1,721,004 research outputs found
Space–time analysis of entrepreneurial ecosystems
No full textEntrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) are viewed as the combination or interaction of elements producing shared innovative and cultural values that support entrepreneurial activities within a territory. The literature has mainly taken a static view of the concept and has analyzed these ecosystems at national or at NUTS-2 regional level. This paper proposes the NUTS-3 provincial level as a spatial unit for measuring EEs in a dynamic perspective and focuses on the Italian case using data for the 2000–2018 period. The choice of NUTS-3 provinces is supported by theoretical arguments and it is confirmed by empirical results, which show some degree of heterogeneity in the level of EEs across provinces and some spatial patterns that would have been ignored using larger spatial units. The temporal dimension also reveals some intra-distribution mobility in the cross-sectional values of the provincial EE index. The paper contributes to advancing the research on EEs, has implications for policymakers and practitioners, and suggests directions for future studies
Entrepreneurial ecosystems and economic resilience at local level
No full textThe main aim of this paper is to investigate if and to what extent entrepreneurial ecosystems (EE) have an impact on economic resilience at local level. The paper is based on a quantitative analysis for the Italian provinces (NUT-3 level) and presents two novelties: first, it provides a composite index of EE at local level by capturing the different aspects encompassing political, social, cultural and economic dimensions of an EE; second, it analyzes the role of EE in terms of resistance to and recovery from external shocks. The empirical results show that EE has a relevant role in explaining the resilience of local systems to economic shocks. The positive effect also remains when controlling for the direct impact of new firm formation, thus highlighting that the EE concept has a greater significance for characterizing resilience and entrepreneurial activity at local level than entrepreneurial rates
Entrepreneurial ecosystems in Italy
No full textThe main aim of this paper is to develop a measure of entrepreneurial ecosystems (ee) at local level. We select and aggregate into a composite index 13 variables that represent the different features of an ee. Data refers to Italian provinces (nuts-3 level) in the years 2004 and 2011. The ee index shows a large variation between Italian provinces but a high persistence over time. We analyse the consistency of the index to different weighting procedure, normalization and aggregation methods. We also check for the sensitivity of the index in ranking the provinces to the removal of each variable
Social capital and well-being in the Italian provinces
No full textRecent years witnessed a growing interest in the concept of well-being and quality of life, as alternative to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The determinants of well-being, especially at the regional and provincial levels, is understudied in a macro perspective, as opposed to a micro perspective (individuals, survey data) that has been the dominant approach until recently. In this paper, we estimate an empirical model for the Italian NUTS-3 provinces to evaluate the role of social capital on well-being by using aggregated (provincial) data. Our findings suggest that social capital, social security programs, income, and grant-making activities by Bank Foundations, even though not uniformly distributed across Italy, positively affect well-being, thus contributing to explain the persistent dualism that characterizes the Italian economy
Income distribution dynamics among Italian provinces. The role of Bank Foundations
No full textThis paper investigates the convergence process and the distribution dynamics of income among Italian NUTS-3 provinces between 2003 and 2011. Findings show the existence of multiple steady-state equilibria which is consistent with the well-documented persistence in income disparities among Italian provinces. The role of grant-making activities by Bank Foundations is assessed on a conditioning scheme. Results suggest that Bank Foundations can affect the shape of the distribution of income and, in the long run, reduce polarization with a tendency for income to collapse towards a unimodal distribution
A Well-Being Indicator for the Italian Provinces
No full textIn recent years, a significant number of papers has been published providing alternative measures of progress and well-being to Gross Domestic Product. Most of these papers differs in terms of their theoretical approach as well as their purpose and statistical methodology used to define what well-being is and how to measure it. In this paper, we construct a well-being indicator for the Italian provinces that shows a high degree of heterogeneity not only between the Northern and Southern Italian provinces, but also among adjacent provinces
Innovation performance in traditional industries: Does proximity to universities matter
Full text linkFirms operating in traditional industries are characterized by low investment in R&D and little capabilities for autonomous innovation. This situation is changing given the increasing relevance of general purpose technol-ogies, such as ICT. As a result, the innovative performance of firms in these sectors should be more dependent on the interaction with firms and institutions outside their production chain. The aim of this paper is to analyze to what extent the proximity to universities affects firms' capability to innovate as opposed to the other charac-teristics of the local context, such as specialization or variety, which motivated firms' location choice. The analysis focuses on Italian firms in traditional industries: agri-food, textile and clothing, leather and footwear. The empirical evidence suggests that the local context still plays a relevant role for the innovative performance of traditional firms while proximity to a university is not always statistically significant
Changing models of innovation in the eu textile and clothing industry
No full textFirms in the textile and clothing industry are generally considered as «suppliers dominated» for their innovation model, being characterized by low investment in r&d and little capabilities for autonomous innovation. As a result, technological innovation is not considered a key competitive factor. This situation is supposed to rapidly changing as a result of the increasing relevance of the so-called transversal technologies, such as ict, and the diffusion of open innovation models. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the characteristics and changes in the innovation model of eu firms in the textile and clothing industry over the last two decades. Empirical results reveal that in general firms remain characterized by a low intensity of innovation and patenting activity. However, the patenting and co-patenting activity of firms and the technological span of patents have significantly increased during the last decade, suggesting significant changes in their innovation model. Moreover, the innovation activity is highly concentrated in specific areas within the eu
Numerical modelling of centrifuge dynamic tests of circular tunnels in dry sand
Full text linkThis paper describes the numerical simulation of two dynamic centrifuge tests on reduced scale models of
shallow tunnels in dry sand, carried out using both an advanced bounding surface plasticity constitutive soil
model and a simple Mohr–Coulomb elastic-perfectly plastic model with embedded nonlinear and hysteretic behaviour. The predictive capabilities of the two constitutive models are assessed by comparing numerical predictions
and experimental data in terms of accelerations at several positions in the model, and bending moment and
hoop forces in the lining. Computed and recorded accelerations match well, and a quite good agreement is achieved also in terms of dynamic bending moments in the lining, while numerical and experimental values of the hoop force differ significantly with one another. The influence of the contact assumption between the tunnel and the soil is investigated by comparing the experimental data and the numerical results obtained with different interface conditions with the analytical solutions. The overall performance of the two models is very similar indicating that at least for dry sand, where shear-volumetric coupling is less relevant, even a simple model can provide an adequate
representation of soil behaviour under dynamic condition
Regional innovation disparities in Italy: The role of governance
No full textThis paper analyses the link between institutional quality and innovation for 103 Italian NUTS-3 provinces during the 2004-2012 period, providing fresh evidence for a country with great dis-parities in both aspects. Results suggest that institutional quality largely drives innovation per-formance across provinces, and to some extent it contributes to explain the great North-South Italian divide in terms of innovation. The findings are robust to the inclusion of spatial spillovers and to the control of potential endogeneity. Moreover, we find uneven effects for different levels of institutional quality and for its distinct pillars. These results can be useful for the design of more specific innovation policies. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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