12 research outputs found
«It’s good because it’s awful». Joachim Lottmann o cómo el camp formula su denuncia
No full textLa idea de lo camp, desarrollada por la filósofa norteamericana Susan Sontag en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, ha sido tradicionalmente asociada al ámbito de lo queer, la estética kitsch o lo extravagante. Sin embargo, el autor alemán Joachim Lottmann hace servir este gusto por la afectación y la exageración para construir una cruda denuncia ligada a la actualidad gracias a la aplicación de las diferentes premisas que recogió la autora estadounidense en su ensayo Notes on Camp: glorificación del personaje, ironía, ingenuidad, la capacidad de provocar atracción y repulsión al mismo tiempo, así como desarrollar un discurso capaz de ser serio frente a lo frívolo o atacar la seriedad desde la frivolidad. La combinación de estos rasgos consigue hacer de la narrativa de Lottmann una completa y compleja denuncia de la sociedad actual, convirtiendo a las novelas Der Geldkomplex (2009) y Endlich Kokain (2014) en sus dos máximos exponentes: la creciente aporofobia en la Alemania del siglo XXI, la capitalización del mundo del arte y el dictado de las apariencias suponen los temas transversales de dos novelas en las que el camp despliega sus medios para conseguir enarbolar una denuncia plausible y comprometida con su contexto.The idea of camp, developed by the American philosopher Susan Sontag in the second half of the 20th century, has traditionally been associated with queer, kitsch or extravagant aesthetics. However, the German author Joachim Lottmann makes use of this taste for affectation and exaggeration to construct a crude denunciation linked to current affairs thanks to the application of the different premises that the American author gathered in her essay Notes on Camp: glorification of the character, irony, naivety, the capacity to provoke attraction and repulsion at the same time, as well as developing a discourse capable of being serious in the face of the frivolous or attacking seriousness from frivolity. The combination of these traits manages to make Lottmann’s narrative a complete and complex denunciation of current society, making the novels Der Geldkomplex (2009) and Endlich Kokain (2014) his two greatest exponents: the growing aporophobia in 21st century Germany, the capitalisation of the art world and the dictates of appearances are the cross-cutting themes of two novels in which the camp deploys its means to achieve a plausible denunciation that is committed to its context
"Ist dort... ha, ha, ha, der... der 'Erfinder der deutschen Popliteratur?'" Continuidad y evolución de la Neue Deutsche Popliteratur en la obra de Joachim Lottmann
No full textThe Neue Deutsche Popliteratur has been associated with the Spaßgesellschaft since its beginnings. The consumerism, the unbridled pace and the constant pursuit of pleasure and fun in the texts developed by the Popliteraten reflected an era in which the ultimate goal of society was individual pleasure and fun, far removed from the pursuit of collective well-being.
However, the terrible attacks of 11 September 2001 in New York marked the end of the Spaßgesellschaft and, in the eyes of the specialist critics of the time, also the end of a literature closely linked to the context in which it emerged.
This thesis analyzes the continuity and evolution of the Neue Deutsche Popliteratur once the Spaßgesellschaft has been overcome through the work of the German author Joachim Lottmann, specifically in his novels Der Geldkomplex (2009) and Endlich Kokain (2014). For this purpose, the evolution of the identifying features of the Neue Deutsche Popliteratur from its beginnings to the present day has been observed and an assessment of the author Joachim Lottmann as Popliterat and portraitist of German society in the 20th and 21st century is carried out. In addition, a global analysis of the poetological positioning of the author is carried out, considering his work as a portrait of the German society of the XX and XXI centuries, in which converge features of the New Journalism, Gonzo journalism and its adaptation to the literary genre and the genre of autofiction, besides exposing the German reality with a baroque style typical of the Camp sensibility, maintaining the character of the traditional dandies.
The thesis concludes with an evaluation of the contribution that the author Joachim Lottmann has made and is making to the Neue Deutsche Popliteratur from a thematic and hermeneutic point of view, contributing an important advance in the study of the work of the German author and favoring the study of the Neue Deutsche Popliteratur in the 21st century.La Neue Deutsche Popliteratur ha estado asociada desde sus inicios a la Spaßgesellschaft. El consumismo, el ritmo desenfrenado y la constante búsqueda del placer y la diversión que recogían los textos desarrollados por los Popliteraten eran reflejo de una época en la que el fin último de la sociedad era el placer y la diversión individual, alejándose de la búsqueda del bienestar colectivo.
Sin embargo, los terribles atentados cometidos el 11 de septiembre de 2001 en Nueva York supusieron el fin de la Spaßgesellschaft y, a ojos de la crítica especializada del momento, también el fin de una literatura estrechamente vinculada al contexto en que surgió.
Esta tesis analiza la continuidad y evolución de la Neue Deutsche Popliteratur una vez superada la Spaßgesellschaft a través de la obra del autor alemán Joachim Lottmann, específicamente en sus novelas Der Geldkomplex (2009) y Endlich Kokain (2014). Para ello se ha observado la evolución de los rasgos identificativos de la Neue Deutsche Popliteratur desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad y se realiza una valoración del autor Joachim Lottmann como Popliterat y retratista de la sociedad alemana de los siglo XX y XXI. Además, se lleva a cabo un análisis global del posicionamiento poetológico del autor, considerando su obra como un retrato de la sociedad alemana de los siglos XX y XXI, en la que confluyen rasgos propios del New Journalism, periodismo Gonzo y su adaptación al género literario y del género de la autoficción, además de exponer la realidad alemana con un barroquismo propio de la sensibilidad Camp, manteniendo el carácter propio de los dandis tradicionales
Evaluation of a shuttle DNP spectrometer by calculating the coupling and global enhancement factors of l-tryptophan.
No full textA liquid state shuttle dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) spectrometer is presented, featuring several technical modifications that increase stability and improve reproducibility. For the protons of l-tryptophan, the signal enhancement and the DNP spin properties, such as relaxation, were measured and compared with each other. The calculated coupling factors suggest that the proton accessibility for the polarizer molecule has an important influence on the DNP enhancement. In general, short proton spin longitudinal relaxation times without radical reduce the detectable enhancement by decreasing the leakage factor and increasing the relaxation losses during the course of the sample transfer. The usage of a global enhancement factor gives a more complete overview of the capabilities for the described experimental setup. Global enhancements of up to −4.2 for l-tryptophan protons are found compared to pure Boltzmann enhancements of up to −2.4
Nanodiscs for INPHARMA NMR Characterization of GPCRs: Ligand Binding to the Human A2A Adenosine Receptor.
No full textG-protein-coupled-receptors (GPCRs) are of fundamental importance for signal transduction through cell membranes. This makes them important drug targets, but structure-based drug design (SBDD) is still hampered by the limitations for structure determination of unmodified GPCRs. We show that the interligand NOEs for pharmacophore mapping (INPHARMA) method can provide valuable information on ligand poses inside the binding site of the unmodified human A2A adenosine receptor reconstituted in nanodiscs. By comparing experimental INPHARMA spectra with back-calculated spectra based on ligand poses obtained from molecular dynamics simulations, a complex structure for A2A R with the low-affinity ligand 3-pyrrolidin-1-ylquinoxalin-2-amine was determined based on the X-ray structure of ligand ZM-241,358 in complex with a modified A2A R
Sensitivity Enhanced NMR
No full textDas Thema dieser Arbeit ist die Sensitivitätserhöhung der Kernspinmagnetresonanzspektroskopie (NMR-Spektroskopie) für die Anwendung an biologischen Systemen durch dynamische Kernspinpolarisation (DNP). Dementsprechend wurden die experimentellen Bedingungen möglichst ähnlich zu einer physiologischen Umgebung in Lösung gewählt. Unter diesen Voraussetzungen ist der Overhauser-Effekt der zentrale Mechanismus für DNP. Dieser ist von der relativen Diffusion zwischen den Kernspins des Zielmoleküls und dem polarisierenden Molekül, welchesein ungepaartes Elektron aufweist, abhängig. Als experimenteller Ansatz für diese Arbeit wurde ein Shuttle-DNP-Spektrometer mit Proben im flüssigen Zustand ausgewählt. Hierbei wurden die Kernspins bei einem Magnetfeld von 0,34 T polarisiert und für eine hoch auflösende NMR-Detektion in ein Magnetfeld von 14,09 T transferiert. Mehrere technische Anpassungen, welche zu einer Erhöhung der Stabilität und Reproduzierbarkeit der Messungen führten, wurden sukzessiv implementiert. Für die Signale der Protonen von L-Tryptophan wurde im Hochfeld eine DNP-Verstärkung εhf von bis zu -2,4 (Hη2) gemessen. Darauf aufbauend wurde ein allgemeiner Verstärkungsfaktor εglobal eingeführt. Dieser beinhaltete sowohl die Vorteile des Shuttle-DNP-Spektrometers, wie beispielsweise die schnellere Aufnahmerate der DNP-Experimente als auch die Nachteile, wie etwa die Linienverbreiterung der Signale durch die Gegenwart des polarisierenden Radikals. Anschließend wurde dieser Faktor schrittweise auf eindimensionale Messungen angewandt und an diese
angepasst. Hierfür wurden die Aufbaurate der Polarisation und die Aufnahmezeit der Messungen mit DNP und Boltzmann-Polarisation optimiert, um das maximale Signal-zu-Rauschen-Verhältnis pro Messzeit zu erhalten. Diese Parameter basieren auf T1 bzw. T2∗. Das Ergebnis dieser Schritte war ein angewandter, allgemeiner Verstärkungsfaktor εapp von -4.0 für Hδ1 von L-Tryptophan. Des Weiteren wurden die Kernspineigenschaften von Protonen für DNP, wie z.B.die Relaxationsraten, gemessen und miteinander verglichen. Der daraus abgeleitete Kopplungsfaktor implizierte, dass die intermolekulare, dipolare Wechselwirkung zwischen den Kernspins des Zielmoleküls und dem Elektron des polarisierenden Radikals von der räumlichen Zugänglichkeit der Kernspins beeinflusst wurde. Zudem wurde gezeigt, dass diese Wechselwirkung am besten durch ein Model basierend auf translatorischer Diffusion beschrieben werden konnte. Mit diesem wurde der Abstand der dichtesten Annährung zwischen den Kernspins und dem ungepaartem Elektron bestimmt. Diese Abstände reichen entsprechend der Zugänglichkeit des jeweiligen Protons von 3 bis 5 Å. Darauf aufbauend wurden die DNP-Verstärkungen für Kohlenstoff gemessen. Für deuteriertes L-Tryptophan-d8,15N2,13C11 wurden Verstärkungen zwischen -0,3 und -2,5 erzielt. Durch weitere Berechnungen wurde gezeigt, dass diese Verstärkungen mit den zuvor berechneten Abständen der dichtesten Annäherung der Protonen übereinstimmten und dadurch den Ansatz des Models der translatorischen Diffusion untermauerten. In weiteren Messungen an protoniertem L-Tryptophan-15N2,13C11 wurde der Drei-Spin-Effekt erstmalig bei einem gelösten Molekül beobachtet. Dieser Effekt basierte auf der dipolaren Wechselwirkung zwischen den Spins der Protonen, Kohlenstoffkerne und Radikal-Elektronen. Er verursachte positive Signalverstärkungen von bis zu 2,3 für alle Kohlenstoffe außer dem Carbonyl-Kohlenstoff, welcher eine Signalverstärkung von -2,5 aufwies. Diese Ergebnisse waren in Übereinstimmung mit einem erweiterten Kopplungsfaktor, der die intramolekulare Wechselwirkung zwischen Kohlenstoff und Proton neben der zwischen Kohlenstoff und Elektron berücksichtigte. In einem abschließenden Schritt wurden DNP-Experimente an einem Protein (Ubiquitin-U-15N,U-13C) durchgeführt. Zu diesem Zweck wurden zweidimensionale Shuttle-DNP-1H-13C-HSQC-Spektren aufgenommen. Zum ersten Mal konnte ein DNP-Transfer zu der Oberfläche eines Proteins in Lösung nachgewiesen werden.The topic of this thesis is the investigation of how sensitivity enhanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra of biological systems could be obtained by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) under conditions close to their physiological environment in solution. Here, the Overhauser effect is the driving mechanism for DNP, which depends on the diffusion kinetics of the polarizer molecule with an unpaired electron and the nuclei of the target molecule. For this thesis, a liquid state shuttle DNP spectrometer was chosen, where the nuclei are polarized in a field of 0.34 T and transferred to a field of 14.09 T for high resolution NMR detection. Several technical modifications were successively implemented, which increased stability and improved reproducibility of the measurements. High-field DNP enhancements εhf up to -2.4 (Hη2 ) were measured for the proton signals of L-tryptophan. A general global enhancement factor εglobal was introduced which includes advantages and disadvantages of the shuttle DNP approach, such as an increased acquisition rate of the DNP experiments and line broadening due to the presence of the radical, respectively. Subsequently, it was applied and adapted to one-dimensional NMR measurements. For this purpose the polarization build-up time and the acquisition time was optimized for the Boltzmann polarization and the DNP measurement to gain a maximal signal-to-noise ratio per unit measurement time based on T1 and T2∗, respectively. With this, an applied global enhancement factor εapp of -4.0 for the Hδ1 of L-tryptophan was measured. Furthermore, the DNP spin properties of the protons, such as relaxation rates, were measured and compared with each other. The thereby obtained coupling factors implied that the proton accessibility for the polarizer molecule had an important influence on the intermolecular dipolar interaction between the nuclear spins of the target molecule and the electron of the polarizer. It was shown, that this interaction is described best by a model based on translational diffusion. With this model, the distance of closest approach was determined for the protons of L-tryptophan. These distances range from 3 to 5 Å corresponding to the accessibility of each respective proton. In addition, carbon DNP enhancements between -0.3 and -2.5 were measured for deuterated L-tryptophan-d8,15N2,13C11. Calculations demonstrated that these carbon enhancements were in agreement with the previously calculated distance of closest approach of the proton spins and therefore confirmed the approach of the translational diffusion model, too. In further measurements on protonated L-tryptophan-15N2,13C11, the three-spin effect was observed for the first time for a solute molecule. This effect, based on a dipolar interaction between the proton, the carbon and the electron spin, caused positive enhancements for all carbons up to 2.3, but the carbonyl carbon with an enhancement of -2.5. These findings are in agreement with an expanded coupling factor, which includes the intramolecular carbon-proton interaction alongside the intermolecular carbon-electron interaction. In a concluding step, shuttle DNP experiments were conducted on a protein (Ubiquitin-U-15N,U-13C). For this purpose, a two dimensional shuttle DNP 1H-13C-HSQC spectrum was recorded. For the first time, a DNP transfer to the surface of a protein was demonstrated in the liquid state
De novo fragment-based design of inhibitors of DXS guided by spin-diffusion-based NMR spectroscopy
No full textWe applied for the first time an innovative ligand-based NMR methodology (STI) to a medicinal-chemistry project aimed at the development of inhibitors for the enzyme 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS). DXS is the first enzyme of the 2C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, present in most bacteria (and not in humans) and responsible for the synthesis of the essential isoprenoid precursors. We designed de novo a first generation of fragments, using Deinococcus radiodurans DXS as a model enzyme, targeting the thiamine diphosphate (TDP) pocket of DXS whilst also exploring the putative substrate-binding pocket, where selectivity over other human TDP-dependent enzymes could be gained. The STI methodology - suitable for weak binders - was essential to determine the binding mode in solution of one of the fragments, circumventing the requirement for an X-ray co-crystal structure, which is known to be particularly challenging for this specific enzyme and in general for weak binders. Based on this finding, we carried out fragment growing and optimisation, which led to a threefold more potent fragment, about as potent as the well-established thiamine analogue deazathiamine. The STI methodology proved therefore its strong potential as a tool to support medicinal-chemistry projects in their early stages, especially when dealing with weak binders
Shuttle DNP spectrometer with a two-center magnet.
No full textA DNP set-up is described where a liquid sample is hyperpolarized by the electron-nucleus Overhauser effect in a field of 0.34 T and transferred to a field of 14.09 T for NMR detection. In contrast to a previous set-up, using two dedicated magnets for polarization and detection, a dedicated ferroshim system was inserted into the bore of a 14.09 T shielded cryomagnet to provide a homogeneous low-field region in the stray field above the magnetic center. After polarization in the low-field the sample is transferred to the high-field magnetic center within 40 ms by a pneumatic shuttle system. In our set-up a standard high-resolution inverse (1)H/(13)C selective probe was used for NMR detection and a homebuilt EPR cavity, operating in the TM(110) mode was used for polarisation. First experimental data are presented. We observed a maximum proton Overhauser enhancement of up to epsilon(HF) = -3.7 in the high-field position for a 5 mM 4-Oxo-TEMPO-D, (15)N (TEMPONE)/H(2)O sample. While this reproduces the DNP enhancement observed also in the old set-up, with the new set-up we observe enhancement on larger molecules that were impossible to enhance in the old set-up. Therefore, we can demonstrate for the first time Overhauser enhanced high resolution proton spectra of glucose and 2,2-dimethyl-2-silapentane-5-sulfonic acid sodium salt (DSS) in D(2)O, where the high resolution spectrum was acquired in the high-field position after polarizing the sample in the low-field
«Du weißt, dass ich Journalist war»: Gonzo Journalism y autoficción en la literatura pop
No full textThe term Gonzo Journalism refers to a journalistic style closely linked to the figure of the author, with the presence of the latter as the basis of his narrative. The genre of autofiction is also the result of the combination of fact and fiction around the figure of its creator. Joachim Lottmann combines gonzo style and autofiction in his work, combining them to achieve the critical portrait of German society in the 21st century that characterises his work. The novels Der Geldkomplex (2009) and Endlich Kokain (2014) show two different ways of applying the stylistic requirements of both to pop literature, to the point of achieving their fusion by «lottmannising» the world around the author without losing the author’s social commitment.El término Gonzo Journalism hace referencia a un estilo periodístico íntimamente ligado a la figura del autor, contando con la presencia de esta como base de su narración. El género de la autoficción es también muestra del resultado de la suma de realidad y ficción en torno a la figura de su creador. Joachim Lottmann aúna el estilo gonzo y la autoficción en su obra, compaginándolos hasta conseguir el retrato crítico de la sociedad alemana del siglo xxi que caracteriza su obra. Las novelas Der Geldkomplex (2009) y Endlich Kokain (2014) muestran dos formas diferentes de aplicar los requisitos estilísticos de ambos en la literatura pop, hasta conseguir su fusión «lottmannizando» el mundo que rodea al autor sin perder el compromiso social del que este hace gala
«Du weißt, dass ich Journalist war»: Gonzo Journalism and autofiction in pop literature
No full textEl término Gonzo Journalism hace referencia a un estilo periodístico íntimamente ligado a
la figura del autor, contando con la presencia de esta como base de su narración. El género
de la autoficción es también muestra del resultado de la suma de realidad y ficción en torno
a la figura de su creador. Joachim Lottmann aúna el estilo gonzo y la autoficción en su obra,
compaginándolos hasta conseguir el retrato crítico de la sociedad alemana del siglo xxi que
caracteriza su obra. Las novelas Der Geldkomplex (2009) y Endlich Kokain (2014) muestran
dos formas diferentes de aplicar los requisitos estilísticos de ambos en la literatura pop, hasta
conseguir su fusión «lottmannizando» el mundo que rodea al autor sin perder el compromiso
social del que este hace gala.The term Gonzo Journalism refers to a journalistic style closely linked to the figure of the
author, with the presence of the latter as the basis of his narrative. The genre of autofiction
is also the result of the combination of fact and fiction around the figure of its creator.
Joachim Lottmann combines gonzo style and autofiction in his work, combining them to
achieve the critical portrait of German society in the 21st century that characterises his
work. The novels Der Geldkomplex (2009) and Endlich Kokain (2014) show two different
ways of applying the stylistic requirements of both to pop literature, to the point of achieving
their fusion by «lottmannising» the world around the author without losing the author’s
social commitment
***
No full textThe idea of camp, developed by the American philosopher Susan Sontag in the second half of the 20th century, has traditionally been associated with queer, kitsch or extravagant aesthetics. However, the German author Joachim Lottmann makes use of this taste for affectation and exaggeration to construct a crude denunciation linked to current affairs thanks to the application of the different premises that the American author gathered in her essay Notes on Camp: glorification of the character, irony, naivety, the capacity to provoke attraction and repulsion at the same time, as well as developing a discourse capable of being serious in the face of the frivolous or attacking seriousness from frivolity. The combination of these traits manages to make Lottmann’s narrative a complete and complex denunciation of current society, making the novels Der Geldkomplex (2009) and Endlich Kokain (2014) his two greatest exponents: the growing aporophobia in 21st century Germany, the capitalisation of the art world and the dictates of appearances are the cross-cutting themes of two novels in which the camp deploys its means to achieve a plausible denunciation that is committed to its context.La idea de lo camp, desarrollada por la filósofa norteamericana Susan Sontag en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, ha sido tradicionalmente asociada al ámbito de lo queer, la estética kitsch o lo extravagante. Sin embargo, el autor alemán Joachim Lottmann hace servir este gusto por la afectación y la exageración para construir una cruda denuncia ligada a la actualidad gracias a la aplicación de las diferentes premisas que recogió la autora estadounidense en su ensayo Notes on Camp: glorificación del personaje, ironía, ingenuidad, la capacidad de provocar atracción y repulsión al mismo tiempo, así como desarrollar un discurso capaz de ser serio frente a lo frívolo o atacar la seriedad desde la frivolidad. La combinación de estos rasgos consigue hacer de la narrativa de Lottmann una completa y compleja denuncia de la sociedad actual, convirtiendo a las novelas Der Geldkomplex (2009) y Endlich Kokain (2014) en sus dos máximos exponentes: la creciente aporofobia en la Alemania del siglo XXI, la capitalización del mundo del arte y el dictado de las apariencias suponen los temas transversales de dos novelas en las que el camp despliega sus medios para conseguir enarbolar una denuncia plausible y comprometida con su contexto
