1,854 research outputs found
Review: Higher Education and social class: issues of exclusion and inclusion by L. Archer, M. Hutchings and A. Ross, with C. Leathwood, R. Gilchrist and D. Phillips
No full textBooks reviewed in this article:. L. Archer, M. Hutchings and A. Ross, with C. Leathwood, R. Gilchrist and D. Phillips, Higher Education and Social Class: Issues of Exclusion and Inclusion. John Brennan and Tarla Shah, Managing Quality in Higher Education: An International Perspective on Institutional Assessment and Change. R. Taylor, J. Barr and T. Steele, For a Radical Higher Education: After Postmodernism
Repositioning the graphic designer as researcher
No full textIn academic terms, the discipline of graphic design is relatively young. Consequently the position of the discipline within academic territory, and the role of the designer, continue to be debated. In part, these debates have been a product of attempts to define and defend the discipline’s borders from within, in order to establish a sense of the role of graphic design and the graphic designer as commensurate with other disciplines both within and beyond art and design. In recent years graphic designers have variously been defined as ‘authors’, ‘producers’ and ‘readers’, yet none of these definitions seem to have provided any kind of productive or lasting impact within the academy. This paper suggests that rather than continue to seek territorial definitions and positions from within, it could be more productive to look beyond the confines of the discipline. Gaining a broader, interdisciplinary perspective on, and understanding of, qualitative research methods from other disciplines may enable the graphic designer to more fully position his or her practice within the wider academy. Such a perspective could help facilitate the repositioning and redefinition of the graphic designer as ‘researcher’ - a move that would be productive in relation to the future development of postgraduate research within the discipline
Interview with Alison Frank, September 25, 2009
No full textInterview Themes: How Frank chooses research topics (00:50)
Aspects of her training as a historian Frank found useful (07:00)
Books that have inspired and informed Frank's work (11:11)
On the role of area studies for scholarship on East-Central Europe (14:00)
"Internationalizing" the history of East-Central Europe (19:30)
Advice to young historians/scholars working on the region (22:11)Interview with Alison Frank, John L. Loeb Associate Professor of the Social Sciences at Harvard University. Interview conducted in Ithaca, NY on September 25, 2009. Professor Frank is the author of a number of articles and an excellent book on the oil industry in the Habsburg Monarchy entitled Oil Empire: Visions of Prosperity in Austrian Galicia. She is now working on a project on the coastline of Austria-Hungary.1_9lz5ekh
Empirical Evaluation of Veterans’ Perceived Nonconcordance With Providers Regarding Medically Unexplained Symptoms
No full textMedically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are common among veterans and are difficult to treat. Optimal treatment entails continued care from providers, yet this care may be influenced negatively by nonconcordance between veterans’ and providers’ views of MUS. We surveyed 243 veterans with MUS and evaluated the degree of nonconcordance perceived by veterans and their primary care providers regarding their MUS, as well as the effect of perceived nonconcordance on treatment behaviors and outcomes. Approximately 20% of veterans in our sample perceived nonconcordance with their provider regarding their MUS. In turn, perceived nonconcordance predicted important outcomes of interest, particularly veterans’ satisfaction with their provider. Perceived concordance with primary care doctors may be required for sufficient adherence to MUS treatment recommendations, such as seeking and maintaining psychological counseling. We discuss future research directions for counseling psychologists.This article is published as Phillips, L. Alison, and Lisa M. McAndrew. "Empirical evaluation of veterans’ perceived nonconcordance with providers regarding medically unexplained symptoms." The Counseling Psychologist 47, no. 5 (2019): 770-795. DOI: 10.1177/0011000019890317.</p
Concordance of illness perceptions: The key to improving care of medically unexplained symptoms
No full textHow can effective patient-provider relationships be developed when the underlying cause of the health condition is not well understood and becomes a point of controversy between patient and provider? This problem underlies the difficulty in treating medically unexplained symptoms and syndromes (MUS; e.g., fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome), which primary care providers consider to be among the most difficult conditions to treat. This difficulty extends to the patient- provider relationship which is characterized by discord over MUS. In this article, we argue that the key to improving the patient provider relationship is for the patient and provider to develop congruent illness perceptions about MUS.This editorial is published as McAndrew, Lisa M., Myrna L. Friedlander, L. Alison Phillips, Susan L. Santos, and Drew A. Helmer. "Concordance of illness perceptions: The key to improving care of medically unexplained symptoms." 111 (2018): 140-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.05.015.</p
Evaluating challenges for improving medically unexplained symptoms in US military veterans via provider communication
No full textObjectives: Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are common, with particularly high rates observed in military veterans. Effective patient-provider-communication is thought to be a key aspect of care; however there have been few empirical studies on the association between communication and outcomes for patients with MUS. We evaluate whether discussing veterans’ MUS-illness representations and good interpersonal skills have the potential to promote MUS-treatment adherence and improvement.
Methods: Veterans experiencing MUS (n = 204) reported on their primary care providers’ communication about illness representations and interpersonal skills; correlation, regression, and bootstrap-mediation analyses were conducted to test hypotheses regarding veteran-reported outcomes. Main outcomes included satisfaction with the provider, MUS-treatment adherence, intentions to adhere, and expectations for MUS improvement.
Results: Veterans reported infrequent discussion of MUS illness representations but high degrees of provider interpersonal skills. Communication regarding patients’ illness representations and treatment expectations was significantly related to treatment adherence and adherence intentions; provider interpersonal skills were not. Both were related to veteran satisfaction.
Conclusions and practice implications: Providers’ interpersonal skills may be important in chronic illness contexts, such as MUS, by contributing to satisfaction with the provider. The current study suggests that providers may better promote MUS-treatment adherence through discussing MUS illness representations and treatment expectations.This article is published as Phillips, L. Alison, Lisa McAndrew, Benjamin Laman-Maharg, and Katharine Bloeser. "Evaluating challenges for improving medically unexplained symptoms in US military veterans via provider communication." Patient Education and Counseling 100, no. 8 (2017): 1580-1587. DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2017.03.011. </p
Review of Alison L. LaCroix Ideological Origins of American Federalism
No full textAlison L. LaCroix is Assistant Professor of Law at the University of Chicago Law School, where she specializes in legal history, federalism, constitutional law and questions of jurisdiction. She has written a fine, scholarly volume on the intellectual origins of American federalism. LaCroix holds the JD degree (Yale, 1999) and a Ph.D. in history (Harvard, 2007). According to the author, to fully understand the origins of American federalism, we must look beyond the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and range over the colonial, revolutionary, and founding periods including developments in the early republic. LaCroix questions both the idea that American federalism originated, all at once, at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and the idea that republican ideology (with its strong emphasis on legislative power) was the single dominant framework of eighteenth-century American political thought. Versions and elements of federalist or con-federative ideas were also long present and in a process of development
Review of Alison L. LaCroix Ideological Origins of American Federalism
No full textAlison L. LaCroix is Assistant Professor of Law at the University of Chicago Law School, where she specializes in legal history, federalism, constitutional law and questions of jurisdiction. She has written a fine, scholarly volume on the intellectual origins of American federalism. LaCroix holds the JD degree (Yale, 1999) and a Ph.D. in history (Harvard, 2007). According to the author, to fully understand the origins of American federalism, we must look beyond the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and range over the colonial, revolutionary, and founding periods including developments in the early republic. LaCroix questions both the idea that American federalism originated, all at once, at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and the idea that republican ideology (with its strong emphasis on legislative power) was the single dominant framework of eighteenth-century American political thought. Versions and elements of federalist or con-federative ideas were also long present and in a process of development
Individual Differences in Diurnal Preference and Time-of-Exercise Interact to Predict Exercise Frequency
No full textBackground: Diurnal preference (and chronotype more generally) has been implicated in exercise behavior, but this relation has not been examined using objective exercise measurements nor have potential psychosocial mediators been examined. Furthermore, time-of-day often moderates diurnal preference's influence on outcomes, and it is unknown whether time-of-exercise may influence the relation between chronotype and exercise frequency.
Purpose: The current study examined whether individual differences in diurnal preference (“morningness-eveningness”) predict unique variance in exercise frequency and if commonly studied psychosocial variables mediate this relation (i.e., behavioral intentions, internal exercise control, external exercise control, and conscientiousness). Moreover, the study sought to test whether individuals’ typical time-of-exercise moderated the impact of diurnal preference on exercise frequency.
Methods: One hundred twelve healthy adults (mean age = 25.4; SD = 11.6 years) completed baseline demographics and then wore Fitbit Zips® for 4 weeks to objectively measure exercise frequency and typical time-of-exercise. At the end of the study, participants also self-reported recent exercise.
Results: Diurnal preference predicted both self-reported exercise and Fitbit-recorded exercise frequency. When evaluating mediators, only conscientiousness emerged as a partial mediator of the relation between diurnal preference and self-reported exercise. In addition, time-of-exercise moderated diurnal preference's relation to both self-reported exercise and Fitbit-recorded exercise frequency such that diurnal preference predicted higher exercise frequency when exercise occurred at a time that was congruent with one's diurnal preference.
Conclusion: Based on these findings, diurnal preference is valuable, above and beyond other psychological constructs, in predicting exercise frequency and represents an important variable to incorporate into interventions seeking to increase exercise.This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Annals of Behavioral Medicine following peer review. The version of record: Hisler, Garrett C., L. Alison Phillips, and Zlatan Krizan. "Individual differences in diurnal preference and time-of-exercise interact to predict exercise frequency." Annals of Behavioral Medicine 51, no. 3 (2017): 391-401 is available online at DOI: 10.1007/s12160-016-9862-0. Posted with permission.</p
Contrasting constructs or continuum? Examining the dimensionality of body appreciation and body dissatisfaction
No full textIndividuals experiencing body dissatisfaction have poorer health outcomes in part due to engaging in less physical activity. Body appreciation is protective of health behaviors and proposed to be conceptually different from body dissatisfaction. Two studies evaluated whether body appreciation and dissatisfaction represented two distinct dimensions, and whether body appreciation and dissatisfaction would interact in their effect on activity-related motivation and behavior. Study 1 (n = 313) was prospective and utilized a self-report measure of physical activity whereas Study 2 (n = 123) was prospective and used an objective measure. All hypotheses and analyses were pre-registered. A multiverse approach was taken to demonstrate the robustness of results. In exploratory factor analyses, body appreciation and dissatisfaction did not represent two distinct dimensions of body image as both loaded onto the same factor. This result was largely supported by latent profile analyses, which revealed that participants scored high, moderate, or low on both body satisfaction and appreciation. Additionally, body appreciation did not buffer the negative impact of body dissatisfaction on activity-related motivation and behavior. This study provides the first statistical evaluation of the theoretical proposition that body appreciation and dissatisfaction may be distinct constructs with distinct relationships to outcomes.This article is published as Kimberly R. More, Nicole L. Hayes & L. Alison Phillips (2022): Contrasting constructs or continuum? Examining the dimensionality of body appreciation and body dissatisfaction, Psychology & Health, DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2055025. © 2022 Informa UK limited, trading as taylor & Francis group Department of Psychology, University of Dundee, this is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution-Noncommercial-NoDerivatives license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way
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