130,469 research outputs found
Inequality of opportunity in Italy
No full textInequality of opportunity, Income inequality, Intergenerational mobility,
Regional disparities and inequality of opportunity: the case of Italy
No full textIn this paper we provide a new methodology to measure opportunity inequality and to decompose overall inequality in an ethically offensive and an ethically acceptable part. Moreover, we provide some empirical applications of these new evaluation tools: in the first exercise, we compare the income distributions of South and North of Italy on the basis of a measure of opportunity inequality. Then, we repeat the exercise using the cognitive abilities in a sample of 15-year old students. In both circumstances we find that the less developed regions in the South are characterized by greater incidence of inequality of opportunity
Esiste uguaglianza delle opportunità in Italia ?
No full textIn questo lavoro si fornisce un metodo possibile per misurare la disuguaglianza delle opportunità e scomporre la disuguaglianza complessiva dei redditi in una componente «inaccettabile» e in una «accettabile» dal punto di vista etico. Viene anche proposta una applicazione di questo metodo alla analisi della disuguaglianza delle opportunità in Italia, che risulta essere pari a circa un terzo di quella complessiva dei redditi in Italia, con le regioni del Sud caratterizzate da un più elevato livello di disuguaglianza delle opportunità rispetto alle regioni del Nor
RESEARCH IN LABOUR ECONOMICS
No full textThis paper studies the cross-country differences in conventional measures of inequality of opportunity in Europe in the space of individual disposable incomes. Exploiting two recent waves of the EUSILC database reporting information on family background (2005 and 2011), we provide estimates of inequality of opportunity in about 30 European countries for two sufficiently distant data points, allowing a check of consistency for country rankings. In addition, we exploit two observations available for most of the countries to explore the relationship between many institutional dimensions and inequality of opportunity, finding evidence of negative correlation with educational expenditure (especially at the pre-primary level) and passive labour market policies
Fair and unfair income inequality in Europe
No full textThis paper proposes an estimate of the extent of opportunity inequality and of its determinants in a sample of European countries. The present work aims to improve our understanding of the origin of standard income inequality, helping to identify the priorities of a redistributive policies and possible cases of inequality traps. Although the ranking among Northern European and Mediterranean countries is generally respected, our measures of equality of opportunity provide a different ranking with respect to the one offered by the measures of overall income inequality. Our figures also show that equality of opportunity might exhibit positive correlation with pre-primary education and de-tracked secondary school systems. Equality of opportunity is also positively associated to labour market regulation (with respect to gender differences only), to union density and to wage centralization whereas is positively related to fiscal redistribution
Fair and unfair income inequalities in Europe
No full textThis paper analyses the extent of income inequality and opportunity inequality in 25 European countries. The present work contributes to understanding the origin of standard income inequality, helping to identify potential institutional setups that are associated to opportunity inequality. We distinguish between ex ante and ex post opportunity inequality. We find that ex ante equality of opportunity exhibits positive correlation with public expenditure in education, whereas ex post equality of opportunity is also positively associated to union presence and to fiscal redistribution
Ex ante versus ex post equality of opportunity
No full textWe study the difference between the ex post and the ex ante perspectives in equality of opportunity (EOp), and the possibility of a clash between them. We argue that ex ante EOp is a potential trap because someone motivated by ex post EOp may be led to believe that ex ante EOp is another natural embodiment of the same idea. As we show, it is not. Moreover, we explore the relationship between the ex post/ex ante tension and the well documented clash between the "compensation principle" and various "reward principles": we show that the tension between reward and compensation only exists if one endorses an ex post view of EOp; on the contrary, it vanishes if one adopts an ex ante view of equality of opportunity.equality of opportunity, ex ante/ex post, compensation, reward
Inequality of Opportunity in Europe: is there a role for institutions?
No full textThis paper studies the cross-country differences in conventional measures of inequality of opportunity in Europe in the space of individual disposable incomes. Exploiting two recent waves of the EUSILC database reporting information on family background (2005 and 2011), we provide estimates of inequality of opportunity in about 30 European countries for two sufficiently distant data points, allowing a check of consistency for country rankings. In addition, we exploit two observations available for most of the countries to explore the relationship between many institutional dimensions and inequality of opportunity, finding evidence of negative correlation with educational expenditure (especially at the pre-primary level) and passive labour market policies
- …
