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Emotions and personality in complex partial seizures.
Full text linkUsing the emotion profile index (EPI) and the Bear and Fedio personality inventory (PI), we investigated the influence of hemispheric localization of epileptic foci on emotions and personality in 24 patients with complex partial seizure. On the EPI, left patients showed a paranoid and depressed personality and gave a negative image of themselves, whereas right patients rated themselves in a positive way. On the PI, left and right patients showed an epileptic behavioral syndrome. Left patients were more depressed, guilt-ridden and aggressive than right patient
Research diagnostic criteria (RDC) mental disorder and self-reported symptoms in outpatients with complex partial seizures (CPS).
No full textFifteen outpatients with complex partial seizures (CPS) were investigated to assess the presence and severity of affective disorders, anxiety, and cognitive deficits. Forty percent of patients met the criteria for an affective disorder according to Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC). Patients scored significantly higher than controls on the Beck Depression Inventory (p less than 0.001), on the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05), on the Symptom Questionnaire scales for anxiety (p less than 0.005), depression (p less than 0.01), and somatization (p less than 0.01). They also scored significantly lower than controls on the Mini-Mental State Examination for grading cognitive state (p less than 0.05). Epileptic patients with RDC diagnosis of depression reported significantly more symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatization, and less sociability and trustfulness than epileptic patients without concurrent mental disorders. Implications of these results are discussed
Changes in neuroactive steroid secretion associated with CO2-induced panic attacks in normal individuals
Full text linkNeuroactive steroids modulate anxiety in experimental animals and possibly in
humans. The secretion of these compounds has been found to be altered in panic disorder
(PD), with such alterations having been suggested to be a possible cause or effect of panic
symptomatology. Panic-like attacks can be induced in healthy individuals by administration of
panicogenic agents or by physical procedures, and we have now measured the plasma concentrations
of neuroactive steroids in such individuals before, during, and after panicogenic inhalation
of CO2 in order to investigate whether abnormalities of neuroactive steroid secretion might
contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. Fifty-nine psychologically and physically healthy subjects,
including 42 women (11 in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, 14 in the luteal phase, and
17 taking contraceptive pills) and 17 men, who experienced a panic-like attack on previous
exposure to 7% CO2 were again administered 7% CO2 for 20 min. Thirty-three of these individuals
(responders) again experienced a panic-like attack, whereas the remaining 26 subjects did not
(nonresponders). All subjects were examined with the VAS-A and PSL-III-R scales for anxiety and
panic symptomatology before and after CO2 inhalation. The plasma concentrations of progesterone,
3a,5a-tetrahydroprogesterone (3a,5a-THPROG = allopregnanolone), 3a,5a-tetrahydrode-
soxycorticosterone (3a,5a-THDOC), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and cortisol were measured
15 min and immediately before the onset of CO2 administration as well as immediately, 10, 30,
and 50 min after the end of CO2 inhalation. Neuroactive steroids were measured in the laboratory
of Prof. Biggio in Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy. Neurosteroid levels did not change significantly in bothresponders and nonresponders before, during, or after CO2 inhalation. These data suggest that neuroactive steroid concentrations before, during, or after CO2 inhalation do not seem to
correlate with panic symptomatology during panic-like attacks in subjects not affected by PD,
and they therefore do not support the notion that abnormalities in neuroactive steroid secretion
are either a cause or an effect of such Attacks
[Schizophrenic and affective disorders in multiple sclerosis. Description of 2 clinical cases].
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