5,713 research outputs found

    <i>Sl</i>FLS2 co-immunoprecipitates with <i>Sl</i>SERK3A and <i>Sl</i>SERK3B.

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    <p><i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> leaves transiently expressing <i>Sl</i>SERK3A-HA or <i>Sl</i>SERK3B-HA constructs and <i>Sl</i>FLS2-GFP were elicited (+) or not (−) with 100 nM flg22 for 5 min. Total proteins (input) were subjected to reciprocal immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. Immunoprecipitation with anti-GFP Protein A agarose beads (upper panel) or anti-HA (middle panel). This experiment was repeated once with similar results. WB: Western blot.</p

    Caching and Distributing Statistical Analyses in R

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    We present the cacher package for R, which provides tools for caching statistical analyses and for distributing these analyses to others in an efficient manner. The cacher package takes objects created by evaluating R expressions and stores them in key-value databases. These databases of cached objects can subsequently be assembled into packages for distribution over the web. The cacher package also provides tools to help readers examine the data and code in a statistical analysis and reproduce, modify, or improve upon the results. In addition, readers can easily conduct alternate analyses of the data. We describe the design and implementation of the cacher package and provide two examples of how the package can be used for reproducible research.

    <i>Sl</i>SERK3A and <i>Sl</i>SERK3B are active protein kinases.

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    <p>Auto-phosphorylation and <i>trans</i>-phosphorylation of MBP were tested <i>in vitro</i> using freshly expressed and purified GST-tagged fusion proteins corresponding to the cytoplasmic domain of both <i>Sl</i>SERK3A and <i>Sl</i>SERK3B and their respective kinase dead mutants, <i>Sl</i>SERK3A* CD (D418N) and <i>Sl</i>SERK3B* CD (D420N). Proteins were fractionated on 12% SDS-PAGE. Coomassie blue stained and dried gel, lower panel; radiolabeled bands were revealed by autoradiography, upper panel. This experiment was repeated twice.</p

    <i>Sl</i>SERK3A and <i>Sl</i>SERK3B co-localize with BAK1 at the plasma membrane (PM).

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    <p><i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transient expression of <i>Sl</i>SERK3A-GFP or <i>Sl</i>SERK3A-GFP with BAK1-mCherry in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> leaves. Localization of PM-associated BAK1-mCherry was compared with that of <i>Sl</i>SERK3A and <i>Sl</i>SERK3B (merged). Differential interference contrast (DIC) image. Leaf epidermal cells were imaged by confocal microscopy 72 h after infiltration with <i>Agrobacterium</i>. Bar = 20 µm.</p

    CR1 Knops blood group alleles are not associated with severe malaria in the Gambia

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    The Knops blood group antigen erythrocyte polymorphisms have been associated with reduced falciparum malaria-based in vitro rosette formation (putative malaria virulence factor). Having previously identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human complement receptor 1 (CR1/CD35) gene underlying the Knops antithetical antigens Sl1/Sl2 and McC(a)/McC(b), we have now performed genotype comparisons to test associations between these two molecular variants and severe malaria in West African children living in the Gambia. While SNPs associated with Sl:2 and McC(b+) were equally distributed among malaria-infected children with severe malaria and control children not infected with malaria parasites, high allele frequencies for Sl 2 (0.800, 1,365/1,706) and McC(b) (0.385, 658/1706) were observed. Further, when compared to the Sl 1/McC(a) allele observed in all populations, the African Sl 2/McC(b) allele appears to have evolved as a result of positive selection (modified Nei-Gojobori test Ka-Ks/s.e.=1.77, P-valu
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