1,720,979 research outputs found
Measuring entrepreneurial ecosystems
No full textIn recent decades the concept of the entrepreneurial ecosystem has received increasing attention from researchers and policymakers. Thus far, they have reached consensus on the relevance of entrepreneurial ecosystems in influencing entrepreneurial activity at the local level. However, there are still gaps in how entrepreneurial ecosystems are defined and conceptualized; and, most of all, in how they can be measured. Closing these gaps is essential if we want to explain the key features of entrepreneurial ecosystems; how they connect with expected outcomes in terms of entrepreneurial activity; and ultimately, their links with innovation and growth. In this chapter, we measure the entrepreneurial ecosystem at the Italian Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics Level 3 provincial level for the 2000-18 period. By using comparable metrics of entrepreneurial ecosystems, we provide useful insights to better understand how entrepreneurial ecosystems originate, evolve and foster entrepreneurial activities at the local level. Indeed, we provide evidence of some degree of persistence in the general level of entrepreneurial ecosystems across provinces and the strong significance of entrepreneurial ecosystems in characterizing resilience at the local level
Un indicatore di benessere per le province italiane
Get PDFNegli ultimi anni la misurazione del benessere ha ricevuto crescente attenzione da parte di ricercatori, policy-maker ed istituzioni internazionali. L’interesse si è incentrato principalmente sulla ricerca di misure volte al superamento del PIL quale unico indicatore della crescita economica e dello sviluppo. Sono stati così costruiti diversi indici per misurare il benessere, la qualità della vita, lo sviluppo umano e sostenibile, individuando ed approfondendo diversi domini considerati essenziali per la descrizione di una vita migliore, e utilizzando metodologie ed approcci diversi anche per la definizione stessa di benessere. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è di contribuire alla letteratura sulla misurazione del benessere per le province italiane prendendo spunto da una precedente analisi che ha misurato il benessere delle regioni italian
Bank Foundations, Social Capital, and the Growth of Italian Provinces
Get PDFThe funding role of Bank Foundations in the Italian economy, especially to the non-profit sector, significantly increased over the last twenty-five years. By means of a novel measure of social capital, our paper evaluates the contribution of Bank Foundations to the economic development of Italian provinces. Our findings suggest that Bank Foundations positively affect social capital and the economic growth of provinces
Social capital and well-being in the Italian provinces
No full textABSTRACT
Recent years witnessed a growing interest in the concept of well-being and quality of life, as alternative to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The determinants of well-being, especially at the regional and provincial levels, is understudied in a macro perspective, as opposed to a micro perspective (individuals, survey data) that has been the dominant approach until recently. In this paper, we estimate an empirical model for the Italian NUTS-3 provinces to evaluate the role of social capital on well-being by using aggregated (provincial) data. Our findings suggest that social capital, social security programs, income, and grant-making activities by Bank Foundations, even though not uniformly distributed across Italy, positively affect well-being, thus contributing to explain the persistent dualism that characterizes the Italian econom
A Well-Being Indicator for the Italian Provinces
No full textIn recent years, a significant number of papers has been published providing alternative measures of progress and well-being to Gross Domestic Product. Most of these papers differs in terms of their theoretical approach as well as their purpose and statistical methodology used to define what well-being is and how to measure it. In this paper, we construct a well-being indicator for the Italian provinces that shows a high degree of het- erogeneity not only between the Northern and Southern Italian provinces, but also among adjacent provinces
Industrial doctorates for regional development: the case of Le Marche Region
No full textOver the past decade, there has been a steady increase in the number of industrial PhD programmes (IPPs) at the global level, especially in advanced countries. Several regional and national governments have invested considerable resources to set up and support IPPs which have been presented as strategic policy tools for promoting the employability of doctorate holders outside academia, for supporting innovation, and for building bridges between universities, industry, and society at large. Nevertheless, empirical evidence about the impacts of IPPs has so far been either limited or inconsistent. This longitudinal study presents the industrial PhD programme Eureka which was enacted between 2012 and 2020 by the regional government of an Italian region (Le Marche). The analysis considers 499 industrial PhD scholarships that were co-financed by the regional government, along with the four regional universities and more than 200 firms that have headquarters in the region. The paper provides a retrospective long-term overview of the impact of Eureka on PhD holders’ employment and reveals the characteristics of the firms that participated in the IPP. Policy implications and recommendations are derived from this
Does the hub and spoke model matter for universityindustry engagement in innovation ecosystems?
Get PDFWhile the literature has extensively investigated applications of the hub and spoke (H&S)
model, its characteristics, dynamics, effectiveness and costs remain little explored in the
field of university-industry partnerships for knowledge transfer in innovation ecosystems
(IEs). This study contributes to the literature on the organisation of relationships in innovation ecosystems by investigating whether and how the H&S model matters in governing partnerships for knowledge transfer. To do so, a multiple case study was conducted to examine the 11 national IEs funded by the Italian government under the framework of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan in the period 2022–2026. The ecosystems operate across 20 regions, with 11 hubs and 84 spokes involving more than 40 universities and over 200 research organisations and firms. The findings, based on secondary data, two questionnaires and in-depth interviews of individuals involved in H&S governance, reveal that a top-down approach was adopted since the government required for the first time, on a mandatory basis, the creation of ecosystems using the H&S model. The IEs have improved collaboration between universities and firms. Challenges and good practices are discussed. The article identifies three forms of application of the H&S model, depending on the geographical span of the relations between actors: urban, regional and cross-regional ecosystems. Based on the level of coordination among ecosystem actors, three types of solutions to organise knowledge transfer are conceptualised: centralised, decentralised and hybrid models. Implications are suggested to ameliorate university governance and to inform the design of policies for university-industry engagement
The role of universities in the location of innovative start-ups
No full textStart-ups increasingly find the prospect of university-industry collaborations to
be a powerful driver of innovation and entrepreneurship activity. Moreover, at
the geographical level, they are attracted by teaching and research institutions,
either public or private. This paper focuses on the role played by universities.
Our hypothesis is that geographical proximity favors the transfer of knowledge and
technology from universities to industries and, consequently, represents a positive
factor for regional economic development.
Results show that university spillovers are positively correlated with the creation
of innovative start-ups. Furthermore, the presence of human capital (graduates)
exerts a significant influence on the location decisions of start-ups, being a source
for competitiveness for firms close to universities. Research quality, especially in
the social sciences area, attracts innovative start-ups, while third-mission activities
have a weak impact on locational choice
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