1,721,148 research outputs found
Traffico illecito di rifiuti: analisi interdisciplinare di un fenomeno complesso
No full textAll'Università La Sapienza di Roma, presso l'aula Giacomini del Dipartimento di Biologia ambientale, si è svolta lo scorso 17 marzo, la Tavola rotonda "Traffico illecito di rifiuti", organizzata nell'ambito del Corso di Laurea in Scienze ambientali. Terra dei fuochi e traffico illecito dei rifiuti sono stati gli argomenti centrali dell'incontro durante il quale si è cercato di analizzare il fenomeno criminale, dalle conseguenze devastanti per il nostro Paese, attraverso un approccio interdisciplinare dal punto di vista ambientale, sociale, economico e sanitario. Nell'ambito della Tavola rotonda sono anche stati proiettati alcuni dei servizi di inchiesta sul traffico di rifiuti, tratti da "L'Italia dei fuochi" del 10 febbraio 2014, realizzati e gentilmente messi a disposizione dal Programma RAI "Presa Diretta" di Riccardo Iacona
On ecology of post-fire soil fungi: Assessing impact of disturbance utilizing species-abundance models as measure of community organization
No full textMediterranean ecosystems are among those most significantly modified by fires, with evident disturbance of the above- and below-ground ecosystem components, at various spatial and temporal scales, including that of soil microfungi. The ecological parameters used to measure the effects of disturbance on the soil fungal community include species-abundance distribution patterns, which reflect changes in the relationships between species number and their relative abundance, as a critical measure of community organization. Species-abundance distribution patterns were used to assess the disturbance impact of experimental fires on soil fungal communities in the short- to mid-term in Mediterranean maquis (southern Italy). The trend in the distribution patterns of xerotolerant and heat-stimulated soil fungi over time, their different responses to experimental low- and high-intensity fire, the efficiency of the soil germplasm bank and the pivotal role of Neosartorya spp in post-fire community structure in Mediterranean burned soils will be presented and discussed
On ecology of post-fire soil fungi: assessing impact of disturbance using species-abundance models as measure of community organization
No full textMediterranean ecosystems are among those most significantly modified by fires. Such fires lead to evident disturbance of the above- and below-ground ecosystem components, at various spatial and temporal scales, including soil microfungi. The ecological parameters used to measure the effects of disturbance on soil fungal communities include species-abundance distribution patterns, which reflect changes in the relationships between species numbers and their relative abundance, and serve as a critical measure of community organization. Species-abundance distribution patterns were used to assess the disturbance impact of experimental fires on soil fungal communities in Mediterranean maquis (southern Italy) in the short- to mid-term. The trend in the distribution patterns of heat-stimulated and xerotolerant soil fungi over time, their varying responses to low- and high-intensity fire, the efficiency of the soil germplasm bank, and the pivotal role of Neosartorya spp. in post-fire community structure in Mediterranean burned soils may all be used as tools to accurately assess the effects of fire on soil mycobiota
Fungal Species Conservation: Alessioporus ichnusanus (Alessio, Galli & Littini) Gelardi, Vizzini & Simonini and Poronia punctata (L.) Fr. two new entries IUCN red list in 2019 thanks to a national collaboration network
No full textOn the 30 November 2018 in Rome was held the Workshop “Matching fungal conservation in Italy: the current state and future challenges” sponsored by The Italian Botanical Society and organized by the mycology working group with the participation of Anders Dahlberg. Following the workshop, the mycology
working group committed to work, within The Global Fungal Red List Initiative, on the assessment of the threat status of two fungal species, in order to get them included in the IUCN red list. To pursue the assessment in the best possible way, thanks to a first opportunity of collaboration during the workshop, was
promoted the initiative of developing a national collaboration network including the Italian Botanical Society mycology working group, research institutes and amateur associations.
The two species that were chosen to be assessed within The Global Fungal Red List Initiative were Alessioporus ichnusanus (Alessio, Galli & Littini) Gelardi, Vizzini & Simonini (Basidiomycota) and Poronia punctata (L.) Fr. (Ascomycota).
Alessioporus ichnusanus is an ectomycorrhizal species that grows in thermophilous broadleaved forests, associated with pure or mixed evergreen sclerophyllous and deciduous oak communities (1). The analysed data showed that this species has a range restricted to European Mediterranean region and grows in small
scattered localities.
Poronia punctata is a coprophilous fungal species mainly associated with horse dung. Therefore, major threats to this species include the reduction of natural grazing of equines and other domestic animals and the reduction or loss of typical semi-natural habitats (2). Despite this species has a worldwide distribution, a
substantial decline and several local extinctions have been observed during the last century in its population. Data provided by members of the Italian Botanical Society Mycology Working Group, ISPRA Special Fungi Project, Associazione Micologica Ecologica Romana (AMER) and Agaricwatching Mycology Association,
together with data reported in literature and in online databases, were crucial to estimate the current distribution and geographic range of these species.
The assessments proposed by this working group to The Global Fungal Red List Initiative
(http://iucn.ekoo.se/en) have been reviewed within the ECCF Workshop in Cambridge, 25–29 March 2019 during which the following assessments have been formalized.
Alessioporus ichnusanus qualifies for the IUCN red list as Endangered under criterion C2a(i) because of less than 250 mature individuals in largest subpopulation and population decline.
Poronia punctata is assessed as Least Concern, because, even though the magnitude of its past population decline and several local extinctions, the risk of global extinction is currently low. However, Poronia punctata is considered of conservation concern and in case the decline restart, then it may quickly move
towards a threatened category.
The upcoming publication (2019) of these two fungal species in the IUCN red list represents a remarkable result in order to promote fungal species conservation. Moreover, this experience showed the great importance of a collaboration network in order to achieve relevant results in nature conservation both on a national and international level
Codinaea coffeae and Phialocephala xalapensis, two new Hyphomycetes from Mexico
No full textIn this paper two new species belonging to the genera Codinaea Maire (1937) and Phialocephala Kendrick (1961) are described and illustrated. They have been isolated from nursery soil of Coffea arabica L:, in Mexico
Species-abundance distribution patterns of soil fungi: Contribution to the ecological understanding of their response to experimental fire in mediterranean maquis (southern italy)
No full textExperimental fires, of both low and high intensity, were lit during the summer of 2000 and the following two years in the Castel Volturno Nature Reserve, southern Italy. Soil samples were collected from July 2000 to July 2002 to analyze the soil fungal community dynamics. Species abundance distribution patterns (geometric, logarithmic, log normal, broken-stick) were compared. We plotted data sets with information both on species richness and abundance for total, xerotolerant and heat-stimulated soil microfungi. The xerotolerant fungi conformed to a broken-stick model for both the low- and high-intensity fires at 7 and 84 days after the fire; their distribution subsequently followed logarithmic models in the 2 years following the fire. The distribution of the heat-stimulated fungi changed from broken-stick to logarithmic models, and eventually to a log normal model during the post-fire recovery. Xerotolerant and, to a far greater extent, heat-stimulated soil fungi acquire an important functional role following soil water stress and/or fire disturbance; these disturbance events allow them to occupy unsaturated habitats and to become increasingly abundant over time
SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY ON CONIDIOPHORE DEVELOPMENT AND CONIDIOGENESIS IN GONYTRICHUM (FUNGI IMPERFECTI)
No full textThe genus Gonytrichum appears to be closely related to Chloridium. The relationship between these two genera were widely studied. This investigation, carried out with SEM, confirms for Gonytrichum the same conidiogenous pattern with multiple conidiogenous loci and the term "sympodulophialides" has been reproposed. Differences between Chloridium and Gonytrichum concern the localization of the fertile conidiogenous locus
A new genus of Synnematous Hyphomycetes from tropical rain forest
No full textIn this work a new genus (Bovetia gen. nov.) with the new species B. diospyri sp. nov. of Synnematous Hyphomycetes is decribed. It is characterized by conspicous and dichotomously branched synnemata, conidiophora Penicillium-like, conidiogenous cells mono- or polyphialidic and by the conidia variable in shape and dimensions
I funghi tropicali: considerazioni ecologiche e biogeografiche
No full textEcological researchs were carried out in permanent plots of Tai National Park (Ivory Coast) on soil microfungi, to study the forest recovery after shifting cultivation. The examination of data obtained has permitted some considerations about distribution of tropical soil fungi
New consideration based on light and electron microscopic investigation of Triangularia batistae
No full textDuring mycological work carried out on tropical forest soils, Triangularia batistae Bezerra and Maciel was foud. New description based on light and electron microscopic investigation is also offered
- …
