1,720,970 research outputs found
Modeling of brine outfall at the planning stage of desalination plants
No full textThe growing demand for drinkable water and its reliable supply have persuaded populations from many
parts of the globe to construct desalination plants. The need for seawater means locating these plants in
coastal areas and then naturally to dispose of their brine waste into the sea through outfalls at some distance
from the shoreline. However, determining the optimum site for water intake and brine outfalls is the key
issue at the planning stage of coastal desalination plant projects.
Modeling studies are outlined on the spread of salt concentratedwaste that is continuously released into the sea.
The principal aimof this case studywas to establish a choice of brine outfall locationwith the least impact on the
marine environment. In particular, the increase in salinity in coastal waters where protected vegetation species
live was considered as the selection parameter for the disposal of the dense discharge source. Contrary to
expectations, themodeling results reveal that the potential impact of salt disposal on vegetation can be alleviated
by planning a shorter outfall
Desalination brine discharge modelling as support for planning decision
No full textA great deal of attention has been devoted worldwide to the environmental aspects
and impact of desalination plants, mainly those involving the pumping of salt
concentration back into the sea.
This paper deals with the problems caused by brine discharge into a marine
environment, which are principally due to its high salt concentration compared to sea
salinity. A mathematical modelling of brine mixing processes was carried out at the
planning and site selection stage of a desalination plant project, according to the
agreement between the Municipal Waterworks of Bari and the Technical University
of Bari, Italy. The aim of the study was to find a site for brine outfall with a lower
environmental impact. As result, both direct and indirect advantages were discovered
in adding desalinated water into marine areas where there is an existing waste water
outfall deriving from the West Bari treatment plant
Integrazione allo “Studio del clima meteomarino e della diffusione dell’effluente dalla condotta sottomarina in progetto sul litorale di Manduria” nell’ipotesi di disservizio parziale e totale dell’impianto di depurazione
No full textStudy Of Waste Water Dilution In The Sea By Combined Use Of Mathematical Modeling And Field Measurements
No full text
Numerical simulations of water wave propagation by volume of fluid approach
No full textWithin the study of artificial waves generated in laboratory, numerical simulations of the
wave fields determined by piston-type wavemakers were carried out by means of Computational Fluid
Dynamics. For the numerical wave flumes, two different commercial codes, namely CFX and FLUENT,
were used solving the unsteady, two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations and applying the Volume
Of Fluid methodology to deal with the different phases. In this way it was possible to calculate the
wave propagation and analyze the generated incident waves. The accuracy of the numerical results in
terms of wave profiles and propagation were assessed by comparison with an analytical solution
available in literature showing a very good agreement of both the numerical results with the theoretical
data. Moreover, a preliminary study was performed considering a more complex wave field which
propagates in a simplified constant-slope coastal model
Wave and turbulent Reynolds stresses in irregular shoaling waves
No full textThe dynamics of regular breaking waves has been both widely and successfully
investigated. In any case, many natural coastal processes are commonly due to
irregular breaking waves, the behaviour of which requires thorough study. The
present research aims to investigate the distributions of the wave and turbulent
Reynolds shear stresses in a laboratory irregular wave, characterized by a narrow
banded spectrum, which develops on a sloping sand bottom, in intermediate waters.
Experiments focused on the wave shoaling region, in order to analyze the effects of
breaking induced turbulence outside the surf zone, taking into account that
turbulence is not limited to the breaking region but it spreads also outside the surf
zone. The phase-averaging technique was used to separate the turbulent components
from the steady ones. All the analysed values derive directly from real
measurements and are not interpolated. Moreover, a 3D Acoustic Doppler
Velocimeter was adopted to measure the wave velocity, consequently the longshore
component of the velocity is also available to estimate the shear stresses. These
experimental data were also used to test some literary numerical models and
relevant results have been obtained, which confirm the outputs of the
abovementioned models in the cases of non dissipative waves propagating above a
flat bottom and dissipative waves propagating over a sloping bottom
The erosion along the apulian coast
No full textThe Adriatic coast between the towns of Trani and Manfredonia in the Apulian Region in the South East of Italy, has seen changed of its morphology due to the effects of the human action. In the middle of this coast is located the Ofanto river. Its solid transport diminished during the second half of the 1900th directly influencing the coastal morphology. Other influence on the coastal evolution is related to the presence of coastal structures, coastal roads, resorts and houses along the coast in the neighbour of the river mouth. The river mouth is included between the port of Margherita di Savoia and the port of Barletta. Either the presence of those ports and the hydrological changes of the river caused the significant erosion of the coast. The analysis reported in the paper has been developed using the information obtained from historical maps and surveys and studying the hydrological rate data provided by he ministry surveys along the river. Even the information of the Municipalities and of the local population were very important to understand the evolution of the coast
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