1,721,064 research outputs found
"Corporate social responsibility: A theory of the firm perspective" - A few comments and some suggested extensions [2]
No full textTerritorial planning and tourism development tax
No full textAn economic model of land taxation involving a local government and a private developer constitutes the theoretical framework in this research. The model hinges around a two-tier approach including both a conservation and an efficiency criterion. The analysis indicates that sustainable tourism calls for the use of land taxation and planning legislation simultaneously geared to the achievement of efficiency and the signaling of the government's commitment to conservation policies. To provide support for the theoretical conclusions, an Italian case study is discussed, showing how the local government chose not to yield to a developer's requests by not changing a norm prohibiting construction near of the coastline. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
A dynamic model of advertising and product differentiation
No full textThis paper analyses a differential game of duopolistic rivalry through time where firms can use advertising and price as competitive tools. Two cases are considered whereby: (1) advertising has the main effect of increasing market size and firms differ in production efficiency; (2) advertising has both predatory and cooperative effects in a symmetric market. The former shows that market share and advertising shares are positively correlated and that market size increases with the difference in firms' relative efficiency. The latter highlights the differences in the feedback and open-loop strategies. It is shown that firms' advertising are strategic complements and that profits are higher in the feedback equilibrium because firms advertise more. The applicability of the model in markets where franchise contracts and dealership agreements operate is also discussed
Technological spillovers and productivity in Italian manufacturing firms
No full textWe study whether a firm's total factor productivity dynamics is positively influenced by its own R&D activity and by the technological spillovers generated at the intra- and inter-sectorial level. Our approach corrects simultaneously for the endogeneity and the selectivity biases introduced by the use of a firm's own R&D as a regressor. The evidence suggests that a firm's involvement in R&D activities accounts for significant productivity gains. Firms also benefit from spillovers originating from their own industries, as well as from innovative upstream sectors. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Competition in a duopoly with sticky price and advertising
No full textThis paper develops a differential duopolistic game where price is sticky and firms can invest in market-enlarging promotional activities which have a public good nature. One finding indicates that advertising, and not output as in Fershtman and Kamien (Econometrica 55 (1987) 1151-1164) is responsible for the higher stationary price found in the open loop equilibrium relative to the linear feedback one. That is, free-riding is more intense when firms play linear Markov feedback strategies. However, the collusive outcome can be approximated, and opportunism eliminated, if firms can engage in preplay negotiations where they select a nonlinear Markov perfect strategy for output and advertising. Achieving the collusive outcome requires (as in the Folk Theorem for infinitely repeated games) the discount rate to be sufficiently small
Identifying and measuring the impact of cultural events on hotels’ performance
No full textPurpose: Focusing on two beer festivals held in Nottingham, England, this study aims to evaluate their indirect impact on the performance of city hotels. This study builds on theoretical insights from the revenue management literature to shed empirical light on the potentially beneficial effects of events on the hotels’ performance. This study investigates the impact of the differential support offered by the destination management organisation (DMO) over two years. Design/methodology/approach: Using online prices posted in advance of the events on an online travel agent, the authors assess hotel performance for each day of the events relative to the same day of the week in a week with no event. A similar comparison is made to assess the impact across two different years. In both cases, an ordinary least squares methodology was used. Findings: Both events appear not to have had a strong impact on hotel prices and occupancy in 2016, i.e. when the DMO’s promotional effort was more proactive. Instead, in 2017, one event registered higher hotel prices and occupancy both relative to the year before and to the “business as usual” week. Practical implications: The study identifies the existence of an indirect positive economic impact of the events on the hospitality sector. Originality/value: The investigation adopts a more naturalistic experimental design to collect the data, which allows the authors to control for both the impact on prices and occupancy at the level of the single hotel. The evidence is therefore micro-founded. Moreover, results shed light on the role played by the DMO
Low-cost airlines and online price dispersion
No full textThis paper presents a new form of online pricing tactic where airlines post, at the same time and for the same flight, fares in different currencies that violate the Law of One Price. Unexpectedly for an online market, price dispersion may be accompanied by a hidden discount that tends to persist in the period preceding a flight's departure. The econometric analysis reveals that airlines post dispersive fares in less competitive routes with more heterogeneous demand. Furthermore, temporal persistence of intra-firm fare dispersion suggests that it is an equilibrium phenomenon engendered by the airlines' need to manage stochastic demand conditions for a specific flight. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Are all online hotel prices created dynamic? An empirical assessment
No full textUnderstanding how tourist firms set their online prices is important given their growing reliance on Online Travel Agencies (OTA). The article investigates whether the narrative of a pervasive presence of dynamic pricing provides a realistic description of hotels’ online pricing behavior and thus challenges the view that dynamic pricing should be considered the prevailing norm for the industry. The evidence suggests a heterogeneous attitude across hotels, with uniform pricing being more widespread in most hotels of our sample, namely, the 3-star or less, while dynamic pricing is more likely applied in higher quality hotels
Localized Competition, Heterogeneous Firms and Vertical Relations
No full textThis paper investigates the link between firms' geographic configuration and market power in imperfect markets. We consider two related setups. The first illustrates the relevant characteristics of the pricing equilibrium. A main implication is that the equilibrium price vector changes in accordance with the firms' spatial configuration. The second, where firms operate as downstream retailers affiliated to rival upstream wholesalers, shows that upstream market power is strongly affected by an index of geographic concentration which reflects the spatial configuration of retailers. Finally, our analysis provides several insights for market delineation as well as merger evaluation and remedies. © 2012 The Authors. The Journal of Industrial Economics © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the Editorial Board of The Journal of Industrial Economics
On cost restrictions in spatial competition models with heterogeneous firms
No full textThis paper investigates the properties of two types of cost restrictions that guarantee the existence of an equilibrium in pure strategies in Bayesian spatial competition models with heterogeneous firms
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