5,002 research outputs found
The marriage record of Johnson, Benjamin J. and Dale, Anna
No full textMarriage license for Benjamin J. Johnson and Anna Dale. Augustus Perry was the officiant
Improved spectroscopy of molecular ions in the mid-infrared with up-conversion detection
No full text"Heterodyne detection, velocity modulation, and cavity enhancement are useful tools for observing rovibrational transitions of important molecular ions.\footnote{K.N. Crabtree, J.N. Hodges, B.M. Siller, A.J. Perry, J.E. Kelly, P.A. Jenkins II, and B.J. McCall, Chem. Phys. Lett. 551 (2012) 1-6.} We have utilized these methods to investigate a number of molecular ions, such as H, CH, HeH, and OH.\footnote{A.J. Perry, J.N. Hodges, C.R. Markus, G.S. Kocheril, and B.J. McCall, J. Mol. Spec. 317 (2015) 71-73.}\footnote{J.N. Hodges, A.J. Perry, P.A. Jenkins II, B.M. Siller, and B.J. McCall, J. Chem. Phys. 139 (2013) 164291.}\footnote{A.J. Perry, J.N. Hodges, C.R. Markus, G.S. Kocheril, and B.J. McCall. 2014, J. Chem. Phys. 141, 101101}\footnote{C.R. Markus, J.N. Hodges, A.J. Perry, G.S. Kocheril, H.S.P. M{\""u}ller, and B.J. McCall, Astrophys. J. 817 (2016) 138.} In the past, parasitic etalons and the lack of fast and sensitive detectors in the mid-infrared have limited the number of transitions we could measure with MHz-level precision. Recently, we have significantly reduced the amplitude of unwanted interference fringes with a Brewster-plate spoiler. We have also developed a detection scheme which up-converts the mid-infrared light with difference frequency generation which allows the use of a faster and more sensitive avalanche photodetector. The higher detection bandwidth allows for optimized heterodyne detection at higher modulation frequencies. The overall gain in signal-to-noise from both improvements will enable extensive high-precision line lists of molecular ions and searches for previously unobserved transitions."Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-26T21:38:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2016-06-2
Benjamin Rienbolt
No full textPresident Bill Perry, Benjamin Rienbolt, Provost Blair Lordhttps://thekeep.eiu.edu/years_of_service_2015/1015/thumbnail.jp
Public worship and practical theology in the work of Benjamin Keach (1640-1704)
No full textThe late seventeenth century was a critical and fruitful period
for the Particular Baptists of England. Severely persecuted following
the Restoration, toleration in 1689 brought its own perils.
Particular Baptists were fortunate in having several strong leaders,
especially the London trio of Hanserd Knollys, William Kiffin, and
Benjamin Keach. Such a small and severely persecuted group as the
Baptists could afford little time for academic pursuits, thus of
necessity most of their theology was practical in nature.
Benjamin Keach (1640-1704) was the most outstanding practical
theologian among the English Particular Baptists of the late
seventeenth century. This dissertation is a study of Keach, in
particular his writings on public worship and practical theology.
Although Keach was a prolific author, he has been almost completely
neglected by scholars.
After a biographical sketch of Keach, this study considers his
writings on public worship and practical theology. In the area of
worship, Keach made two outstanding contributions: First, he was the
most vocal apologist for Baptist views on Baptism of his period.
Secondly, and more importantly, his hymn writing and defense of hymn
singing broke new ground, not just for Baptists, but for English
Protestantism, in general. In addition to his contributions in these
areas, he also dealt with the laying on of hands and the sabbath day
worship controversy.
Keach's contributions to practical theology fall into two main
groups: his writings that concern religious education and those that
deal with polity. In addition to these, Keach's vigorous advocacy of
a high Calvinist soteriology are also considered under the rubric of
practical theology. Keach's most important (although not his most
positive) contribution in this area were his soteriological writings.
Although well within the bounds of orthodoxy, some of the tendencies
in Keach's soteriology were taken up by the following generation of
Baptist leaders and developed into a stultifying hyper-Calvinism that
handicapped Baptist evangelism and missions.
In the conclusion, Keach's contributions to a theory of practical
theology are considered
Highly accurate and precise infrared transition frequencies of the H3+ cation
No full textCalculation of \textit{ab initio} potential energy surfaces for molecules to high accuracy is only manageable for a handful of molecular systems. Among them is the simplest polyatomic molecule, the \chem{H_3^+} cation. In order to achieve a high degree of accuracy (1 \wn) corrections must be made to the to the traditional Born-Oppenheimer approximation that take into account not only adiabatic and non-adiabatic couplings, but quantum electrodynamic corrections as well. For the lowest rovibrational levels the agreement between theory and experiment is approaching 0.001 \wn, whereas the agreement is on the order of 0.01 – 0.1 \wn for higher levels which are closely rivaling the uncertainties on the experimental data\footnote{L.G. Diniz, J.R. Mohallem, A. Alijah, M. Pavanello, L. Adamowicz, O.L. Polyansky, J. Tennyson \emph{Phys. Rev. A} (2013), \textbf{88}, 032506.}\footnote{O.L. Polyansky, A. Alijah, N.F. Zobov, I.I. Mizus, R.I. Ovsyannikov, J. Tennyson, L. Lodi, T. Szidarovszky, A.G. Cs\'{a}sz\'{a}r \emph{Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A} (2012), \textbf{370}, 5014.}. As method development for calculating these various corrections progresses it becomes necessary for the uncertainties on the experimental data to be improved in order to properly benchmark the calculations.
Previously we have measured 20 rovibrational transitions of \chem{H_3^+} with MHz-level precision, all of which have arisen from low lying rotational levels\footnote{J.N. Hodges, A.J. Perry, P.A. Jenkins II, B.M. Siller, B.J. McCall \emph{J. Chem. Phys.} (2013), \textbf{139}, 164201.}\footnote{A.J. Perry, J.N. Hodges, C.R. Markus, G.S. Kocheril, B.J. McCall \emph{J. Molec. Spectrosc.} (2015), \textbf{317}, 71-73.}. Here we present new measurements of rovibrational transitions arising from higher rotational and vibrational levels. These transitions not only allow for probing higher energies on the potential energy surface, but through the use of combination differences, will ultimately lead to prediction of the “forbidden” rotational transitions with MHz-level accuracy.Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-26T21:38:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2016-06-2
Cavity-enhanced spectroscopy of molecular ions in the mid-infrared with up-conversion detection and Brewster-plate spoilers
No full textMade available in DSpace on 2017-07-27T20:15:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 6Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-29T23:03:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 6Molecular ions are challenging to study with conventional spectroscopic methods. Laboratory discharges produce ions in trace quantities which can be obscured by the abundant neutral molecules present. The technique Noise Immune Cavity Enhanced Optical Heterodyne Velocity Modulation Spectroscopy (NICE-OHVMS) overcomes these challenges by combining the ion-neutral discrimination of velocity modulation spectroscopy with the sensitivity of Noise-Immune Cavity-Enhanced Optical Heterodyne Molecular Spectroscopy (NICE-OHMS), and has been able to determine transition frequencies of molecular ions in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) with sub-MHz uncertainties when calibrated with an optical frequency combfootnote{J. N. Hodges, A. J. Perry, P. A. Jenkins II, B. M. Siller, and B. J. McCall, textit{J. Chem. Phys.} (2013), textbf{139}, 164201.}. However, the extent of these studies was limited by the presence of fringes due to parasitic etalons and the speed and noise characteristics of mid-IR detectors. _x000d_
_x000d_
Recently, we have overcome these limitations by implementing up-conversion detection and dithered optics. We performed up-conversion using periodically poled lithium niobate to convert light from the mid-IR to the visible to be within the coverage of sensitive and fast silicon detectors while maintaining our heterodyne and velocity modulation signals. The parasitic etalons were removed by rapidly rotating CaF windows with galvanometers, which is known as a Brewster-plate spoilerfootnote{C. R. Webster, textit{J. Opt. Soc. Am. B} (1985), textbf{2}, 1464.}, which averaged out the fringes in detection. Together, these improved the sensitivity by more than an order of magnitudefootnote{C. R. Markus, A. J. Perry, J. N. Hodges, and B. J. McCall, textit{Opt. Express} (2017), textbf{25}, 3709--3721.} and have enabled extended spectroscopic surveys of molecular ions in the mid-IR
High-precision sub-doppler infrared spectroscopy of HeH+
No full textThe helium hydride ion, HeH, is the simplest heteronuclear diatomic, and is composed of the two most abundant elements in the universe. It is widely believed that this ion was among the first molecules to be formed; thus it has been of great interest to scientists studying the chemistry of the early universe.\footnote{S. Lepp, P.~C. Stancil, A. Dalgarno \emph{J. Phys. B} (2002), \textbf{35}, R57.}\footnote{S. Lepp, \emph{Astrophys. Space Sci.} (2003), \textbf{285}, 737.} HeH is also isoelectronic to H which makes it a great target ion for theorists to include adiabatic and non-adiabatic corrections to its Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surface. The accuracy of such calculations is further improved by incorporating electron relativistic and quantum electrodynamic effects.\footnote{K. Pachucki, J. Komasa, \emph{J. Chem. Phys} (2012), \textbf{137}, 204314.}\\
Using the highly sensitive spectroscopic technique of Noise Immune Cavity Enhanced Optical Heterodyne Velocity Modulation Spectroscopy (NICE-OHVMS) we are able to perform sub-Doppler spectroscopy on ions of interest. When combined with frequency calibration from an optical frequency comb we fit line centers with sub-MHz precision as has previously been shown for the H, HCO, and CH ions.\footnote{J.~N. Hodges, A.~J. Perry, P.~A. Jenkins II, B.~M. Siller, B.~J. McCall \emph{J. Chem. Phys.} (2013), \textbf{139}, 164201.} Here we report a list of the most precisely measured rovibrational transitions of HeH to date. These measurements should allow theorists to continue to push the boundaries of \textit{ab initio} calculations in order to further study this important fundamental species.Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-17T16:54:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2014-06-20Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T18:40:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4
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Previous issue date: 2014-06-2
Letter to Benjamin Clark Cutler from Benjamin Stevens
No full textLetter dated April 14, 1863 to Assistant Adjutant General, Captain Benjamin Clark Cutler, Santa Fe, from First Lieutenant Benjamin Stevens, Fort Wingate, New Mexico, recommending John Murphy and Martin Quintana, in the First New Mexico Volunteers, for military promotion to Second Lieutenant. Letter also signed by First Lieutenant J. L. Barbey, joint author. Civil War. HL introduction page overlaid by document. Letter in English, handwritten, 1pp/fr
Some new thoughts founded upon new principles, concerning a threefold motion of the earth. [electronic resource] : The rectification of the Kallender. The flowing and ebbing of the sea. The nature of the magnet. The variation of the compass. The cause of sea currents, and trade winds. The various motions of all the clestial orbs. The finding out the true place of the moon. And facilitating the discovery of the longitude. Not before thought of, or not offer'd to the World in this Manner. Most Humbly propos'd, and offer'd to the Consideration of the Learned and Ingenious, as Subjects of further Contemplation and Improvement. But in a more particular Manner to the Honourable, the Learned, and Ingenious Gentlemen of the Royal Society. By B. H. J.
No full textB. H. J. = Benjamin Habakkuk Jackson.Electronic reproduction.English Short Title Catalog,Reproduction of original from British Library
High-accuracy and high-precision infrared spectroscopy of fundamental molecular ions using noise immune cavity enhanced optical heterodyne velocity modulation spectroscopy
No full text"Solving the Schrodinger equation for molecules is anything but trivial given the multi-body nature of the problem, and exact solutions are not achievable ab initio. Therefore, quantum mechanical calculations on molecules require approximate treatment in order to calculate quantities such as energy levels and spectra. High accuracy calculations that achieve ``spectroscopic accuracy"" (i.e. energy levels and spectra that are accurate to < 1 cm-1) are only possible for a select few molecular systems, and as such these systems are of great fundamental interest as they serve as test cases for state-of-the-art computational methods and strategies for solving the molecular Schrodinger equation. However, in order for these pioneering theoretical approaches to be validated, high-quality experimental spectroscopic data are required for the purpose of benchmarking the calculations.
Many of these fundamentally interesting systems are molecular ions making spectroscopic investigations on them particularly challenging due to the difficulty in creating significant quantities of them. To overcome this obstacle, sensitive spectroscopic techniques are required. Achieving high spectroscopic sensitivity for the purpose of studying molecular ions requires minimizing technical noise while enhancing absorption signals and finding a way to discriminate between ionic and neutral signals. These goals can be accomplished by combining heterodyne modulation, cavity enhancement, and velocity modulation in a spectroscopic technique called Noise-Immune Cavity-Enhanced Optical Heterodyne Velocity Modulation Spectroscopy (NICE-OHVMS).
This thesis will describe efforts to conduct high-resolution and high-precision infrared spectroscopic surveys of molecular ions using NICE-OHVMS. Two ions in particular, the HeH+ and H3+ ions which represent the simplest heteronuclear and simplest polyatomic molecules respectively, are the main focus of this work and record-breaking precision measurements of their infrared spectra are presented. In doing so, rovibrational transition rest frequencies with MHz-level level uncertainty (an improvement over previous measurements by two orders of magnitude) are presented. It is envisioned that these measurements will equip ab initio theorists with improved benchmark values that can be used to test the validity of new theoretical approaches aimed at calculating molecular potential energy surfaces and spectra."Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2017-02-28 without embargo termsThe student, Adam Perry, accepted the attached license on 2016-11-11 at 13:36.The student, Adam Perry, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-11-11 at 13:44.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-11-15 at 09:25.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10234 on 2017-02-28 at 14:47:25Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-01T15:48:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 18
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Previous issue date: 2016-11-1
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