1,721,107 research outputs found
Inorganic matrices: an answer to low drug solubility problem.
No full textIntroduction: Many active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), in development and already on the market, show a limited and variable bioavailability mainly associated to inadequate biopharmaceutical properties such as aqueous solubility and dissolution rate. The latter is the main factor responsible for the limited, and sometimes inadequate, efficacy of many orally administered drugs, belonging to class II and IV of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). Moreover, because of their low solubility, such drugs require high doses to be administered in order to obtain their pharmacological effect, increasing the side effect incidence.
Areas covered: The present review reports the most common technological approaches intended to improve solubility and dissolution rate of BCS class II and IV drugs such as nanocrystals, solid dispersions, cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles. Particular attention will be focused on the use of inorganic matrices (lamellar anionic clays and mesoporous materials) as host for the delivery of poor soluble APIs (guest).
Expert opinion: The employment of inorganic matrices for the realization of host-guest composites is a suitable strategy for the biopharmaceutical properties enhancement. This objective can be achieved without any modification of API chemical structure
Gastroretentive inorganic-organic hybrids to improve class IV drug absorption
No full textTherapeutic efficacy of some orally administered molecules is often conditioned by their solubility in physiological fluids as well as their absorption. The last aspect becomes more limitative and conditioning drug plasmatic profiles when the active ingredient is preferentially absorbed in a specific region of the gastrointestinal tract. A case is represented by furosemide (FURO) preferentially absorbed in the stomach, site in which, because of its acidic nature, is poor soluble. To solve this problem new oral solid formulations have been developed. The inorganic-organic hybrid MgAl-HTlc-FURO has been formulated in tablet in which floating and mucoadhesion properties have been combined. Swellable (Methocel K4, Methocel K15, Methocel K100 M, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose) or swellable/erodible polymers (Methocel E50 LV, Methocel K100 LV), used to obtain the floating, were combined to Carbopol® (971P or 974P) to confer mucoadhesion capacity. Prepared tablets were deeply characterized in terms of hydration capacity, erosion %, buoyancy lag time/floating time and mucoadhesion. The most suitable tablets selected from these preliminary tests, submitted to in vitro release studies, showed a sustained release of FURO. This is useful to maintain the therapeutic concentrations for a long time, in comparison to conventional dosage forms, thanking to the enhancement of formulation residence time in the stomach
Ricostruzione ungueale: benefici e rischi.
No full textanalisi di materiali e metodi impiegati per la ricostruzione ungueale. Valutazione dei rischi
Opuntia ficus indica nella nutricosmetica
No full textImpiego di olio di semi di fico d'india (opuntia ficus indica) in cosmetic
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