1,108 research outputs found
Prevalence and type distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in women undergoing voluntary cervical cancer screening in Italy
No full textThe aim of this survey was to assess the prevalence and distribution of oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in women who underwent screening for cervical cancer in Italy. The correlation of genotypes with the cytological results was also evaluated. Cervical samples were collected from 9,947 self-referring women for cervical cancer screening. Participants were screened by liquid-based cytology and high-risk HPV testing using the Hybrid Capture 2 test. Positive samples were genotyped by PCR. Samples (1,474; 14.8%) were positive for high-risk HPV. The prevalence was 29.4% in the 15-19 years-group, decreasing progressively to 6.1% at 50-54 years of age and increasing to 12.2% in those aged over 65 years. HPV 16 was the genotype detected most frequently followed by HPV 31, HPV 18, HPV 56, and HPV 51. HPV 16 or 18 were present in 4% of women with normal cytology and both were detected contemporarily in only 14 women. Twenty-two percent of atypical squamous cells, 26% of low-grade and 56% of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions at cytology were positive for HPV 16 and/or 18. The prevalence of HPV infection in Italy is in agreement with that reported worldwide. HPV 16 was the prevalent genotype. The concomitant infection with HPV 16 and HPV 18 (vaccine targets) was found rarely. Apart from HPV 16 and 18, there was a substantial presence of HPV genotypes against which the vaccines available currently have shown cross-protection efficacy. The findings of this study may contribute to reliable predictions on the potential efficacy of an HPV vaccine in clinical practice. J. Med. Virol. 81:529-535, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc
The Role of HIV Infection in Neurologic Injury
No full textThe central nervous system (CNS) is a very challenging HIV-1 sanctuary, in which HIV-1 replication is established early on during acute infection and can persist despite potent antiretroviral treatments. HIV-1 infected macrophages play a pivotal role acting as vehicles for HIV-1 to spread into the brain, and can be the major contributor of an early compartmentalization. HIV-1 infection in CNS may lead to a broad spectrum of neurological syndromes, such as dementia, mild neurocognitive disorders, and asymptomatic impairment. These clinical manifestations are caused by the release of neurotoxins from infected cells (mainly macrophages), and also by several HIV-1 proteins, able to activate cell-signaling involved in the control of cellular survival and apoptosis. This review is aimed at highlighting the virological aspects associated with the onset of neurocognitive disorders and at addressing the novel therapeutic approaches to stop HIV-1 replication in this critical sanctuary
Katalog der Musikbibliothek Peters ...
No full textClassified, with author indexes.Preface signed: C.F. Peters. Dr. Emil Vogel, bibliothekar.Abth. 1. Theoretische Werke.--Abth. 2. Praktische Werke.Mode of access: Internet
Specific VpU codon changes were significantly associated with gp120 V3 tropic signatures in HIV-1 B-subtype
No full textNatural polymorphisms of HIV-1 subtype-C integrase coding region in a large group of ARV-naïve infected individuals
No full textHighlights on HIV eradication in 2013
No full textAlmost 20 years after the introduction of HAART,
scientific community, doctors and patients are still
struggling with the absence of effective strategies aimed
at eradicating HIV infection, or at preventing it through
a vaccin
Ellagic acid and Annona muricata in the chemoprevention of HPV-related pre-neoplastic lesions of the cervix
No full textEllagic acid is a phenolic compound naturally present in nuts and berries. Several studies have demonstrated that this bioactive compound has antioxidant, chemopreventive and antiviral activity. Annona muricata is a type of fruit tree with a long history of traditional use. A number of properties have been attributed to different parts of the plant, including anticancer and antioxidant activities. In the current study, a complex based on ellagic acid, Annona Muricata and antioxidant factors (an ellagic acid complex) was administered to a group of human papilloma virus (HPV) infected women with and without cervical lesions, for 12 months. Its effect on HPV clearance and cervical cytological outcomes was assessed and a group of women with the same clinical features who did not receive the ellagic acid complex served as a control. A positive correlation was observed between intake of ellagic acid complex and negative Pap test following 6 and 12 months of treatment (Ï2 test: 0.041 and 0.014, respectively). Women treated with the ellagic acid complex were less likely to be diagnosed with an abnormal Pap smear at 6 months [Odds ratio (OR): 0.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14-1.06] and 12 months (OR: 0.35; 95% CI 0.13-0.89), compared with the control group. After adjusting for confounding factors including age and smoking habit, this association remained significant. No effect was observed on HPV clearance or viral integration. The data from the current study suggest a protective effect of the ellagic acid complex on cervical cells, possibly through apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and repair mechanisms
Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages (MDM): Model 1 (GM-CSF)
No full textMonocytes/macrophages play critical roles in HIV transmission, viral spread (early in infection), and as a reservoir of virus throughout infection. In the current research area in HIV, there has been a recent resurgence of interest in the biology of monocyte subsets and macrophages and their role in HIV pathogenesis, and as long-lived HIV reservoir. Thus, sensitive and specific techniques are needed to measure the impact of these cells in the establishment of the “hard-core” reservoir, and in their capacity to cause a low-level virus production during cART. Here, a protocol is presented for cell culture and HIV-1 infection of granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) differentiated human monocyte-derived macrophages
Motion of quantum vortex lines near realistic rough boundaries
No full textWe numerically solve the three--dimensional, time--dependent Gross--Pitaevskii equation to model a superfluid flowing over a realistic rough boundary. Our model for the boundary is based on the atom--force microscope image of a NbTi vibrating wire used to generate turbulence in actual experiments. We find that near the boundary a dense region of quantum vortices is created, which forms a kind of `superfluid boundary layer'
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