909 research outputs found
Fate or fault? Nurses’ perspectives on dementia prevention in German care facilities
No full textFollowing the recent shift in medicine towards viewing dementia as a preventable disease, various activating interventions are being discussed to halt cognitive decline of people living in long-term care facilities. This article examines how the dementia discourse, with its turn towards prevention, translates into local everyday care practices. Based on problem-centered interviews, the study analyses how nurses negotiate the prevention paradigm in the context of current health policies, active aging culture, and institutional frameworks in German nursing homes.The study reveals two contrasting patterns in how nurses perceive, interpret, and implement current principles of dementia prevention in care: Despite most nurses being aware of current prevention recommendations, subjective conceptions of both the impact of lifestyle choices in earlier life and the effectiveness of activating interventions in care settings vary greatly. Adopting conceptions of successful aging, neuroplasticity and activity theory, some nurses understand dementia as associated with earlier lifestyle choices and see prevention as a task of nursing care. Focusing strongly on the individuals' personal needs and the well-being of those in need of care, the other group still sees dementia as fated, suggesting either a critical stance or a more holistic understanding of dementia prevention.Furthermore, institutional frameworks and economization processes in the German care system undermine the goal of strengthening prevention and health promotion. While prevention is promoted as an answer to the care crisis in health policy discourses, the implementation of preventive interventions is severely restricted by the fragmentation of nursing tasks, time constraints, and limited resources in care facilities
The Experts’ Advice: Prevention and Responsibility in German Media and Scientific Discourses on Dementia
No full textIn the absence of effective pharmacological therapy options, the focus of dementia and Alzheimer’s research has shifted from treatment and care to risk prediction, early detection, and prevention. Public health communication and media coverage regarding dementia emphasize the individual responsibility for dementia risk management. Focusing on the social and moral implications of the new understanding and public representation of dementia, we present an analysis of medical science, nursing science, and media discourses in Germany between 2014 and 2019. We show which notions of dementia and prevention characterize the medical and nursing science debates regarding dementia and how scientific knowledge is transferred into media discourses on dementia. We further discuss how dementia risk communication interacts with contemporary social and health policies and in what ways current dementia discourses are associated with a (self-)responsibilization of cognitive aging.In the absence of effective pharmacological therapy options, the focus of dementia and Alzheimer\’s research has shifted from treatment and care to risk prediction, early detection, and prevention. Public health communication and media coverage regarding dementia emphasize the individual responsibility for dementia risk management. Focusing on the social and moral implications of the new understanding and public representation of dementia, we present an analysis of medical science, nursing science, and media discourses in Germany between 2014 and 2019. We show which notions of dementia and prevention characterize the medical and nursing science debates regarding dementia and how scientific knowledge is transferred into media discourses on dementia. We further discuss how dementia risk communication interacts with contemporary social and health policies and in what ways current dementia discourses are associated with a (self-)responsibilization of cognitive aging.Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkeshttps://doi.org/10.13039/501100004350Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschafthttps://doi.org/10.13039/50110000165
Between empowerment, patronization, and surveillance. A semi-structured interview study with persons with dementia and family caregivers on the empowering opportunities and perils of intelligent assistive technologies
No full textAbstract Background Intelligent assistive technology (IAT) can contribute to the empowerment of persons with dementia by increasing independence, strengthening social participation, and improving quality of life. IAT could, however, also create new dependencies, reinforce power asymmetries, perpetuate stigmatization, and invade the privacy of persons living with dementia. To fulfill the empowering promise of new technologies and design a user-friendly IAT, users'perspectives, needs, capabilities and interests should be incorporated into IAT development and implementation from an early stage. Yet, the development and ethical assessment of IAT still tends to neglect the perspectives of potential user groups. This study explores how persons with dementia and their caregivers assess the empowering potential, opportunities, and risks of IAT. Methods We conducted a qualitative content analysis of 27 semi-structured interviews with persons with dementia (12) and their caregivers (15). Three technologies (GPS bracelet, dressing technology, and emotion recognition technology) were presented in the interviews using fictional case vignettes. Results Persons with dementia and their caregivers generally believe that IAT can potentially empower persons with dementia by improving their independence in performing daily tasks, supporting their independent mobility, increasing their physical and emotional sense of safety, and improving their social participation. The risks they identify include violations of privacy, patronization through technology, lack of user specificity, and insufficient everyday usability. Technologies are viewed very differently depending on the context, purpose of use, and user group. Conclusion IATs seem to have the potential to empower persons with dementia, but risks and benefits are perceived differently by the interviewees. The technology’s usefulness depends on adapting to users' needs, capabilities, and interests. Future studies using a participatory approach that includes user preferences from the outset could lead to more user-centered technologies that promote the empowerment of persons with dementia.Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 202
Emerging Technologies for Preventing the ‘New’ Dementia: Ambiguous Optimism in the Canadian Context
No full textthe Canadian Institute of Health Research 501100000024the University of Montreal CERSE
sj-pdf-1-cep-10.1177_03331024231223970 - Supplemental material for Reduced plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide level identified in cluster headache: A prospective and controlled study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-cep-10.1177_03331024231223970 for Reduced plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide level identified in cluster headache: A prospective and controlled study by Anja Sofie Petersen, Nunu Lund, Karl Meßlinger, Sarah Louise Christensen, Mads Barloese, Niklas Rye Jørgensen, Lisette Kogelman and Rigmor Højland Jensen in Cephalalgia</p
sj-pdf-2-cep-10.1177_03331024231223970 - Supplemental material for Reduced plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide level identified in cluster headache: A prospective and controlled study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-2-cep-10.1177_03331024231223970 for Reduced plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide level identified in cluster headache: A prospective and controlled study by Anja Sofie Petersen, Nunu Lund, Karl Meßlinger, Sarah Louise Christensen, Mads Barloese, Niklas Rye Jørgensen, Lisette Kogelman and Rigmor Højland Jensen in Cephalalgia</p
Jørn Henrik Petersen and the Origins of the Third Way:the market turn in the Danish welfare state since the 1970s
No full textThe third way is central to the market turn that has taken place across the Western world since the 1970s. In this article, we explore the origins of the third way in Denmark, focusing on economist and Social Democratic dissident Jørn Henrik Petersen. We show how Petersen from the late 1970s onwards imported a new economic perspective on politics in the form of public choice theories into Danish debates about the welfare state, which contributed to making the third way possible as a cross-ideological project by allowing politicians of different colours to criticize, defend and reform the welfare state
Disentangling Responsibility: Perspectives on Dementia Prevention From Stakeholders in Canada, Germany and Switzerland
No full textABSTRACT Dementia prevention has become a priority in medical research and public health. Various medical, social and environmental risk factors have been identified; however, medical studies, media discourses and health policies predominantly centre on individual‐level prevention and promote personal responsibility for maintaining cognitive health. This emphasis on individual preventive efforts faces increasing criticism for being ethically problematic, medically insufficient and reflective of a neoliberal responsibilisation of (cognitive) ageing. Our study, based on 64 semi‐structured qualitative interviews with stakeholders involved in dementia research, care and health policy from Canada, Germany and Switzerland, situates the preventive turn within contemporary ageing cultures and welfare policies. By examining the epistemic and normative arguments underlying current debates on dementia prevention, we illustrate how stakeholders justify both personal and governmental responsibilities in preventing dementia. Although managing and mitigating various risk factors throughout life is often framed as a matter of personal responsibility, many stakeholders advocate combining individual‐level prevention with population‐level efforts to address social inequalities that affect the risk of developing dementia. Drawing on the interview study, we highlight the importance of recognising the political and normative foundations and implications of dementia prevention strategies.Santé https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000156Canadian Institutes of Health Research https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000024Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002347Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung https://doi.org/10.13039/50110000171
[[alternative]]Niklas Luhmann’s Theory of Social Systems and Its Implication to the Educational Analysis
No full text[[abstract]]Niklas Luhmann’s Theory of Social Systems and Its Implication to the Educational Analysis
Abstract
This thesis aims to study Niklas Luhmann’s theory of social systems and its educational implications. The first chapter explores major problems and predicament in the study of education. It also points out contributions of Luhmann to educational studies. The second chapter traces sources of Luhmann’s theory of intellectual traditions. The third chapter then explicates the structure of Luhmann’s theory with an analysis of important ideas and concepts implicated in his works.These ideas and concepts include , for example , system , complexity , meaning , function , communication , self-reference and others. The fourth chapter discusses how Luhmann has reflected on current educational systems on the basis of his own theory. In particular,Chapter Five takes up Luhmann’s discussion in Reflexionsprobleme im Erziehungssystem. The last chapter , in conclusion , reviews major themes of this research , identifies the difficulties thus encountered, and suggests possible directions for future studies.
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