis: Same as for the genus. Occurrence: The sole specimen was collected in the town of Trindade, Pernambuco State; Romualdo Formation, Santana Group of the Araripe Sedimentary basin, age Early Cretaceous (Aptian/Albian). Description: Fossil in lateral view. Total length from tip of rostrum to posterior margin of telson 13.5 mm, carapace length including rostrum 5.2 mm. Carapace laterally compressed, ventral margin smooth; dorsal margin of carapace almost straight, posterior margin rounded ventrally, margins without spines; antennal spine present, other spines not discernible. Cervical groove of carapace well-marked, otherwise smooth. Rostrum short, robust, slightly longer then eye, dentate, with 10 short spines dorsally, ventral margin smooth; rostrum slightly arched downward. Eyestalk short, eye preserved almost reaching tip of rostrum. Antennal protopodite preserved, scaphocerite faintly preserved, apparently longer than eye; antennular peduncle preserved, longer than scaphocerite. Third maxillipeds not preserved. Pereiopods scarcely preserved, with few delicate meri discernible. Pleon with six somites, all apparently without ornamentation, pleura well developed, ventrally rounded on first to fifth somites; first to third and fifth somites of about same size, fourth slightly longer, sixth somite strong, 1.5 times as long as second. Telson only preserved proximally, missing distal end. Pleopods of first to third somites poorly preserved, other pleopods and uropods not preserved. Etymology: The specific epithet is an homage to the priest Neri Feitosa, who was one of the first to study and collect fossils in the Araripe Basin a long time ago. Remarks: The shape of the rostrum, with 10 dorsal spines, and the marked cervical groove can easily separate Priorhyncha feitosai n. gen. n. sp. from the other fossil species known to occur in the Araripe Sedimentary basin (i.e., Beurlenia araripensis Martins-Neto & Mezzalira, 1991; Kellnerius jamacaruensis Santana, Pinheiro, Silva & Saraiva, 2013; Paleomattea deliciosa Maisey & Carvalho, 1995; and Sume marcosi Saraiva, Pinheiro & Santana, 2018). Also, when compared to Araripenaeus timidus Pinheiro, Saraiva & Santana, 2014, of which a full carapace is unknown, Priorhyncha feitosai n. gen n. sp. has a smooth sixth pleonal somite (with a distinct sinuous carina in A. timidus). The presence of several shrimp species in the Romualdo Formation reinforces the marine characteristics of the environment and may be indicative of mortality events associated with strong marine incursions, such as tsunamis, that brought this species to the paleolagoon Araripe, and initiating the fossilization process.Published as part of Alencar, Damares Ribeiro, Pinheiro, Allysson Pontes, Saraiva, Antônio Álamo Feitosa, Oliveira, Gustavo Ribeiro De & Santana, William, 2018, A new genus and species of Solenoceridae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Dendrobranchiata) from the Cretaceous (Aptian / Albian) of the Araripe Sedimentary Basin, Brazil, pp. 494-500 in Zootaxa 4527 (4) on pages 496-498, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4527.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/261241
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