2,509 research outputs found
Practical and Ethical Aspects of Advance Research Directives for Research on Healthy Aging: German and Israeli Professionals’ Perspectives
No full textBackgroundHealthy aging is the development and maintenance of optimal cognitive, social and physical well-being, and function in older adults. Preventing or minimizing disease is one of the main ways of achieving healthy aging. Dementia is one of the most prevalent and life-changing diseases of old age. Thus, dementia prevention research is defined as one of the main priorities worldwide. However, conducting research with persons who lack the capacity to give consent is a major ethical issue.ObjectiveOur study attempts to explore if and how advance research directives (ARDs) may be used as a future tool to deal with the ethical and practical issues in dementia research.MethodWe conducted focus groups and in-depth interviews with German and Israeli professional stakeholders from the fields of gerontology, ethics, medical law, psychiatry, neurology and policy advice (n = 16), and analyzed the main topics discussed regarding cross-national similarities and controversies within the groups, as well as across the two national contexts.ResultsWhile both countries are in the midst of a developmental process and have recognized the importance and need for ARD as a tool for expanding healthy aging, Germany is in a more advanced stage than Israel because of the EU regulation process, which indicates the influence of international harmonization on these research-related ethical issues. Consensual themes within the qualitative material were identified: the need for a broader debate on ARD, the ethical importance of autonomy and risk–benefit assessment for ARD implementation, the role of the proxy and the need for the differentiation of types of dementia research. Controversies and dilemmas aroused around themes such as the current role of IRBs in each country, the need for limits, and how to guaranty safeguarding and control.DiscussionImplementing a new tool is a step-by-step procedure requiring a thorough understanding of the current state of knowledge as well as of the challenges and hurdles ahead. As long as improving quality of life and promoting autonomy continue to be core elements in the process of healthy aging, efforts to advance knowledge and solve dilemmas associated with the implementation of ARD is of the utmost importance
Sidonie Werner Collection. 1957
No full textThis collection contains 2 letters from Grete Stern describing the work of Sidonie Werner (1957), as well as a brief biographical sheet of Sidonie Werner by another
author (circa 1957). There is also a letter of thanks from Leo Baeck Institute regarding Greta Sterns' efforts to provide information on Werner (1957).Social worker, founder of Jüdischen Frauenbundes (JFB) and Israelitischen Humanitären Frauenvereins (home for senior women) in Hamburg.The original German language inventory is available in the folderProcessed for digitizationLinked to online manifestationdigitize
Werner Warmbrunn Collection. 1885-2006
No full textThe Werner Warmbrunn Collection documents life and professional activities of Werner Warmbrunn and to a smaller extent, members of his immediate family. The collection consists of correspondence, diaries and memoirs, educational documents, printed materials, and unpublished poetry by David Warmbrunn and Werner Warmbrunn. Included in the collection are Werner Warmbrunn’s personal correspondence (mostly from the late 1930s); professional correspondence pertaining to his work at Stanford University and Pitzer College; as well as correspondence of his parents, David and Lilly. However, the core of the collection consists of Werner Warmbrunn’s diaries dating back to the late 1930s. Additionally, there is unpublished poetry by Werner Warmbrunn and David Warmbrunn, printed materials, and photo albums arranged topically by Werner Warmbrunn.Werner Warmbrunn was born on July 3rd, 1920, in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. His father, Dr. David Warmbrunn was a chemist, who owned a commercial laboratory. In 1936 the Warmbrunn family moved to Amsterdam, Holland. In 1939, his parents left Holland and settled in the United States. Werner Warmbrunn remained in Holland and attended a Quaker agricultural boarding school. In 1941 he came to the United States where he stayed with his sister on a farm near Cornell, Ithaca. He earned his BA in 1943 at Cornell University and his Ph.D. in History at Stanford University. Between 1949 and 1952 Werner Warmbrunn served as a Co-Director at the Peninsula School in Menlo Park, California. From 1952 to 1964 he was a foreign student adviser and director at Bechtel International Student Center, Stanford University. In 1963, he was invited to Pitzer College by its president, John Atherton. Werner Warmbrunn helped design the academic programs for the new college (Pitzer College, an undergraduate liberal college was founded in 1963) and developed its community. Werner Warmbrunn is the author of two books: The Dutch Under German Occupation, 1940-1945 and The German Occupation of Belgium 1940-1945. Werner Warmbrunn retired in 1991. He died in 2009.Processeddigitize
Werner Bergengrün Collection. 1941-1966
No full textThis collection contains photocopies of correspondence and obituarial material regarding Werner Bergengrün. There is
also material pertaining to Johannes Urzidil that may or may not be connected with Werner Bergengrün. The earliest correspondence is
to the Urzidils in New York from an acquaintance in England, indicating that the war will get worse but he should visit when it is
over (1941). Following the 1941 Urzidil letter are obituaries for Werner Bergengrün from 1964. There is a 1966 letter from Lotte
Bergengrün to Johannes Urzidil, indicating that Werner was sick for some time and his last poem is dated 1962. The last item in the
collection is a letter from "Fritta B." in Munich to Johannes Urzidil, exchanging greetings.Werner Bergengrün (1892-1964) was a Baltic German author. He married Lotte Hensel, a descendent of Moses
Mendelssohn.Processed for digitizatio
Forgotten and Newly Discovered Author - Werner Bräunig
No full textDiese Abschlussarbeit befasst sich mit dem "vergessenen" Autor Werner Bräunig (1934-1976). Er wurde wieder im Jahre 2007 "entdeckt", als sein verbotener Roman "Rummelplatz" erschien. In den ersten zwei Kapiteln werden kurz die Geschichte und die Literatur der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik (DDR) beschrieben. In dem Hauptteil beschäftigt sich die Arbeit mit dem Leben und den Werken von Werner Bräunig, hauptsächlich mit dem Roman "Rummelplatz". In diesem Teil wird auch die Bräunigs Beteiligung an dem kulturpolitischen Programm der Sozialistischen Einheitspartei Deutschlands (SED) sog. "Bitterfelder Weg" erklärt. Am Ende der Arbeit wird die Zensur in der DDR erwähnt. Gerade wegen der Zensur konnte Bräunig sein Roman nicht veröffentlichen.This bachelor's thesis deals with a "forgotten" author Werner Bräunig (1934-1976). His previously forbidden novel "Rummelplatz" was not published until 2007 and thanks to that the author was "newly discovered". In the first two chapters, the history and literature of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) are briefly described. The thesis's main part is dealing with Werner Bräunig's life and work, primarily his novel "Rummelplatz". This part also clarifies Bräunig's participation in the political-cultural program Socialist Unity Party of Germany, so called "Bitterfeld way". At the end of the thesis mentions a censorship in the GDR, because of which Bräunig could not publish his novel.Tato závěrečná práce se zabývá „zapomenutým“ autorem Wernerem Bräunigem
(1934-1976). Jeho dříve zakázaný román „Rummelplatz“ vyšel až v roce 2007 a díky
tomu byl tento autor „znovu objeven“. V prvních dvou kapitolách jsou krátce popsány
dějiny a literatura Německé demokratické republiky (NDR). V hlavní části se práce
zabývá životem a tvorbou Wernera Bräuniga, především románem „Rummelplatz“.
V této části je také vysvětlena Bräunigova účast na kulturně-politickém programu
Sjednocené socialistické strany Německa tzv. „Bitterfeldské cesty“. V závěru práce je
zmínka o cenzuře v NDR, kvůli které nemohl Bräunig svůj román publikovat.Katedra cizích jazykůDokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo
Acoustic Properties of Vocally Disruptive Behaviors in the Nursing Home
No full textBackground: Disruptive vocalizations are among the most common behavior problems in the nursing home. However, their acoustic properties have not been previously investigated. Objective: This paper examines the acoustic properties of disruptive vocalizations and attempts to link them to resident and verbalization characteristics. Methods: This study characterizes the sounds emitted by 26 nursing home residents who manifested disruptive vocalizations. Verbalizations were audiotaped and then used in a sonographic evaluation and an acoustic analysis. Results: Vocalizations of verbally agitated nursing home residents were characterized by their relatively short duration. Consistent positive correlations were found between seemingly disturbing types of vocalizations, such as yelling and howling, and higher levels of several parameters of the fundamental frequency. A similar positive correlation was also found between acoustic parameters and medical disease indicators. With the exception of the length of stream of utterances, the indicators did not differentiate between types of dementia. Conclusions: Because of the large number of comparisons undertaken, it is difficult to conclude which associations between acoustic properties and resident or vocalization characteristics are attributable to real underlying trends and which are due to chance and error. Consistencies that deserve further research pertain to the perceptions of the types of vocalizations the person tends to emit and to the physical health of the person
Accounting and the Birth of the Notion of Capitalism
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to cast a new light on the post-Sombartian debate. It contributes to some understanding of the birth of the concept of capitalism itself. The author argues that the history of how the concept of capitalism was invented is an example of the influence of accounting ideas on economic and sociological thinking.capitalism; accounting; Karl Marx; Werner Sombart
Author – Narrator – Defendant: A legal Approach to Werner Kofler\u27s Voice
No full textGernot Waldner nähert sich dem Phänomen Stimme am Beispiel des Autors Werner Koflers aus juristischer Perspektive. Der Beitrag analysiert detailliert die rhetorischen Strategien in den Akten jenes Prozesses, den der Journalist Michael Jeannée 1991 anlässlich einer Passage in Koflers Der Hirt auf dem Felsen wegen üblicher Nachrede anstrengte. Waldner zeigt nicht nur Widersprüche der Argumentationen auf, sondern leitet daraus Auswirkungen auf Koflers Poetik ab. Koflers Prosa Üble Nachrede – Furcht und Unruhe erscheint in dieser Lesart als Verarbeitung des Prozesses und als formale Reaktion auf konkrete juristische Vorgehensweisen, wie etwa die Identifikation einer Erzählstimme mit dem Autor.
Author – Narrator – Defendant: A legal Approach to Werner Kofler\u27s Voice: Gernot Waldner approaches the phenomenon of voice from a legal perspective using the example of Werner Kofler. The contribution provides a detailed analysis of the rhetorical strategies in the files of the court case following journalist Michael Jeannée filing for defamation because of a passage in Kofler\u27s Der Hirt auf dem Felsen. He not only shows contradictions in the arguments but deduces effects on Kofler\u27s poetics. From this perspective, Kofler\u27s prose piece Üble Nachrede – Furcht und Unruhe emerges as a working through of the court case and as a formal reaction to concrete legal procedures, for instance identifying narrative voice with the author.Gernot Waldner approaches the phenomenon of voice from a legal perspective using the example of Werner Kofler. The contribution provides a detailed analysis of the rhetorical strategies in the files of the court case following journalist Michael Jeannée filing for defamation because of a passage in Kofler’s Der Hirt auf dem Felsen. He not only shows contradictions in the arguments but deduces effects on Kofler’s poetics. From this perspective, Kofler’s prose piece Üble Nachrede – Furcht und Unruhe emerges as a working through of the court case and as a formal reaction to concrete legal procedures, for instance identifying narrative voice with the author
Fear about Alzheimer’s disease among Israeli and German laypersons, persons with Mild Neurocognitive Disorder and their relatives: a qualitative study
No full textABSTRACT Objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is one of the most feared diseases, obstructing help-seeking, and leading to discrimination. While research interest in fear of developing AD is increasing, little is known about its characterization, triggers, and consequences, especially among different cultures. In this study, we aimed at exploring and characterizing AD fear as experienced by laypersons (LP), persons with Mild Neurocognitive Disorder (MND), and their relatives, in Israel and Germany. Design: A qualitative study using focus groups (FGs) and semi-structured interviews was used. Thematic content analysis was conducted to extract key themes. Setting: Israeli and German not yet diagnosed people. Participants: The study included a total of 130 participants (63 Israeli and 67 German participants) representing 3 groups: LP ( n = 82), persons with MND ( n = 28), and relatives of persons with MND ( n = 20). Results: Two overarching themes were identified across groups and countries: fear of developing AD and fear of stigmatization. Other types of fear, such as fear of a person with AD, fear about the impact of a diagnosis of AD on family members, fear of becoming a caregiver, and fear of losing one’s self-determination because of developing AD, were specific to a group type or country. Different types of fear were awakened by different triggers, and were dealt with different coping strategies.ABSTRACT Objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is one of the most feared diseases, obstructing help-seeking, and leading to discrimination. While research interest in fear of developing AD is increasing, little is known about its characterization, triggers, and consequences, especially among different cultures. In this study, we aimed at exploring and characterizing AD fear as experienced by laypersons (LP), persons with Mild Neurocognitive Disorder (MND), and their relatives, in Israel and Germany. Design: A qualitative study using focus groups (FGs) and semi-structured interviews was used. Thematic content analysis was conducted to extract key themes. Setting: Israeli and German not yet diagnosed people. Participants: The study included a total of 130 participants (63 Israeli and 67 German participants) representing 3 groups: LP ( n = 82), persons with MND ( n = 28), and relatives of persons with MND ( n = 20). Results: Two overarching themes were identified across groups and countries: fear of developing AD and fear of stigmatization. Other types of fear, such as fear of a person with AD, fear about the impact of a diagnosis of AD on family members, fear of becoming a caregiver, and fear of losing one’s self-determination because of developing AD, were specific to a group type or country. Different types of fear were awakened by different triggers, and were dealt with different coping strategies
Consciousness from a classical physical-science perspective based on a new paradigm
No full textThis is Essay 5 of the Collection of 'Essays on Cognitive Physical Science' in the repository UPSpace of the University of Pretoria.Quantum physics has a long history of interest in consciousness, stemming from the conviction, seeded by famous names, that consciousness is "fundamental to nature" and is, thus, somehow contributory also to quantum events. One of the more recent ideas (by Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose) is that the brain is a quantum computer and that a particular component of neurons acts as a quantum object responsible for the emergence of consciousness. In the 2017 New Scientist monograph Your Conscious Mind the present scientific vision is summarised as "We still don't know whether it [consciousness] is real or an illusion". And it is speculated "that physicists will [one day perhaps] identify consciousness as a distinct kind of matter". This odd suggestion calls for physicists to bring systematic classical thinking back to the subject of consciousness. In the past, such thinking, based on the well-tested Ansatz approach, has failed miserably for consciousness, because of a self-reassuring mainstream orthodox paradigm about the function of consciousness, viz. that consciousness, assisted by the "unconscious" state, is in charge of Man's reasoning and behaviour. The new approach pursued here is the opposite thereof, viz. it is based on the new unorthodox paradigm that the nonconscious (not unconscious) state of mind is in charge of human reasoning and behaviour, and that what a person's mind becomes conscious of has previously been entirely worked out and put into action in the nonconscious state. On this basis, the author has derived a purely classical self-compatible description of the nature and function of consciousness. The key proposition is that general consciousness derives from self-consciousness, which in turn is posited to be a mental sensation of organism-wide wake state feedback from local cellular metabolism. The details have been written up here in a first short form. In a postscript it is also shown how the age-old problem of 'free will' is solved in terms of the new vision of consciousness.hj201
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