1,721,405 research outputs found
Latest applications of the LC-co-IRMS for food and dietary supplements authentication
No full textThe LC-co-IRMS represents an innovative technique based on the oxidation in acid conditions of all the carbon-based compounds of a sample mixture, previously separated from each other through an appropriate analytical column. Since its introduction in the market in 2004, the LC-co-IRMS has been used to analyse various matrices [1]. Nevertheless, the potential of this techniques is still far from being fully exploited. In this work, we presented some of the latest LC-co-IRMS applications that our group developed for traceability purposes. In a recent study, the LC-co-IRMS was applied to check for the fraudulent addition of exogenous sugars to Italian authentic wine must. A database of about 100 samples from 16 different Italian regions was considered to set reference values for the carbon isotopic ratio (δ 13C) of glucose and fructose in this matrix [2]. Besides sugars, organic acids have also been considered. The addition of biosynthetic citric acid obtained though the fermentation of cheap starting materials like cane sugar by the fungus Aspergillus Niger was detected in matrices such as tomato sauce, lemon and orange juice. Finally, dietary supplements and drugs have also been studied. Levodopa is an amino acid prescribed for Parkinson disease. Natural levodopa can be extracted from plants like the Mucuna pruriens, but cheaper analogues can be chemically synthesised or biochemically obtained from the fermentation of sugars by various fungi [3]. The LC-co-IRMS led to the characterisation of the different levodopa sources, pointing out the possibility to detect fraudulent additions of the biochemical active principle to products declared as natural. [1] Perini, M.; Bontempo, L. Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2022, 147, 116515. doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2021.116515 [2] Perini, M.; Pianezze, S.; Guardini, K.; Allari, L.; Larcher, R. Molecules 2023, 28, 1411. doi.org/10.3390/ molecules28031411 [3] Min, K.; Park, K.; Park, D.H.; Yoo, Y.J. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015, 99, 575-584. doi: 10.1007/s00253-014-6215-4
Un metodo innovativo per identificare l'annacquamento del vino
Full text linkIn questo lavoro è stata testata la potenzialità dell’analisi isotopica del rapporto 18O/16O misurato nell’etanolo (espresso in
18O) come strumento per meglio individuare annacquamenti non consentiti nel vino. Lo studio ha dimostrato che l’illecita aggiunta di acqua modifica esclusivamente il rapporto isotopico 18O/16O nell’acqua del vino, mentre non ha effetti sullo stesso rapporto misurato nell'etanolo del vino stesso. In un prodotto sotto indagine il mancato rispetto della correlazione trovata
tra i due parametri (18O/16O nell’acqua vs 18O/16O nell’etanolo) può quindi essere interpretato analiticamente come aggiunta
di acqua. Il metodo è risultato inoltre in grado di discriminare tra loro diverse tipologie di alcol (da uva, frutta e cereali)
Nuove strategie analitiche per garantire l’origine geografica e l’autenticità dei prodotti di origine vitivinicola
No full textDalla sinergia tra i laboratori Unione Italiana Vini e Fondazione Edmund Mach è stata implementata la metodica di caratterizzazione dei mosti concentrati basata sulla misura del meso- e scillo- inositolo ed è stato sviluppato un nuovo approccio analitico per la tracciabilità del mosto grazie all’analisi degli isotopi stabil
Authenticity and origin control of fragrance and cosmetic ingredients using isotopic methods
No full textApplication of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis for the characterization of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and supplements
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Stable isotope analysis for the authenticity and traceability of food products, supplements and drugs
No full textStable isotope ratio analyzes (SIRA) are nowadays increasingly used for the traceability and authenticity not only of food products (e.g. milk, cheese or vegetable oils), but also of drugs (such as curcumin) and food supplements with pharmacological properties (such as monakolin K, produced by the fermentation red yeast rice). The numerous official methods are flanked by various scientific works demonstrating the power of this technique and its applicability in official and non-official controls. Thanks to the coupling of isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) with separative techniques, such as liquid chromatography and gas chromatography, it is now possible to identify frauds ranging from the replacement of natural molecules with their synthetic form, to the identification of added adulterants, even in low concentrations
Effects of Anti-COVID Face Masks on Contagion Risk Evaluation: Wearing a Mask Intensifies Moral Judgments Towards Risky Behaviors
Full text linkWe investigated the effects of complying with measures aimed at offsetting the risks of spreading COVID-19 on the evaluation of risks themselves. We concentrated on the effects of wearing anti-COVID faces masks, representing one of the most widespread, effective, and debated preventive measures to deal with the pandemic. From the individual's perspective, wearing face masks should be justified as far as there are prudential or moral reasons to avoid the risks posed by COVID-19. Consequently, wearing masks without accepting these reasons is a condition that can trigger inconsistency. The attempt to prevent or reduce such inconsistency should thus promote attitude change with respect to the risks associated with the pandemic, including altering beliefs and emotions about the risks themselves or about the morally appropriate behaviors related to these risks. Based on cognitive dissonance theory (Festinger, 1957) and self-perception theory (Bem, 1967; 1972), we hypothesized and tested whether wearing an anti-COVID face mask causes people to be more sensitive to the risks of the pandemic, perceiving a higher risk of contagion and showing stronger respective emotions and cognitions. To test this prediction, an experiment (N = 118) measured the attitudes toward risks associated with COVID-19 of three randomized groups of participants: a group wore face masks, a second one received no specific instructions/requests, and a third one wore an item of clothing unrelated to the pandemic. Results showed an effect of mask-wearing on the moral judgments towards behaviors at risk of COVID-19 contagion, with no significant results for other morality-unrelated attitudes towards risks. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed
Origine e tracciabilità dei chitosani, nuovi strumenti dalla ricerca
No full textDalla Fondazione Mach la proposta di un metodo innovativo per discriminare il chitosano di origine fungina, unico ammesso all’uso in enologia, da quello derivante da crostacei, non ammess
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