1,721,129 research outputs found
Valutazione della composizione corporea mediante densitometria a doppio raggio X
No full textAttualmente la densitometria a doppio raggio X (DXA) è il gold standard sia nella valutazione della densità minerale ossea, sia nella valutazione della composizione corporea. I vantaggi principali di questa metodica sono: la bassa dose di esposizione a radiazioni per operatore e paziente, la non invasività, la precisione e la rapidità
Sarcopenia: epidemiologia, cause, prevenzione e trattamento nutrizionale
No full textLa sarcopenia è definita dallo European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) come una sindrome caratterizzata dalla perdita progressiva e generalizzata
di massa e o forza muscolare o funzione. La prevalenza è del 5-13% fra i 60 e i 70 anni, ma aumenta fino all’11-50% nei soggetti al di sopra degli 80 anni. Nella maggior parte degli anziani, l’insorgenza della sarcopenia è multifattoriale; le principali cause identificate sono di natura metabolica, infiammatoria, neurologica, ormonale, nutrizionale e funzionale
Update on the therapeutic qualities of the rice bran in the treatment of dyslipidemia and chemo-prevention.
No full textRice (Oryza Sativa) bran, comprising 10% of the total rice grain, is a by-product of the rice milling industry with world production of about 50-60 million metric tons per year. Rice bran is an excellent source of antioxidants, vitamins, fatty acids, protein, carbohydrates and other critical minerals and nutrients. In addition to being an excellent source of nutrients, rice bran is reported to be rich in phytonutrients that provide health benefits associated with blood sugar control, cholesterol metabolism, prostate health and chemoprevention. This paper focus on these phytonutrients and their effect on health
Relationship between the absorption of 5-hydroxytryptophan from an integrated diet, by means of Griffonia simplicifolia extract, and the effect on satiety in overweight females after oral spray administration.
No full textThe management of overweight may include the use of dietary supplements targeted to counter the feeling of hunger. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial has been performed in 20 overweight females. These subjects were randomly assigned to supplement their diet with either an extract from Griffonia Simplicifolia (10 subjects) or a placebo (10 matched subjects) for 4-weeks, in conjunction with a personalised reduced calorie diet. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, by the assessment of 24-h urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels (5-HIAA), of 1-month administration of a dietary supplement containing 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) from botanical extracts in healthy, overweight females. Secondary endpoints were the assessment of sensation of appetite (by Haber score), body composition, and severity of binge eating. The supplemented group had a significant increase of 24-h urinary 5-HIAA levels (p<0.001), and a decrease in Haber score (p<0.001) while the placebo group did not show significant changes. With regard to changes in body composition, statistically significant differences between the treatment groups were found for the mean change in BMI, suprailiac skinfold thicknesses, arm circumference and hip circumference. Other parameters were found to be similar in the treated and in the placebo groups. In conclusion, this study shows that the 5-hydroxytryptophan present in the Griffonia extract, administered via spray to the oral cavity, is adequately absorbed, as confirmed by the increase in 24-h urinary 5-HIAA, and that the supplementation of the diet of overweight women with 5-hydroxytryptophan increases the feeling of satiety associated with a decrease in BMI
A bibliometric study of scientific literature in Scopus on botanicals for treatment of androgenetic alopecia
No full textBackground In androgenetic alopecia, a number of botanicals are available that can effectively slow or reduce hair loss and inflammation or stimulate partial hair regrowth. The aim of this study was to provide a descriptive overview of the impact and production of literature on botanicals used for androgenetic alopecia and to perform a citation analysis of the related research articles. Methods We searched for “alopecia” OR “androgenetic alopecia” OR “hair loss” AND “Camelia sinensis” OR (and other 15 botanicals) in ARTICLE (Title/Abstract/ Keyword) in Scopus database. Results A total of 29 references, that is, research articles, were retrieved by SCOPUS search, and 93.1% had been published since 2000. The majority (48.3%) describe
applications of hair grow stimulants, followed by inhibitors of 5-alpha-reductase citation analysis revealed a growing interest for this topic and the papers on hair grow stimulants are most cited. Citation trend of inhibition of 5-alpha-reductase articles is growing in the last years. Conclusions This study has highlighted three important aspects: (1) growing interest for this topic; (2) evidences mainly in hair grow stimulants and recently in the inhibition of 5-alpha-reductase, as demonstrated by article and citation counts across years; (3) in addition, all major studies have been focused on green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Serenoa repens, Citrullus colocynthis and Cuscuta reflexa
Update on nutrients involved in maintaining healthy bone
No full textOsteoporosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly and influences quality of life, as well as life expectancy. Currently, there is a growing interest among the medical scientists in search of specific nutrients and/or bioactive compounds of natural origin for the prevention of disease and maintenance of bone health. Although calcium and vitamin D have been the primary focus of nutritional prevention of osteoporosis, a recent research has clarified the importance of several additional nutrients and food constituents. Based on this review of the literature, supplementation with vitamins B, C, K, and silicon could be recommended for proper maintenance of bone health, although further clinical studies are needed. The results of studies on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, potassium, magnesium, copper, selenium, and strontium are not conclusive, although studies in vitro and in animal models are interesting and promising
Insufficienza renale cronica: epidemiologia, cause, prevenzione e trattamento nutrizionale
No full textIn base ai livelli di creatininemia e di clearance della creatinina che il paziente con insufficienza renale cronica presenta si determinano situazioni che richiedono obiettivi e trattamenti specifici. Normalmente si inizia con una restrizione dell’assunzione di proteine quando la clearance creatininica del paziente si avvicina a 30 ml/min/1,73 m2. L’apporto proteico suggerito è basato sul peso corporeo attuale (corretto dall’edema) e non su quello ideale o desiderato. Tuttavia, nei pazienti obesi si suggerisce di utilizzare una correzione del peso corporeo per determinare i fabbisogni proteici
Association between muscle mass and adipo-metabolic profile: a cross-sectional study in older subjects
No full textBackground: Sarcopenia, the decrease in muscle mass and function, may lead to various negative
health outcomes in elderly. The association among sarcopenia with adiposity and metabolic
markers has rarely been studied in the elderly population, with controversial results. The aim
of this study is to evaluate this relationship in older subjects.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 290 elderly patients, focusing on the possible
association between muscle mass loss, assessed by relative skeletal muscle mass (RSMM),
and an adipo-metabolic profile (AMP) defined by adiposity and metabolic biochemical markers.
Measurements of body composition were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.
Biochemical parameters, such as albumin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and homocysteine
and its related markers (folate and vitamin B12) were measured. Using canonical correlation
analysis and structural equation modeling, an individual score of AMP was created and correlated
with RSMM.
Results: The AMP–RSMM correlation was equal to +0.642 (95% confidence interval, +0.512
to +0.773; P0.001). Hence, a negative association between sarcopenia severity and adiposity/
metabolic biochemical markers was highlighted.
Conclusion: This study contained a novel way to examine the relationship between the variables
of interest based on a composite index of adiposity and metabolic conditions. Results shed light
on the orientation and magnitude of adiposity and metabolic markers in preventing muscle mass
loss. There might be a protective effect of adiposity, compatible with the “obesity paradox.
The Role of Nutrition in Osteosarcopenic Obesity: Lessons Learned during the Last 10 Years and Future Horizons
Full text link: The term Osteosarcopenic Obesity (OSO) was introduced for the first time in 2014 by Ilic et al [...]
- …
