182 research outputs found
Knowledge Management of Games for Decision Making
No full textGames for decision making have developed into a powerful tool for corporations. Irrespective of their size, corporations have been increasingly using these games in order to evaluate and ascertain impact-ful business decisions and strategies. Despite their proven added value to the decision making process, there is still lack of research on whether, and if so how, these games can be used by researchers and practitioners to build evidents on systems' behavior, as part of a larger scheme. To this effect, this paper proposes a framework to determine the different artifacts of games that should be logged and stored for future use.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Organisation & GovernancePolicy Analysi
Erratum: Corrigendum to “Development and initial validation of the Role Strain Questionnaire for Junior Athletes (RSQ-JA)” (Psychology of Sport and Exercise (2016) 24 (168–178)(S146902921630022X)(10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.02.004))
No full textThe authors regret to let us know that there is an authorship change in the article. The authors would like add another author to the article namely Fiona Chun Man Ling, as they believe that she has made a substantial intellectual contribution to this work and is deserving authorship. As such, they would like to change the reference of the article to: Fleur E.C.A. van Rens a, *, Erika Borkoles b, Damian Farrow a, c, Thomas Curran d, Fiona Chun Man Ling a, Remco C.J. Polman e The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
Transcriptome and kinome analysis during ethylene-induced growth in Rumex palustris
No full textComplete submergence is one of the most severe abiotic stresses worldwide, both in natural and man-made ecosystems. A limited number of species have evolved mechanisms to deal with these conditions. Rumex palustris, a model for studying plant responses to flooding, manages to outgrow the water, and thus restore contact with the atmosphere, through upward leaf growth (hyponasty) followed by strongly enhanced petiole elongation. These responses are initiated by the gaseous plant hormone ethylene, which accumulates inside plants due to physical entrapment and mimics largely this morphological submergence response. The complexity of ethylene-driven growth in R. palustris upon submergence suggests the involvement of many genes under tight regulation. A comprehensive understanding of the changes in the expression of genes responsive to ethylene is crucial to elucidate the signal transduction networks that lead to hyponastic growth and under-water elongation in this plant. By applying cDNA subtractive hybridisation and cDNA-AFLP (RNA fingerprinting) we identified 119 differentially expressed genes during ethylene-induced hyponastic growth and petiole elongation. From those, 21 have very good homology with Arabidopsis genes. The expression kinetics of these genes were monitored in response to ethylene and submergence using Real Time RTPCR and the putative involvement of candidate genes in (differential) growth during ethylene and submergence treatment was confirmed. Furthermore, we applied whole genome profiling by hybridising mRNA from R. palustris to a CATMA spotted array containing Arabidopsis gene specific tags. This resulted in more than 5000 genes that were differentially regulated in one or both traits. Additionally, the presence of transcription factor binding motifs in the promoters of the differentially expressed genes were examined and demonstrated an over-representation of Abscisic acid responsive elements. Aanalysing the function of putative R. palustris orthologous genes in Arabidopsis during ethylene-induced hyponastic growth revealed that a subset of these genes is likely to control the initial angle of the petiole since, mutations in these genes resulted in constitutive elevated initial petiole angles in Arabidopsis mutant plants compared to the wild type Columbia-0. The others have an effect on either the angle of the petiole or leaf blade angle or both. Mutant analysis revealed a role for PSI-H subunit of photosystem I, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase in hyponastic growth of Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the effect of auxin response factor ARF8 on hyponastic growth was demonstrated. Reversible protein phosphorylation is a fundamental strategy used by eukaryotes to regulate basic cellular function. Upon a variety of stimuli, kinases phosphorylate downstream kinases usually until the target transcription factor is phosphorylated. Moreover, for many metabolic processes reversible phosphorylation of proteins is a key regulatory mechanism. We examined changes in the kinome profile of R. palustris in response to enhanced levels of ethylene and we discovered differential activity of many kinases. From these experiments, however, we cannot conclude the exact protein kinases involved in ethylene-induced (differential) growth. Our results do show, however, that the kinase regulatory system is strongly regulated during ethylene enriched conditions that induce hyponastic growth and petiole elongation in R. palustris
Transcriptome and kinome analysis during ethylene-induced growth in Rumex palustris
No full textComplete submergence is one of the most severe abiotic stresses worldwide, both in natural and man-made ecosystems. A limited number of species have evolved mechanisms to deal with these conditions. Rumex palustris, a model for studying plant responses to flooding, manages to outgrow the water, and thus restore contact with the atmosphere, through upward leaf growth (hyponasty) followed by strongly enhanced petiole elongation. These responses are initiated by the gaseous plant hormone ethylene, which accumulates inside plants due to physical entrapment and mimics largely this morphological submergence response. The complexity of ethylene-driven growth in R. palustris upon submergence suggests the involvement of many genes under tight regulation. A comprehensive understanding of the changes in the expression of genes responsive to ethylene is crucial to elucidate the signal transduction networks that lead to hyponastic growth and under-water elongation in this plant. By applying cDNA subtractive hybridisation and cDNA-AFLP (RNA fingerprinting) we identified 119 differentially expressed genes during ethylene-induced hyponastic growth and petiole elongation. From those, 21 have very good homology with Arabidopsis genes. The expression kinetics of these genes were monitored in response to ethylene and submergence using Real Time RTPCR and the putative involvement of candidate genes in (differential) growth during ethylene and submergence treatment was confirmed. Furthermore, we applied whole genome profiling by hybridising mRNA from R. palustris to a CATMA spotted array containing Arabidopsis gene specific tags. This resulted in more than 5000 genes that were differentially regulated in one or both traits. Additionally, the presence of transcription factor binding motifs in the promoters of the differentially expressed genes were examined and demonstrated an over-representation of Abscisic acid responsive elements. Aanalysing the function of putative R. palustris orthologous genes in Arabidopsis during ethylene-induced hyponastic growth revealed that a subset of these genes is likely to control the initial angle of the petiole since, mutations in these genes resulted in constitutive elevated initial petiole angles in Arabidopsis mutant plants compared to the wild type Columbia-0. The others have an effect on either the angle of the petiole or leaf blade angle or both. Mutant analysis revealed a role for PSI-H subunit of photosystem I, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase in hyponastic growth of Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the effect of auxin response factor ARF8 on hyponastic growth was demonstrated. Reversible protein phosphorylation is a fundamental strategy used by eukaryotes to regulate basic cellular function. Upon a variety of stimuli, kinases phosphorylate downstream kinases usually until the target transcription factor is phosphorylated. Moreover, for many metabolic processes reversible phosphorylation of proteins is a key regulatory mechanism. We examined changes in the kinome profile of R. palustris in response to enhanced levels of ethylene and we discovered differential activity of many kinases. From these experiments, however, we cannot conclude the exact protein kinases involved in ethylene-induced (differential) growth. Our results do show, however, that the kinase regulatory system is strongly regulated during ethylene enriched conditions that induce hyponastic growth and petiole elongation in R. palustris
On super resolved spots in the near-field regime
No full textWhen dealing with optics, the increasing level of understanding of a given problem relies on a good description of the behavior of the light in that optical system. In general, a numerical model should be devised, based on experimental evidences, in order to account for the specific problem under study. Approximations, such as ignoring polarisation effects and simplified descriptions of the light interacting with matter do provide important insights, but in general must be replaced by a fully electromagnetic description by means of the Maxwell’s equations. The Super-RENS effect, within this context, should be also studied in such rigorous manner. In other words, it is necessary to devise a numerical model for the Super-RENS effect, based on experimental evidences, that accounts for the problem. In this thesis, we are mainly interest in investigating the Super-RENS focused spot. Specifically, we study theoretically and experimentally the focused spot obtained by using a so called scatterer-type Super-RENS sample. Specifically, we study theoretically and experimentally the focused spot generated by a scatterer type of Super-RENS effect. Furthermore, we extend the numerical model to account for different types of Super-RENS materials. The tools used for the Super-RENS study, either experimental and theoretical, are also applied to investigate an immersed focused spot generated by micro-sized solid immersion lenses. In summary, we start with a discussion on the Super-RENS effect, directly applied to the readout of optical discs, applying a scalar diffraction theory. This theory is presented together with a simplified model for the Super-RENS effect. The readout of the Super-RENS focused spots is presented and the results are compared with available published data. An explanation for the possible cause for readout beyond the diffraction limit is also given. The limitations inherent to the scalar approximation compelled us to develop a more sophisticated model for the Super-RENS effect. This model is based on the fully vectorial description of the light interacting with matter. The predictions of the rigorous model are compared with the scalar results. To validate the numerical model, we compare its predictions with an experimental counterpart. We directly measured the super resolved focused spot in the near field regime as it leaves an active Super-RENS stack layer, and present the results along with a detailed explanation of the experimental setup used to obtain them. An extraordinary agreement is found between measurements and simulations. Because of that, the rigorous threshold model is used to study the near-field properties of the Super-RENS spot in detail. Aside for Indium antimonide (InSb), this is done for the aperture type of super resolution material as well. The readout problem is again studied, but this time using the rigorously computed Super-RENS spot as input for the scalar readout algorithm. Finally, we show a different approach to take advantage of the scatterer being generated in the active layer in order to achieve super resolved spots at high numerical apertures. To broaden the scope of the thesis, we use the tools developed throughout the initial chapters to study several other applications of interest, mainly regarding solid immersion lens. An introduction to the solid immersion technique is given. A rigorous numerical model is presented to simulate the light interacting with tiny SILs and the immersed spot is experimentally measured in the near-field regime using the measuring techniques described in the experimental section. A deeper study on the immersion effect is presented for a variety of polarized beams, including the “doughnut spot” generated by focusing an azimuthally polarized laser beam onto a 2?m-SIL. Furthermore, we present a study on the misalignment tolerance of the 2?m-SIL immersing doughnut and two-half-lobe spots. Finally, we propose an alternative method for generating a doughnut-like focused spot that does not rely on changing the laser polarization. We also include five appendices to complement the description of the methods used in this thesis. The possible mechanisms that lead to the non-linear behaviour of the InSb, when exposed to high intensity laser light, are briefly discussed based on the available literature. An analytical model for the scalar super-resolution effect is presented. The Super-RENS focused spots generated at small numerical apertures are experimentally investigated to further test the threshold model. An analytical method to obtain the focused spot for high numerical aperture lenses is provided in detail. Finally, an introduction to the Finite Element Method (FEM) programming, useful to understand the basic concepts of a FEM program, is given. In conclusion, we have discussed a set of advanced techniques to accurately describe the electromagnetic field in the Super-RENS effect. From the discussion of these techniques, a thorough fundamental understanding of the problem is obtained. Moreover, the experimental approach adopted serves to study not only this particular problem, but also many other advanced near-field problems. Hence, this work establishes the basic background for numerical and experimental characterization of advanced optical systems in the near-field regime.OpticsApplied Science
Natural variation in shade- and ethyleneinduced differential growth and transcription in Arabidopsis
No full textNatural variation exists for many traits, including those that enable plants to cope with environmental stress. The genetic mechanisms behind coping with these stresses have been studied extensively and some regulatory networks have been unraveled. However, due to the complex polygenic nature of many stress-related traits a lot remains unknown. A promising new technique called “genetical genomics” proofed to be feasible in Arabidopsis during this thesis project. The data generated through genetical genomics enables the construction of putative regulatory networks. The general research question of this thesis is therefore to unravel regulatory networks operating during ethylene- and low light-induced hyponastic growth in Arabidopsis. To this end QTL analyses of phenotypic leaf angle traits and global transcription analysis (genetical genomics) will be used to explain and dissect natural variation in hyponastic growth and rosette compactness. Chapter two describes hyponastic growth in detail and has a focus on a QTL study to find large effect controlling loci for leaf angle related traits. Two leaf regions of differential growth were identified and could be separated as genetically (partly) independent. Furthermore, a difference in response to ethylene compared to low-light was found. A QTL involved in the response to both ethylene and low-light was found to be caused by the allelic difference of the ERECTA gene. Some other QTLs could also be narrowed down to a single gene. In Chapter three the light influenced growth traits; rosette area, rosette diameter (fermax), rosette compactness and Relative Growth Rate (RGR) are investigated by QTL analysis. Several QTLs were found and for some the underlying gene could be identified. ERECTA again proved to play an important role in these traits, but also PHYB had a functional allelic difference. In chapter four a method is described to construct a network for transcript regulation by combining genetical genomics data with single gene perturbation transcript profiling. By using the difference in transcript abundance between the ERECTA mutant Ler and its wild type Lan as a start we constructed (part) of the downstream signaling cascade. In chapter five we concentrate on the comparison of two genetical genomics experiments using the Ler x Cvi RIL population. The results of a experiment, where the RIL population is treated with 3 hours of low light, are compared with a previous experiment on the same population (Keurentjes et al., 2007). Apart from network construction, the genetical genomics data of low light treated Ler x Cvi RILs is used to explain variations in light affected traits measured in chapters two and three. In chapter six a NIL is used to study the possibilities to extend the method of network construction described in chapter four. Although in chapter four the effects of a single gene were used, often the gene underlying a QTL is not known and the whole locus needs to be studied. By the transcript profiling of a NIL the effects of a single “small” introgression on transcript levels are known and can be used as a start for constructing the regulatory network. Chapter seven contains a general discussion about the research described in this thesis
The Flemish author, bilingual mediator, and multilingual translator Frans Rens and the modest transfer of Francophone literature in 19th-century Belgium
Get PDFIn order to study the role of cultural mediators in Belgium, I focus on the translation scene in 19th century Flanders; more specifically on translations and adaptations from French, and the poet and editor Frans Rens's motivations as a translator and mediator. By situating his adaptations and mediating activities in the bigger picture of translation flows in the 19th century Flemish literary field, and studying the intercrossings with contemporary Belgian francophone authors, translators and mediators such as Joseph Octave Delepierre and Joseph-Ernest Buschmann, I shed a light on the early intersections between francophones and neerlandophones in the young nation, and illustrate how Rens uses translations to nourish the Belgian literature in Dutch. The article shows that Rens's efforts to promote the Dutch language and the Flemish culture are reflected both in the choice of his allies as in his particular mediation of their work
Boekbespreking:Bespreking van: Bart Peeters e.a. (red.), Liber amicorum Stefaan van Crombrugge, Roeselare: Roularta 2020
No full textChallenges in the Transition Towards a Sustainable City: The Case of GO2Zero
No full textCities face a challenging task in reducing CO2 emissions. Multiple technical solutions on district level as well as household level are available; multiple stakeholders with different values and possibilities to intervene are involved; and their actions highly influence the performance. To get a better understanding of these complexities and to contribute to a community-based transition process towards a CO2 city, a simulation game was developed. This game, GO2Zero, represents an abstract district that is challenged to reduce the CO2 emission to zero. Multiple stakeholders take actions, observe the challenges, and deal with these challenges with the final objective a sustainable district. This paper illustrates the first sessions with this game and show that different strategies of stakeholders lead to different challenges, ways to solve these, and a variety of outcomes.Organisation & GovernanceUrban Development Managemen
Reinforcing the Attitude-Behavior Relationship in Persuasive Game Design: Four Design Recommendations for Persuasive Games for Societal Interventions
No full textPersuasive games for societal interventions aim to shape, reinforceor change players’ attitudes and behavior to help solving complex societalissues. In earlier work, we explored how persuasive game mechanics maycontribute to the formation of attitudes in persuasive games. As a follow-up, this paper presents four design recommendations that could increase the chance that these attitudes will actually lead to the desired behavior shown by players after the game: viz., these attitudes require the right conditions to become a predictor of the desired, post-game behavior.In order to arrive at these recommendations we looked at relevant work from the field of social psychology. Next we linked our insights to the context of persuasive game design. This yielded four conceptual design recommendations for maximizing the likelihood for an attitude influenced by a persuasive game to result in the desired behavior in the real world;1. aligning the degree of specification of a game’s message and the desired behavior2. emphasizing the function of the attitude to be influenced3. enabling players to reflect on their internal states4. emphasizing personal relevance of an attitude to a behavioral choiceSo far, these recommendations are still theoretical in nature. We therefore discuss how future work should empirically examine these, including their implications for the effective use of persuasive game mechanics.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Policy Analysi
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